arXiv subjects

Élie Awwad

Publications and source records attributed to Élie Awwad.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

LMMSE-Based Phase Estimator for Fiber-Optic Coherent Spread-Spectrum FBG-Based Sensing Systems

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensing enables localized strain and temperature monitoring by tracking the phase changes of the light reflected from FBGs inserted along a fiber. A major source of disturbance in such systems is laser phase noise, and its influence is typically mitigated by means of additional hardware. In this article, we propose to mitigate the influence of laser phase noise by means of digital signal processing. We propose a practical estimator for coherent single-polarization spread-spectrum FBG-based sensing systems, which is motivated by linearizing the complex received signal and approximating the loss function to formulate a minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation problem. Moreover, a Cramer-Rao lower bound for this FBG-based estimation problem is presented. Our simulation results demonstrate that the performance of our proposed estimator lies close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound, thus indicating that our estimator effectively compensates for phase noise in FBG-based sensing systems.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2026

Distributed Acoustic Sensing Over Deployed Telecommunication Fiber Networks: Opportunities and Challenges

In this paper, we highlight opportunities and challenges of deploying Rayleigh-based distributed optical fiber sensing, also known as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), over existing optical telecommunication networks. We review some of the prominent recent advances in this area and we shed light on future directions. First, we briefly review classifications of DAS systems and we focus on the advantages of using a continuous-wave constant-power DAS probe signal for in-band coexistence between DAS and data transmission over the same fiber. Second, we emphasize on the important role of the mechanical coupling between the fiber, its hosting cable and their surrounding environment in the interpretation of the extracted strain information. Third, we show results on the estimation of distributed birefringence information using a polarization-diversity DAS interrogation. Finally, we study the impact of laser phase noise on continuous-wave constant-power DAS interrogation using phase-encoded probing sequences and attempt to mitigate it.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2024

Sequence Selection with Dispersion-Aware Metric for Long-Haul Transmission Systems

We introduce a novel sign-dependent metric: the energy dispersion index (EDI) of sequences that endured chromatic dispersion, denoted as D-EDI, which exhibits a more accurate opposite variations with the transmission performance compared to the standard EDI metric. Then, by applying D-EDI and EDI to the sequence selection (SS) process, %with enumerative sphere shaping (ESS) for $M$-QAM signaling, we present two signaling approaches denoted as D-SS and E-SS respectively. These approaches are designed to minimize rate loss and enhance transmission performance in nonlinear optical fiber transmission systems, catering to both short-distance and long-haul scenarios. With enumerative sphere shaping (ESS) as distribution matcher (DM), our simulation results reveal significant performance gains over ESS without sequence selection (SS), with improvements up to $0.4$~bits/4D-symbol. These improvements were observed over a $205$-km single-span standard single mode fiber link in WDM transmission, with five dual-polarization channels, each operating at a net rate of $400$~Gbit/s. Furthermore, we demonstrate that D-SS surpasses ESS without SS by $0.03$~bits/4D-symbol in achievable information rate over a $30\times80$~km link in a single-wavelength, with 8 discrete multi-band (DMB) transmission, and an $880$~Gbit/s net rate. Notably, our proposed D-SS scheme achieves similar performance to a sequence selection based on a full split-step Fourier method (SSFM) simulation and it consistently delivers throughput enhancements across various block lengths and selected sequence lengths.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2023

Fault-Tolerant Four-Dimensional Constellation for Coherent Optical Transmission Systems

We propose a 4-dimensional 2-ary amplitude ring-switched modulation format with 64 symbols, which is denoted as 4D-2A-RS64 encoded over two polarization tributaries to improve the transmission performance over long-haul optical fibers in the presence of the non-linear Kerr effect. At a spectral efficiency of 6 bits per 4D, simulation results show that this format outperforms the polarization division multiplexed (PDM) 8QAM-star modulation as well as the 4D-2A-8PSK over links without inline dispersion management. We evaluate the performance for a WDM transmission of $11\times90~\mathrm{Gbaud}$ channels over a multi-span SSMF link. For an achievable information rate of $4.8\mathrm{bit/s/Hz}$, the maximum transmission distance is improved by $10.6\%$ (400 km) and $4\%$ (160 km) compared to PDM-8QAM-star and 4D-2A-8PSK respectively. The achieved gains are composed of a linear part and a non-linear part, respectively from the improved Euclidean-distance distribution and the constant power property of the 4D modulation. The geometric shaping of the proposed scheme is easy to implement and is robust to Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) imbalances and quantization errors stemming from the finite digital-to-analog converter (DAC) resolution. This robustness is compared to the one of other geometric-shaped non-linearity tolerant 4D schemes such as the 4D-2A-8PSK and the 4D-64PRS that can be both outperformed by our scheme in severe conditions.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2023

Multi-dimensional Energy Limitation in Sphere Shaping for Nonlinear Interference Noise Mitigation

We propose Four-Dimensional (4D) energy limit enumerative sphere shaping (ESS) of $M$-QAM signaling to minimize rate loss and improve the transmission performance over non-linear WDM optical-fiber systems. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional ESS by $0.19$~bit/4D-symbol in achievable information rate over a $205$-km single-span link and a WDM transmission of five polarization-division-multiplexed channels with $400$-Gbit/s net rate per channel. We also study the achieved performance over several shaping block lengths and show that the achieved gains do not scale well over multi-span systems.

cs.IT↗