arXiv subjects

Andrew D. Greentree

Publications and source records attributed to Andrew D. Greentree.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2016

Guided magnonic Michelson interferometer

Magnonics is an emerging field with potential applications in classical and quantum information processing. Freely propagating magnons in two-dimensional media suffer from dispersion, which limits their effective range and fidelity. We show the design of controllable magnonic circuitry, that utilise surface current carrying wires to create magnonic waveguides. We also show the design of a magnonic directional coupler and controllable Michelson interferometer to demonstrate its utility for information processing tasks.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Liquid-state acoustically-nonlinear nanoplasmonic source of optical frequency combs

Nonlinear acoustic interactions in liquids are effectively stronger than nonlinear optical interactions in solids. Thus, harnessing these interactions will offer new possibilities in the design of ultra-compact nonlinear photonic devices. We theoretically demonstrate a hybrid, liquid-state and nanoplasmonic, source of optical frequency combs compatible with fibre-optic technology. This source relies on a nanoantenna to harness the strength of nonlinear acoustic effects and synthesise optical spectra from ultrasound.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Acoustically tuneable optical transmission through a subwavelength hole with a bubble

Efficient manipulation of light with sound in subwavelength-sized volumes is important for applications in photonics, phononics and biophysics, but remains elusive. We theoretically demonstrate the control of light with MHz-range ultrasound in a subwavelength, 300 nm wide water-filled hole with a 100 nm radius air bubble. Ultrasound-driven pulsations of the bubble modulate the effective refractive index of the hole aperture, which gives rise to spectral tuning of light transmission through the hole. This control mechanism opens up novel opportunities for tuneable acousto-optic and optomechanical metamaterials, and all-optical ultrasound transduction.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

High-speed quantum networking by ship

Networked entanglement is an essential component for a plethora of quantum computation and communication protocols. Direct transmission of quantum signals over long distances is prevented by fibre attenuation and the no-cloning theorem, motivating the development of quantum repeaters, designed to purify entanglement, extending its range. Quantum repeaters have been demonstrated over short distances, but error-corrected, global repeater networks with high bandwidth require new technology. Here we show that error corrected quantum memories installed in cargo containers and carried by ship can provide a flexible connection between local networks, enabling low-latency, high-fidelity quantum communication across global distances at higher bandwidths than previously proposed. With demonstrations of technology with sufficient fidelity to enable topological error-correction, implementation of the quantum memories is within reach, and bandwidth increases with improvements in fabrication. Our approach to quantum networking avoids technological restrictions of repeater deployment, providing an alternate path to a worldwide Quantum Internet.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Digital Waveguide Adiabatic Passage Part 2: Experiment

Using a femtosecond laser writing technique, we fabricate and characterise three-waveguide digital adiabatic passage devices, with the central waveguide digitised into five discrete waveguidelets. Strongly asymmetric behaviour was observed, devices operated with high fidelity in the counter-intuitive scheme while strongly suppressing transmission in the intuitive. The low differential loss of the digital adiabatic passage designs potentially offers additional functionality for adiabatic passage based devices. These devices operate with a high contrast ($>\!90\%$) over a 60nm bandwidth, centered at $\sim 823$nm.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Digital Waveguide Adiabatic Passage Part 1: Theory

Spatial adiabatic passage represents a new way to design integrated photonic devices. In conventional adiabatic passage designs require smoothly varying waveguide separations. Here we show modelling of adiabatic passage devices where the waveguide separation is varied digitally. Despite digitisation, our designs show robustness against variations in the input wavelength and refractive index contrast of the waveguides relative to the cladding. This approach to spatial adiabatic passage opens new design strategies and hence the potential for new photonics devices.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Surface-gate-defined single-electron-transistor in a MoS$_{2}$ bilayer

We report the multi-scale modeling and design of a gate-defined single-electron transistor in a MoS$_{2}$ bilayer. By combining density-functional theory and finite-element analysis, we design a surface gate structure to electrostatically define and tune a quantum dot and its associated tunnel barriers in the MoS$_{2}$ bilayer. Our approach suggests new pathways for the creation of novel quantum electronic devices in two-dimensional materials.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2016

Stimulated emission from NV centres in diamond

Stimulated emission is the process fundamental to laser operation, thereby producing coherent photon output. Despite negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^-$) centres being discussed as a potential laser medium since the 1980's, there have been no definitive observations of stimulated emission from ensembles of NV$^-$ to date. Reasons for this lack of demonstration include the short excited state lifetime and the occurrence of photo-ionisation to the neutral charge state by light around the zero-phonon line. Here we show both theoretical and experimental evidence for stimulated emission from NV$^-$ states using light in the phonon-sidebands. Our system uses a continuous wave pump laser at 532 nm and a pulsed stimulating laser that is swept across the phononic sidebands of the NV$^-$. Optimal stimulated emission is demonstrated in the vicinity of the three-phonon line at 700 nm. Furthermore, we show the transition from stimulated emission to photoionisation as the stimulating laser wavelength is reduced from 700nm to 620 nm. While lasing at the zero-phonon line is suppressed by ionisation, our results open the possibility of diamond lasers based on NV centres, tuneable over the phonon-sideband. This broadens the applications of NV magnetometers from single centre nanoscale sensors to a new generation of ultra-precise ensemble laser sensors, which exploit the contrast and signal amplification of a lasing system.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Remote Nanodiamond Magnetometry

Optical fibres have transformed the way people interact with the world and now permeate many areas of science. Optical fibres are traditionally thought of as insensitive to magnetic fields, however many application areas from mining to biomedicine would benefit from fibre-based remote magnetometry devices. In this work, we realise such a device by embedding nanoscale magnetic sensors into tellurite glass fibres. Remote magnetometry is performed on magnetically active defect centres in nanodiamonds embedded into the glass matrix. Standard optical magnetometry techniques are applied to initialize and detect local magnetic field changes with a measured sensitivity of 26 micron Tesla/square root(Hz). Our approach utilizes straight-forward optical excitation, simple focusing elements, and low power components. We demonstrate remote magnetometry by direct reporting of the magnetic ground states of nitrogen-vacancy defect centres in the optical fibres. In addition, we present and describe theoretically an all-optical technique that is ideally suited to remote fibre-based sensing. The implications of our results broaden the applications of optical fibres, which now have the potential to underpin a new generation of medical magneto-endoscopes and remote mining sensors.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2016

Spatial adiabatic passage: a review of recent progress

Adiabatic techniques are known to allow for engineering quantum states with high fidelity. This requirement is currently of large interest, as applications in quantum information require the preparation and manipulation of quantum states with minimal errors. Here we review recent progress on developing techniques for the preparation of spatial states through adiabatic passage, particularly focusing on three state systems. These techniques can be applied to matter waves in external potentials, such as cold atoms or electrons, and to classical waves in waveguides, such as light or sound.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Laser threshold magnetometry

We propose a new type of sensor, which uses diamond containing the optically active nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^-$) centres as a laser medium. The magnetometer can be operated at room-temperature and generates light that can be readily fibre coupled, thereby permitting use in industrial applications and remote sensing. By combining laser pumping with a radio-frequency Rabi-drive field, an external magnetic field changes the fluorescence of the NV$^-$ centres. We use this change in fluorescence level to push the laser above threshold, turning it on with an intensity controlled by the external magnetic field, which provides a coherent amplification of the readout signal with very high contrast. This mechanism is qualitatively different from conventional NV$^-$--based magnetometers which use fluorescence measurements, based on incoherent photon emission. We term our approach laser threshold magnetometry (LTM). We predict that an NV$^-$--based laser threshold magnetometer with a volume of 1mm$^3$ can achieve shot-noise limited d.c.~sensitivity of 1.86 fT$/\sqrt{\rm{Hz}}$ and a.c.~sensitivity of 3.97fT$/\sqrt{\rm{Hz}}$.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2015

Detecting nonlinear acoustic waves in liquids with nonlinear dipole optical antennae

Ultrasound is an important imaging modality for biological systems. High-frequency ultrasound can also (e.g., via acoustical nonlinearities) be used to provide deeply penetrating and high-resolution imaging of vascular structure via catheterisation. The latter is an important diagnostic in vascular health. Typically, ultrasound requires sources and transducers that are greater than, or of order the same size as the wavelength of the acoustic wave. Here we design and theoretically demonstrate that single silver nanorods, acting as optical nonlinear dipole antennae, can be used to detect ultrasound via Brillouin light scattering from linear and nonlinear acoustic waves propagating in bulk water. The nanorods are tuned to operate on high-order plasmon modes in contrast to the usual approach of using fundamental plasmon resonances. The high-order operation also gives rise to enhanced optical third-harmonic generation, which provides an important method for exciting the higher-order Fabry-Perot modes of the dipole antenna.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2015

Microwave quantum optics as a direct probe of the Overhauser field in a quantum-dot CQED device

We show theoretically that a quantum-dot circuit quantum electrodynamics (CQED) device can be used as a probe of the Overhauser field in quantum dots. By coupling a transmission line to the interdot tunneling gate, an electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) scheme can be established, whose Fano-type interference leads to a sharp curvature in the reflection spectrum around resonance. This sharp feature persists even in the presence of the fluctuating spin bath, rendering a high-resolution method to extract the bath's statistical information. For strong nuclear spin fields, the reflection spectrum exhibits an Autler-Townes splitting, where the peak locations indicate the strengths of the Overhauser field gradient (OFG).

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2015

Geometrogenesis under Quantum Graphity: problems with the ripening Universe

Quantum Graphity (QG) is a model of emergent geometry in which space is represented by a dynamical graph. The graph evolves under the action of a Hamiltonian from a high-energy pre-geometric state to a low-energy state in which geometry emerges as a coarse-grained effective property of space. Here we show the results of numerical modelling of the evolution of the QG Hamiltonian, a process we term "ripening" by analogy with crystallographic growth. We find that the model as originally presented favours a graph composed of small disjoint subgraphs. Such a disconnected space is a poor representation of our universe. A new term is introduced to the original QG Hamiltonian, which we call the hypervalence term. It is shown that the inclusion of a hypervalence term causes a connected lattice-like graph to be favoured over small isolated subgraphs.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2015

Dark state adiabatic passage with branched networks and high-spin systems: spin separation and entanglement

Adiabatic methods are potentially important for quantum information protocols because of their robustness against many sources of technical and fundamental noise. They are particularly useful for quantum transport, and in some cases elementary quantum gates. Here we explore the extension of a particular protocol, dark state adiabatic passage, where a spin state is transported across a branched network of initialised spins, comprising one `input' spin, and multiple leaf spins. We find that maximal entanglement is generated in systems of spin-half particles, or where the system is limited to one excitation.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2014

Adiabatic two-photon quantum gate operations using a long-range photonic bus

Adiabatic techniques have much potential to realise practical and robust optical waveguide devices. Traditionally photonic elements are limited to coupling schemes that rely on proximity to nearest neighbour elements. We combine adiabatic passage with a continuum based long-range optical bus to break free from such topological restraints and thereby outline a new approach to photonic quantum gate design. We explicitly show designs for adiabatic quantum gates that produce a Hadamard, 50:50 and 1/3:2/3 beam splitter, and non-deterministic CNOT gate based on planar thin, shallow ridge waveguides. Our calculations are performed under conditions of one and two-photon inputs.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2014

Guided magnon transport in spin chains: transport speed and correcting for disorder

High fidelity quantum information transport is necessary for most practical models of quantum computation. By analogy with optical wave guides, a spatio-temporally varying magnetic potential on a one dimensional spin chain can achieve high fidelity transport of spin excitations. By comparing different potential shapes, we establish the effects of potential shape on the fidelity and transport speed. We incorporate disorder into our model and show methods to minimise its effect on transport. Finally, we discuss implementations of our scheme in several accessible systems based on hydrogenic approximations.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2014

Nanodiamond in tellurite glass Part II: practical nanodiamond-doped fibers

Tellurite glass fibers with embedded nanodiamond are attractive materials for quantum photonics applications. Reducing the loss of these fibers in the 600-800 nm wavelength range of nanodiamond fluorescence is essential to exploit the unique properties of nanodiamond in the new hybrid material. The first part of this study reported the origin of loss in nanodiamond-doped glass and impact of glass fabrication conditions. Here, we report the fabrication of nanodiamond-doped tellurite fibers with significantly reduced loss in the visible through further understanding of the impact of glass fabrication conditions on the interaction of the glass melt with the embedded nanodiamond. We fabricated tellurite fibers containing nanodiamond in concentrations up to 0.7 ppm-weight, while reducing the loss by more than an order of magnitude down to 10 dB/m at 600-800 nm.

physics.optics↗