arXiv subjects

David Ridout

Publications and source records attributed to David Ridout.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2018

Singular vectors for the $W_N$ algebras

In this paper, we use free field realisations of the A-type principal, or Casimir, $W_N$ algebras to derive explicit formulae for singular vectors in Fock modules. These singular vectors are constructed by applying screening operators to Fock module highest weight vectors. The action of the screening operators is then explicitly evaluated in terms of Jack symmetric functions and their skew analogues. The resulting formulae depend on sequences of pairs of integers that completely determine the Fock module as well as the Jack symmetric functions.

math-ph↗

arXiv2018

An admissible level $\widehat{\mathfrak{osp}} \left( 1 \middle\vert 2 \right)$-model: modular transformations and the Verlinde formula

The modular properties of the simple vertex operator superalgebra associated to the affine Kac-Moody superalgebra $\widehat{\mathfrak{osp}} \left( 1 \middle\vert 2 \right)$ at level $-\frac{5}{4}$ are investigated. After classifying the relaxed highest-weight modules over this vertex operator superalgebra, the characters and supercharacters of the simple weight modules are computed and their modular transforms are determined. This leads to a complete list of the Grothendieck fusion rules by way of a continuous superalgebraic analogue of the Verlinde formula. All Grothendieck fusion coefficients are observed to be non-negative integers. These results indicate that the extension to general admissible levels will follow using the same methodology once the classification of relaxed highest-weight modules is completed.

hep-th↗

arXiv2018

Modularity of logarithmic parafermion vertex algebras

The parafermionic cosets $C_k = \mathrm{Com} (H, L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2) )$ are studied for negative admissible levels $k$, as are certain infinite-order simple current extensions $B_k$ of $C_k$. Under the assumption that the tensor theory considerations of Huang, Lepowsky and Zhang apply to $C_k$, all irreducible $C_k$- and $B_k$-modules are obtained from those of $L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$, as are the Grothendieck fusion rules of these irreducible modules. Notably, there are only finitely many irreducible $B_k$-modules. The irreducible $C_k$- and $B_k$-characters are computed and the latter are shown, when supplemented by pseudotraces, to carry a finite-dimensional representation of the modular group. The natural conjecture then is that the $B_k$ are $C_2$-cofinite vertex operator algebras.

math.QA↗

arXiv2017

Restriction and induction of indecomposable modules over the Temperley-Lieb algebras

Both the original Temperley-Lieb algebras $\mathsf{TL}_{n}$ and their dilute counterparts $\mathsf{dTL}_{n}$ form families of filtered algebras: $\mathsf{TL}_{n}\subset \mathsf{TL}_{n+1}$ and $\mathsf{dTL}_{n}\subset\mathsf{dTL}_{n+1}$, for all $n\geq 0$. For each such inclusion, the restriction and induction of every finite-dimensional indecomposable module over $\mathsf{TL}_{n}$ (or $\mathsf{dTL}_{n}$) is computed. To accomplish this, a thorough description of each indecomposable is given, including its projective cover and injective hull, some short exact sequences in which it appears, its socle and head, and its extension groups with irreducible modules. These data are also used to prove the completeness of the list of indecomposable modules, up to isomorphism. In fact, two completeness proofs are given, the first is based on elementary homological methods and the second uses Auslander-Reiten theory. The latter proof offers a detailed example of this algebraic tool that may be of independent interest.

math-ph↗

arXiv2017

Superconformal minimal models and admissible Jack polynomials

We give new proofs of the rationality of the N=1 superconformal minimal model vertex operator superalgebras and of the classification of their modules in both the Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond sectors. For this, we combine the standard free field realisation with the theory of Jack symmetric functions. A key role is played by Jack symmetric polynomials with a certain negative parameter that are labelled by admissible partitions. These polynomials are shown to describe free fermion correlators, suitably dressed by a symmetrising factor. The classification proofs concentrate on explicitly identifying Zhu's algebra and its twisted analogue. Interestingly, these identifications do not use an explicit expression for the non-trivial vacuum singular vector. While the latter is known to be expressible in terms of an Uglov symmetric polynomial or a linear combination of Jack superpolynomials, it turns out that standard Jack polynomials (and functions) suffice to prove the classification.

hep-th↗

arXiv2016

Schur-Weyl Duality for Heisenberg Cosets

Let $V$ be a simple vertex operator algebra containing a rank $n$ Heisenberg vertex algebra $H$ and let $C=\text{Com}\left( {H}, {V}\right)$ be the coset of ${H}$ in ${V}$. Assuming that the representation categories of interest are vertex tensor categories in the sense of Huang, Lepowsky and Zhang, a Schur-Weyl type duality for both simple and indecomposable but reducible modules is proven. Families of vertex algebra extensions of ${C}$ are found and every simple ${C}$-module is shown to be contained in at least one ${V}$-module. A corollary of this is that if ${V}$ is rational and $C_2$-cofinite and CFT-type, and $\text{Com}\left( {C}, {V}\right)$ is a rational lattice vertex operator algebra, then so is ${C}$. These results are illustrated with many examples and the $C_1$-cofiniteness of certain interesting classes of modules is established.

math.QA↗

arXiv2016

Fusion rules for the logarithmic $N=1$ superconformal minimal models II: including the Ramond sector

The Virasoro logarithmic minimal models were intensively studied by several groups over the last ten years with much attention paid to the fusion rules and the structures of the indecomposable representations that fusion generates. The analogous study of the fusion rules of the $N=1$ superconformal logarithmic minimal models was initiated in arXiv:1504.03155 as a continuum counterpart to the lattice explorations of arXiv:1312.6763. These works restricted fusion considerations to Neveu-Schwarz representations. Here, this is extended to include the Ramond sector. Technical advances that make this possible include a fermionic Verlinde formula applicable to logarithmic conformal field theories and a twisted version of the fusion algorithm of Nahm and Gaberdiel-Kausch. The results include the first construction and detailed analysis of logarithmic structures in the Ramond sector.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Boundary algebras and Kac modules for logarithmic minimal models

Virasoro Kac modules were initially introduced indirectly as representations whose characters arise in the continuum scaling limits of certain transfer matrices in logarithmic minimal models, described using Temperley-Lieb algebras. The lattice transfer operators include seams on the boundary that use Wenzl-Jones projectors. If the projectors are singular, the original prescription is to select a subspace of the Temperley-Lieb modules on which the action of the transfer operators is non-singular. However, this prescription does not, in general, yield representations of the Temperley-Lieb algebras and the Virasoro Kac modules have remained largely unidentified. Here, we introduce the appropriate algebraic framework for the lattice analysis as a quotient of the one-boundary Temperley-Lieb algebra. The corresponding standard modules are introduced and examined using invariant bilinear forms and their Gram determinants. The structures of the Virasoro Kac modules are inferred from these results and are found to be given by finitely generated submodules of Feigin-Fuchs modules. Additional evidence for this identification is obtained by comparing the formalism of lattice fusion with the fusion rules of the Virasoro Kac modules. These are obtained, at the character level, in complete generality by applying a Verlinde-like formula and, at the module level, in many explicit examples by applying the Nahm-Gaberdiel-Kausch fusion algorithm.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Fusion rules for the logarithmic $N=1$ superconformal minimal models I: the Neveu-Schwarz sector

It is now well known that non-local observables in critical statistical lattice models, polymers and percolation for example, may be modelled in the continuum scaling limit by logarithmic conformal field theories. Fusion rules for such theories, sometimes referred to as logarithmic minimal models, have been intensively studied over the last ten years in order to explore the representation-theoretic structures relevant to non-local observables. Motivated by recent lattice conjectures, this work studies the fusion rules of the $N=1$ supersymmetric analogues of these logarithmic minimal models in the Neveu-Schwarz sector. Fusion rules involving Ramond representations will be addressed in a sequel.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

Relaxed singular vectors, Jack symmetric functions and fractional level $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}(2)$ models

The fractional level models are (logarithmic) conformal field theories associated with affine Kac-Moody (super)algebras at certain levels $k \in \mathbb{Q}$. They are particularly noteworthy because of several longstanding difficulties that have only recently been resolved. Here, Wakimoto's free field realisation is combined with the theory of Jack symmetric functions to analyse the fractional level $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}(2)$ models. The first main results are explicit formulae for the singular vectors of minimal grade in relaxed Wakimoto modules. These are closely related to the minimal grade singular vectors in relaxed (parabolic) Verma modules. Further results include an explicit presentation of Zhu's algebra and an elegant new proof of the classification of simple relaxed highest weight modules over the corresponding vertex operator algebra. These results suggest that generalisations to higher rank fractional level models are now within reach.

hep-th↗

arXiv2015

The Verlinde formula in logarithmic CFT

In rational conformal field theory, the Verlinde formula computes the fusion coefficients from the modular S-transformations of the characters of the chiral algebra's representations. Generalising this formula to logarithmic models has proven rather difficult for a variety of reasons. Here, a recently proposed formalism (arXiv:1303.0847 [hep-th]) for the modular properties of certain classes of logarithmic theories is reviewed, and refined, using simple examples. A formalism addressing fusion rules in simple current extensions is also reviewed as a means to tackle logarithmic theories to which the proposed modular formalism does not directly apply.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

From Jack polynomials to minimal model spectra

In this note, a deep connection between free field realisations of conformal field theories and symmetric polynomials is presented. We give a brief introduction into the necessary prerequisites of both free field realisations and symmetric polynomials, in particular Jack symmetric polynomials. Then we combine these two fields to classify the irreducible representations of the minimal model vertex operator algebras as an illuminating example of the power of these methods. While these results on the representation theory of the minimal models are all known, this note exploits the full power of Jack polynomials to present significant simplifications of the original proofs in the literature.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

Bosonic Ghosts at $c=2$ as a Logarithmic CFT

Motivated by Wakimoto free field realisations, the bosonic ghost system of central charge $c=2$ is studied using a recently proposed formalism for logarithmic conformal field theories. This formalism addresses the modular properties of the theory with the aim being to determine the (Grothendieck) fusion coefficients from a variant of the Verlinde formula. The key insight, in the case of bosonic ghosts, is to introduce a family of parabolic Verma modules which dominate the spectrum of the theory. The results include S-transformation formulae for characters, non-negative integer Verlinde coefficients, and a family of modular invariant partition functions. The logarithmic nature of the corresponding ghost theories is explicitly verified using the Nahm-Gaberdiel-Kausch fusion algorithm.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

Standard Modules, Induction and the Temperley-Lieb Algebra

The basic properties of the Temperley-Lieb algebra $TL_n$ with parameter $β= q + q^{-1}$, for $q$ any non-zero complex number, are reviewed in a pedagogical way. The link and standard (cell) modules that appear in numerous physical applications are defined and a natural bilinear form on the standard modules is used to characterize their maximal submodules. When this bilinear form has a non-trivial radical, some of the standard modules are reducible and $TL_n$ is non-semisimple. This happens only when $q$ is a root of unity. Use of restriction and induction allows for a finer description of the structure of the standard modules. Finally, a particular central element $F_n$ of $TL_n$ is studied; its action is shown to be non-diagonalisable on certain indecomposable modules and this leads to a proof that the radicals of the standard modules are irreducible. Moreover, the space of homomorphisms between standard modules is completely determined. The principal indecomposable modules are then computed concretely in terms of standard modules and their inductions. Examples are provided throughout and the delicate case $β= 0$, that plays an important role in physical models, is studied systematically.

math-ph↗

arXiv2014

Modular Transformations and Verlinde Formulae for Logarithmic $(p_+,p_-)$-Models

The $(p_+,p_-)$ singlet algebra is a vertex operator algebra that is strongly generated by a Virasoro field of central charge $1-6(p_+-p_-)^2/p_+p_-$ and a single Virasoro primary field of conformal weight $(2p_+-1)(2p_--1)$. Here, the modular properties of the characters of the uncountably many simple modules of each singlet algebra are investigated and the results used as the input to a continuous analogue of the Verlinde formula to obtain the "fusion rules" of the singlet modules. The effect of the failure of fusion to be exact in general is studied at the level of Verlinde products and the rules derived are lifted to the $(p_+,p_-)$ triplet algebras by regarding these algebras as simple current extensions of their singlet cousins. The result is a relatively effortless derivation of the triplet "fusion rules" that agrees with those previously proposed in the literature.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

Coset Constructions of Logarithmic (1,p)-Models

One of the best understood families of logarithmic conformal field theories is that consisting of the (1,p) models (p = 2, 3, ...) of central charge c_{1,p} = 1 - 6 (p-1)^2 / p. This family includes the theories corresponding to the singlet algebras M(p) and the triplet algebras W(p), as well as the ubiquitous symplectic fermions theory. In this work, these algebras are realized through a coset construction. The W^(2)_n algebra of level k was introduced by Feigin and Semikhatov as a (conjectured) quantum hamiltonian reduction of affine sl(n)_k, generalising the Bershadsky-Polyakov algebra W^(2)_3. Inspired by work of Adamovic for p=3, vertex algebras B_p are constructed as subalgebras of the kernel of certain screening charges acting on a rank 2 lattice vertex algebra of indefinite signature. It is shown that for p <= 5, the algebra B_p is a homomorphic image of W^(2)_{p-1} at level -(p-1)^2 / p and that the known part of the operator product algebra of the latter algebra is consistent with this holding for p>5 as well. The triplet algebra W(p) is then realised as a coset inside the full kernel of the screening operator, while the singlet algebra M(p) is similarly realised inside B_p. As an application, and to illustrate these results, the coset character decompositions are explicitly worked out for p=2 and 3.

math.QA↗

arXiv2013

Modular Data and Verlinde Formulae for Fractional Level WZW Models II

This article gives a complete account of the modular properties and Verlinde formula for conformal field theories based on the affine Kac-Moody algebra sl(2) at an arbitrary admissible level k. Starting from spectral flow and the structure theory of relaxed highest weight modules, characters are computed and modular transformations are derived for every irreducible admissible module. The culmination is the application of a continuous version of the Verlinde formula to deduce non-negative integer structure coefficients which are identified with Grothendieck fusion coefficients. The Grothendieck fusion rules are determined explicitly. These rules reproduce the well-known fusion rules of Koh and Sorba, negative coefficients included, upon quotienting the Grothendieck fusion ring by a certain ideal.

hep-th↗

arXiv2013

Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory: Beyond an Introduction

This article aims to review a selection of central topics and examples in logarithmic conformal field theory. It begins with a pure Virasoro example, critical percolation, then continues with a detailed exposition of symplectic fermions, the fractional level WZW model on SL(2;R) at level -1/2 and the WZW model on the Lie supergroup GL(1|1). It concludes with a general discussion of the so-called staggered modules that give these theories their logarithmic structure, before outlining a proposed strategy to understand more general logarithmic conformal field theories. Throughout, the emphasis is on continuum methods and their generalisation from the familiar rational case. In particular, the modular properties of the characters of the spectrum play a central role and Verlinde formulae are evaluated with the results compared to the known fusion rules. Moreover, bulk modular invariants are constructed, the structures of the corresponding bulk state spaces are elucidated, and a formalism for computing correlation functions is discussed.

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