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Diederik Roest

Publications and source records attributed to Diederik Roest.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Large Field Inflation and Double $α$-Attractors

We consider a broad class of inflationary models that arise naturally in supergravity. They are defined in terms of a parameter $α$ that determines the curvature and cutoff of these models. As a function of this parameter, we exhibit that the inflationary predictions generically interpolate between two attractor points. At small cutoff $α$, the resulting inflationary model is of plateau-type with $n_s = 1 - 2 / N$ and $r = 12 α/ N^2$. For $α= 1$, these predictions coincide with predictions of the Starobinsky model and Higgs inflation. In contrast, for large cutoff $α$, the theory asymptotes to quadratic inflation, with $n_s = 1 - 2 / N$, $r = 8 / N$. Both universal predictions can be attributed to a stretching of the moduli space. For intermediate values of $α$, the predictions interpolate between these two critical points, thus covering the sweet spots of both Planck and BICEP2.

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De Sitter Vacua from Non-perturbative Flux Compactifications

We present stable de Sitter solutions of $\mathcal{N} = 1$ supergravity in a geometric type IIB duality frame with the addition of non-perturbative contributions. Contrary to the standard approach, we retain the moduli dependence of both the tree level superpotential and its non-perturbative contribution. This provides the possibility for a single-step stabilisation of all moduli simultaneously in a de Sitter vacuum. Using a genetic algorithm we find explicit solutions with different features.

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The large-N running of the spectral index of inflation

We extend previous classifications of inflationary models by means of their behaviour at large-N, where N is the number of e-foldings. In addition to the perturbative 1/N case, whose slow-roll parameters fall off as powers of 1/N, we introduce the constant, non-perturbative and logarithmic classes. This covers the large majority of inflationary models. Furthermore, we calculate the running of the spectral tilt for all these classes. Remarkably, we find that the tilt's runnings essentially cluster around the permil level. We comment on the implications for future experiments.

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A universal attractor for inflation at strong coupling

We introduce a novel non-minimal coupling between gravity and the inflaton sector. Remarkably, for large values of this coupling all models asymptote to a universal attractor. This behavior is independent of the original scalar potential and generalizes the attractor in the phi^4 theory with non-minimal coupling to gravity. The attractor is located in the `sweet spot' of Planck's recent results.

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Lobotomy of Flux Compactifications

We provide the dictionary between four-dimensional gauged supergravity and type II compactifications on $\mathbb{T}^6$ with metric and gauge fluxes in the absence of supersymmetry breaking sources, such as branes and orientifold planes. Secondly, we prove that there is a unique isotropic compactification allowing for critical points. It corresponds to a type IIA background given by a product of two 3-tori with SO(3) twists and results in a unique theory (gauging) with a non-semisimple gauge algebra. Besides the known four AdS solutions surviving the orientifold projection to $\mathcal{N}=4$ induced by O6-planes, this theory contains a novel AdS solution that requires non-trivial orientifold-odd fluxes, hence being a genuine critical point of the $\mathcal{N}=8$ theory.

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Universality classes of inflation

We investigate all single-field, slow-roll inflationary models whose slow-roll parameters scale as 1/N in the limit of a large number of e-folds N. We proof that all such models belong to two universality classes, characterised by a single parameter. One class contains small field models like hilltop inflation, while the other class consists of large field models like chaotic inflation. We give the leading expressions for the spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio r, which are universal for each class, plus subleading corrections for a number of models. This predicts r either to be unobservably small, r<0.01, or close to the present observational limit, r~0.07.

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Superconformal Inflationary $α$-Attractors

Recently a broad class of superconformal inflationary models was found leading to a universal observational prediction $n_s=1-2/N$ and $r=12/N^2$. Here we generalize this class of models by introducing a parameter $α$ inversely proportional to the curvature of the inflaton Kahler manifold. In the small curvature (large $α$) limit, the observational predictions of this class of models coincide with the predictions of generic chaotic inflation models. However, for sufficiently large curvature (small $α$), the predictions converge to the universal attractor regime with $n_s=1-2/N$ and $r=12α/N^2$, which corresponds to the part of the $n_s-r$ plane favored by the Planck data.

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Kahler potentials for Planck inflation

We assess which Kahler potentials in supergravity lead to viable single-field inflationary models that are consistent with Planck. We highlight the role of symmetries, such as shift, Heisenberg and supersymmetry, in these constructions. Also the connections to string theory are pointed out. Finally, we discuss a supergravity model for arbitrary inflationary potentials that is suitable for open string inflation and generalize it to the case of closed string inflation. Our model includes the recently discussed supergravity reformulation of the Starobinsky model of inflation as well as an interesting alternative with comparable predictions.

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Triality, Periodicity and Stability of SO(8) Gauged Supergravity

While electromagnetic duality is a symmetry of many supergravity theories, this is not the case for the N=8 gauged theory. It was recently shown that this rotation leads to a one-parameter family of SO(8) supergravities. It is an open question what the period of this parameter is. This issue is investigated in the SO(4) invariant sectors of the theory. We classify such critical points and find a novel branch of non-supersymmetric and unstable solutions, whose embedding is related via triality to the two known ones. Secondly, we show that the three branches of solutions lead to a Pi/4 periodicity of the vacuum structure. The general interrelations between triality and periodicity are discussed. Finally, we comment on the connection to other gauge groups as well as the possibility to achieve (non-)perturbative stability around AdS/Mkw/dS transitions.

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The many surprises of maximal supergravity

We describe recent developments regarding gauged N=8 supergravity in D=4. Using the embedding tensor formulation we show how to classify all the extrema of this theory with a G2 residual gauge symmetry. Our classification contains all the vacua of the recently discovered family of SO(8) gauged maximal supergravities.

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All G_2 invariant critical points of maximal supergravity

We perform an exhaustive classification of G_2 invariant extrema of the most general gauged N=8 supergravity in four dimensions. They comprise four branches of Anti-de Sitter solutions labelled by a single parameter. Interestingly, while the gauge groups vary with the parameters, the mass spectra are invariant. One of these is a new non-supersymmetric yet stable point. Our analysis includes the recently proposed family of SO(8) gauged supergravities and more.

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A geometric bound on F-term inflation

We discuss a general bound on the possibility to realise inflation in any minimal supergravity with F-terms. The derivation crucially depends on the sGoldstini, the scalar field directions that are singled out by spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The resulting bound involves both slow-roll parameters and the geometry of the Kähler manifold of the chiral scalars. We analyse the inflationary implications of this bound, and in particular discuss to what extent the requirements of single field and slow-roll can both be met in F-term inflation.

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Minimal Stability in Maximal Supergravity

Recently, it has been shown that maximal supergravity allows for non-supersymmetric AdS critical points that are perturbatively stable. We investigate this phenomenon of stability without supersymmetry from the sGoldstino point of view. In particular, we calculate the projection of the mass matrix onto the sGoldstino directions, and derive the necessary conditions for stability. Indeed we find a narrow window allowing for stable SUSY breaking points. As a by-product of our analysis, we find that it seems impossible to perturb supersymmetric critical points into non-supersymmetric ones: there is a minimal amount of SUSY breaking in maximal supergravity.

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Exceptional Flux Compactifications

We consider type II (non-)geometric flux backgrounds in the absence of brane sources, and construct their explicit embedding into maximal gauged D=4 supergravity. This enables one to investigate the critical points, mass spectra and gauge groups of such backgrounds. We focus on a class of type IIA geometric vacua and find a novel, non-supersymmetric and stable AdS vacuum in maximal supergravity with a non-semisimple gauge group. Our construction relies on a non-trivial mapping between SL(2) x SO(6,6) fluxes, SU(8) mass spectra and gaugings of E7(7) subgroups.

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Superconductors for superstrings on AdS_5 x T^{1,1}

We construct a one-parameter family of five-dimensional N=2 supergravity Lagrangians with an SU(2,1) / U(2) hypermultiplet. For certain values of the parameter, these are argued to describe the dynamics of scalar modes of superstrings on AdS_5 x T^{1,1}, and therefore to be dual to specific chiral primary operators of Klebanov-Witten superconformal field theory. We demonstrate that, below a critical temperature, the thermodynamics is dominated by charged black holes with hair for the scalars that are dual to the operator of lowest conformal dimension 3/2. The system thus enters into a superconducting phase where condenses.

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Vacua Analysis in Extended Supersymmetry Compactifications

We analyse geometric type IIA flux compactifications leading to N=4 gauged supergravities in four dimensions. The complete landscape of isotropic vacua is presented, which turns out to belong to a unique theory. The solutions admit an uplift to maximal supergravity due to the vanishing of the flux-induced tadpoles for all the supersymmetry-breaking branes. Such an uplift is sketched out and the full N=8 mass spectra are discussed. We find the interesting presence of a non-supersymmetric and nevertheless stable minimum.

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Holographic Superconductors from Gauged Supergravity

We consider minimal setups arising from different truncations of N=8 five-dimensional SO(6) gauged supergravity to study phase transitions involving spontaneous breaking of any of the U(1) symmetries in U(1)xU(1)xU(1)in SO(6). These truncations only keep the three relevant vector fields, four complex scalar fields carrying U(1) charges, plus two neutral scalar fields required by consistency. By considering thermal ensembles with different fixed U(1) charge densities and solving the complete equations including the full back-reaction, in some cases we find instabilities towards the formation of hairy black holes, which lead to second order transitions, resulting from a thermodynamical competition between different sectors. We argue that these should be the dominant thermodynamical instabilities in the full ten-dimensional type IIB theory. In other cases we find unstable branches of hairy black holes that extend to temperatures above a critical temperature (`retrograde condensation'). The results can be used as a first step to understand new aspects of the phase diagram of large N, N=4 SU(N) super Yang-Mills theory with fixed charge densities.

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Metastable supersymmetry breaking in extended supergravity

We consider the stability of non-supersymmetric critical points of general N=4 supergravities. A powerful method to analyse this issue based on the sGoldstino direction has been developed for minimal supergravity. We adapt this to the present case, and address the conceptually new features arising for extended supersymmetry. As an application, we investigate the stability when supersymmetry breaking proceeds via either the gravity or the matter sector. Finally, we outline the N=8 case.

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