arXiv subjects

Fabricio S. Benevides

Publications and source records attributed to Fabricio S. Benevides.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Counting edge-colorings of a complete graph avoiding a rainbow $K_4$

For $k, r, n$ natural numbers let $ρ_{r,k}(K_n)$ be the number of $r$-edge-colorings of $K_n$ that do not contain a rainbow copy of a $K_k$, that is, a copy of $K_k$ in which all edges receive different colors. When $k=3$, the quantity $ρ_{r,3}(K_n)$ represents the number of Gallai Colorings. It was proved by Balogh and Li and independently by Bastos, Benevides and Han, that most of the Gallai colorings are 2-colorings, for $n$ large. A natural analogue conjecture would be that when $k=4$, $r\ge 5$ and $n$ large, most rainbow-$K_4$-free $r$-edge-colorings are $5$-colorings. We show that this is not true in general and identify an exact threshold for $r$ where this ceases to be true. For the range where the conjecture is false, we determine the exponential growth of $ρ_{r,4}(K_n)$ for every fixed $r$. More precisely, for $6\le r\le24$, we prove that $ρ_{r,4}(K_n)=(\binom{r}{5}+o(1))5^{\binom{n}{2}}$; and for each $r\ge25$, the proportion using at most five colors tends to zero, and $ρ_{r,4}(K_n)=r^{(n^2/4)+o(n^2)}$. A bipartite construction, with all edges within the two parts assigned one common color, achieves the latter exponential growth rate. The lower bounds can be easily generalized for every $k$. Those results are related to other recent results about counting colorings that avoid rainbow cliques or given rainbow patterns in general. Our proof combines hypergraph containers with the graph removal lemma, structural estimates for color palettes and a refined count of colorings close to a fixed five-color palette.

math.CO↗

arXiv2018

The number of Gallai k-colorings of complete graphs

An edge coloring of the $n$-vertex complete graph, $K_n$, is a Gallai coloring if it does not contain any rainbow triangle, that is, a triangle whose edges are colored with three distinct colors. We prove that for $n$ large and every $k$ with $k\le 2^{n/4300}$, the number of Gallai colorings of $K_n$ that use at most $k$ given colors is $(\binom{k}{2}+o_n(1))\,2^{\binom{n}{2}}$. Our result is asymptotically best possible and implies that, for those $k$, almost all Gallai $k$-colorings use only two colors. However, this is not true for $k \ge Ω(2^{2n})$.

math.CO↗

arXiv2016

Edge-colorings of graphs avoiding complete graphs with a prescribed coloring

Given a graph $F$ and an integer $r \ge 2$, a partition $\widehat{F}$ of the edge set of $F$ into at most $r$ classes, and a graph $G$, define $c_{r, \widehat{F}}(G)$ as the number of $r$-colorings of the edges of $G$ that do not contain a copy of $F$ such that the edge partition induced by the coloring is isomorphic to the one of $F$. We think of $\widehat{F}$ as the pattern of coloring that should be avoided. The main question is, for a large enough $n$, to find the (extremal) graph $G$ on $n$ vertices which maximizes $c_{r, \widehat{F}}(G)$. This problem generalizes a question of Erd{\H o}s and Rothschild, who originally asked about the number of colorings not containing a monochromatic clique (which is equivalent to the case where $F$ is a clique and the partition $\widehat{F}$ contains a single class). We use Hölder's Inequality together with Zykov's Symmetrization to prove that, for any $r \geq 2$, $k \geq 3$ and any pattern $\widehat{K_k}$ of the clique $K_k$, there exists a complete multipartite graph that is extremal. Furthermore, if the pattern $\widehat{K_k}$ has at least two classes, with the possible exception of two very small patterns (on three or four vertices), every extremal graph must be a complete multipartite graph. In the case that $r=3$ and $\widehat{F}$ is a rainbow triangle (that is, where $F=K_3$ and each part is a singleton), we show that an extremal graph must be an almost complete graph. Still for $r=3$, we extend a result about monochromatic patterns of Alon, Balogh, Keevash and Sudakov to some patterns that use two of the three colors, finding the exact extremal graph. For the later two results, we use the Regularity and Stability Method.

math.CO↗