arXiv subjects

Fernando Frechoso-Escudero

Publications and source records attributed to Fernando Frechoso-Escudero.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Enhancing Industrial Flexibility and Market Participation in Cement Manufacturing Through Optimized Production Scheduling

The growing share of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources in power systems is increasing the need for short term operational flexibility, particularly from large industrial electricity consumers. This study proposes a practical, two stage optimization framework to unlock this flexibility in cement manufacturing and support participation in electricity balancing markets. In Stage 1, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model minimizes electricity procurement costs by optimally scheduling the raw milling subsystem. In Stage 2, a flexibility assessment model evaluates profitable deviations, targeting participation in Spain manual Frequency Restoration Reserve (mFRR) market. A real world case study in a Spanish cement plant (including PV and battery storage) shows that flexibility services can yield monthly revenues of up to 800 EUR and paybacks as short as six years. This framework offers a replicable pathway for industrial flexibility in energy intensive sectors.

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arXiv2024

Aggregated demand flexibility prediction of residential thermostatically controlled loads and participation in electricity balance markets

The aggregate demand flexibility of a set of thermostatically controlled residential loads (TCLs) can be represented by a virtual battery (VB) in order to manage their participation in the electricity markets. For this purpose, it is necessary to know in advance and with a high level of reliability the maximum power that can be supplied by the aggregation of TCLs. A probability function of the power that can be supplied by a VB is introduced. This probability function is used to predict the demand flexibility using a new experimental probabilistic method based on a combination of Monte Carlo simulation and extremum search by bisection algorithm (MC&ESB). As a result, the maximum flexibility power that a VB can provide with a certain guaranteed probability is obtained. The performance and validity of the proposed method are demonstrated in three different case studies where a VB bids its aggregate power in the Spanish electricity balancing markets (SEBM).

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arXiv2024

AC/DC optimal power flow and techno-economic assessment for hybrid microgrids: TIGON CEDER demonstrator

In the recent years, the interest in electric direct current (DC) technologies (such as converters, batteries, electric vehicles, etc.) is increasing due to its potential on energy efficiency and sustainability. However, the vast majority of electric systems and networks are based on alternating current (AC), as they also have certain advantages regarding cost-effective transport and robustness. In this paper, an AC/DC optimal power flow method for hybrid microgrids and several key performance indicators (KPIs) for its techno-economic assessment are presented. The combination of both calculations allows users to clearly determine the viability of their hybrid microgrids. AC/DC networks have been modelled considering their most common elements. For the power flow method, a polynomial optimisation is formulated considering four different objective functions: the minimisation of energy losses, voltage deviation and operational costs, and also the maximisation of the microgrid generation. The power flow method and the techno-economic analysis have been implemented in Python and validated in the Centro de Desarrollo de Energías Renovables (CEDER) demonstrator for TIGON. The results show that the calculated power flow variables and the ones measured at CEDER are practically the same. In addition, the KPIs have been obtained and compared for four operating scenarios: baseline, no battery, battery flexibility and virtual battery (VB) flexibility. The last one result in the most profitable option.

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