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George Ibrahim

Publications and source records attributed to George Ibrahim.

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Jais 2: A Family of Arabic-Centric Open Large Language Models

Jais 2 is a family of Arabic-centric large language models developed jointly by MBZUAI, Cerebras, and Inception, designed to advance Arabic-centric language modeling, with strong performance across the Arabic and culturally grounded benchmarks evaluated in this report. The family includes, to our knowledge, the largest open Arabic-centric LLM trained from scratch at 70B parameters, and a competitive 8B-parameter variant among the evaluated open models. A custom Arabic-centric vocabulary enables efficient training and inference. In addition, an optimized architecture and training recipe yield highly compute-efficient training. With a substantially smaller token budget than comparable models, Jais 2 achieves strong Arabic performance on the benchmarks considered in this report and competitive English results. The models obtain leading results among the evaluated open models on OALL2 and AraGen. They also perform strongly on several culturally grounded Arabic benchmarks, including poetry, religion, cuisine, and dream interpretation, as well as in general tasks such as translation and summarization. We release the models in HuggingFace under a commercially permissive license. Jais 2 70B is also released as a chat app on the Web, iOS, and Android; it runs on Cerebras hardware, delivering up to 2,000 tokens per second, and enabling high-throughput Arabic-centric chat serving in our deployment setting. By uniting scale, linguistic diversity, cultural fidelity, openness, and speed, Jais 2 provides an open-weight foundation intended to support further research and development in Arabic-centric LLMs.

cs.CL

CONCAP: Seeing Beyond English with Concepts Retrieval-Augmented Captioning

Multilingual vision-language models have made significant strides in image captioning, yet they still lag behind their English counterparts due to limited multilingual training data and costly large-scale model parameterization. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) offers a promising alternative by conditioning caption generation on retrieved examples in the target language, reducing the need for extensive multilingual training. However, multilingual RAG captioning models often depend on retrieved captions translated from English, which can introduce mismatches and linguistic biases relative to the source language. We introduce CONCAP, a multilingual image captioning model that integrates retrieved captions with image-specific concepts, enhancing the contextualization of the input image and grounding the captioning process across different languages. Experiments on the XM3600 dataset indicate that CONCAP enables strong performance on low- and mid-resource languages, with highly reduced data requirements. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of concept-aware retrieval augmentation in bridging multilingual performance gaps.

cs.CL

Understanding Stationary and Moving Direct Skin Vibrotactile Stimulation on the Palm

Palm-based tactile displays have the potential to evolve from single motor interfaces (e.g., smartphones) to high-resolution tactile displays (e.g., back-of-device haptic interfaces) enabling richer multi-modal experiences with more information. However, we lack a systematic understanding of vibrotactile perception on the palm and the influence of various factors on the core design decisions of tactile displays (number of actuators, resolution, and intensity). In a first experiment (N=16), we investigated the effect of these factors on the users' ability to localize stationary sensations. In a second experiment (N=20), we explored the influence of resolution on recognition rate for moving tactile sensations.Findings show that for stationary sensations a 9 actuator display offers a good trade-off and a $3\times3$ resolution can be accurately localized. For moving sensations, a $2\times4$ resolution led to the highest recognition accuracy, while $5\times10$ enables higher resolution output with a reasonable accuracy.

cs.HC