arXiv subjects

Hidenori Fukaya

Publications and source records attributed to Hidenori Fukaya.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

Degeneracy of vector-channel spatial correlators in high temperature QCD

We study spatial isovector meson correlators in $N_f=2$ QCD with dynamical domain-wall fermions on $32^3\times 8$ lattices at temperatures up to 380 MeV with various quark masses. We measure the correlators of spin-one isovector operators including vector, axial-vector, tensor and axial-tensor. At temperatures above $T_c$ we observe an approximate degeneracy of the correlators in these channels, which is unexpected because some of them are not related under $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ nor $U(1)_A$ symmetries. The observed approximate degeneracy suggests emergent $SU(2)_{CS}$ (chiral-spin) and $SU(4)$ symmetries at high $T$.

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arXiv2017

Six-dimensional regularization of chiral gauge theories on a lattice

We propose a six-dimensional regularization of four dimensional chiral gauge theories. We consider a massive Dirac fermion in six dimensions with two different operators having domain-wall profiles in the fifth and the sixth directions, respectively. A Weyl fermion appears as a localized mode at the junction of the two domain-walls. In our formulation, the Stora-Zumino chain of the anomaly descent equations, starting from the axial $U(1)$ anomaly in six-dimensions to the gauge anomaly in four-dimensions, is naturally embedded. Moreover, a similar inflow of the global anomalies is found. The anomaly free condition is equivalent to requiring that the axial $U(1)$ anomaly and the parity anomaly are canceled among the six-dimensional Dirac fermions. Putting the gauge field at the four- dimensional junction and extending it to the bulk using the Yang-Mills gradient flow, as recently proposed by Grabowska and Kaplan, we define the four-dimensional path integral of the target chiral gauge theory.

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arXiv2017

Six-dimensional regularization of chiral gauge theories

We propose a regularization of four dimensional chiral gauge theories using six-dimensional Dirac fermions. In our formulation, we consider two different mass terms having domain-wall profiles in the fifth and the sixth directions, respectively. A Weyl fermion appears as a localized mode at the junction of two different domain-walls. One domain-wall naturally exhibits the Stora-Zumino chain of the anomaly descent equations, starting from the axial U(1) anomaly in six-dimensions to the gauge anomaly in four-dimensions. Another domain-wall implies a similar inflow of the global anomalies. The anomaly free condition is equivalent to requiring that the axial U(1) anomaly and the parity anomaly are canceled among the six-dimensional Dirac fermions. Since our formulation is based on a massive vector-like fermion determinant, a non-perturbative regularization will be possible on a lattice. Putting the gauge field at the four-dimensional junction and extending it to the bulk using the Yang-Mills gradient flow, as recently proposed by Grabowska and Kaplan, we define the four-dimensional path integral of the target chiral gauge theory.

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arXiv2017

Current correlators in the coordinate space at short distances

We calculate the vector and axial-vector current correlators in the coordinate space and compare them with the experimental information obtained through the spectral functions of hadronic tau decays measured by ALEPH. Lattice data are obtained with 2+1 Mobius domain-wall fermions at three lattice spacings 0.044, 0.055 and 0.080 fm and the continuum limit is taken. The correlators calculated on the lattice after extrapolating to the physical point agree with those converted from the ALEPH data.

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arXiv2016

Stochastic calculation of the Dirac spectrum on the lattice and a determination of chiral condensate in 2+1-flavor QCD

We compute the chiral condensate in 2+1-flavor QCD through the spectrum of low-lying eigenmodes of Dirac operator. The number of eigenvalues of the Dirac operator is evaluated using a stochastic method with an eigenvalue filtering technique on the background gauge configurations generated by lattice QCD simulations including the effects of dynamical up, down and strange quarks described by the Mobius domain-wall fermion formulation. The low-lying spectrum is related to the chiral condensate, which is one of the leading order low-energy constants in chiral effective theory, as dictated by the Banks-Casher relation. The spectrum shape and its dependence on the sea quark masses calculated in numerical simulations are consistent with the expectation from one-loop chiral perturbation theory. After taking the chiral limit as well as the continuum limit using the data at three lattice spacings ranging 0.080-0.045 fm, we obtain $Σ^{1/3}$(2 GeV) = 270.0(4.9) MeV, with the error combining those from statistical and from various sources of systematic errors. Finite volume effect is confirmed to be under control by a direct comparison of the results from two different volumes at the lightest available sea quarks corresponding to 230 MeV pions.

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arXiv2015

On the axial $U(1)$ symmetry at finite temperature

We study the $U(1)_A$ anomaly in two-flavor lattice QCD at finite temperature with the Möbius domain-wall Dirac operator. We generate gauge configurations in the temperature range $(0.9, 1.2) T_c$ on different physical volumes, $L=$ 2--4 fm, and lattice spacings. We measure the difference of the susceptibilities of the flavor non-singlet scalar ($χ_δ$) and pseudoscalar ($χ_π$) mesons. They are related by an axial $U(1)$ transformation and the difference vanishes if the axial $U(1)$ symmetry is respected. We identify the source of axial $U(1)$ symmetry breaking at finite temperature in the lowest eigenmodes, for the observable $χ_π- χ_δ$. We then reweight the Möbius domain-wall fermion partition function to that of the overlap-Dirac operator to fully recover chiral symmetry. Our data show a significant discrepancy in the results coming from the Möbius domain-wall valence quarks, the overlap valence quarks on our DWF configurations and the reweighted ones that have full chiral symmetry. After recovering full chiral symmetry we conclude that the difference $χ_π- χ_δ$ shows a suppression in the chiral limit that is compatible with an effective restoration of $U(1)_A$ at $T \gtrsim T_c$ in the scalar meson channels.

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arXiv2015

Violation of chirality of the Möbius domain-wall Dirac operator from the eigenmodes

We investigate the effects of the violation of the Ginsparg-Wilson (GW) relation in the Möbius domain-wall fermion formulation on the lattice with finite fifth dimension. Using a decomposion in terms of the eigenmodes of its four-dimensional effective Dirac operator, we isolate the GW-violating terms for various physical quantities including the residual mass and the meson susceptibilities relevant for the effective restoration of the axial U(1) symmetry at finite temperature. Numerical result shows that the GW-violating effect is more significant, or even overwhelming, for the quantities that are dominated by the low-lying eigenmodes.

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arXiv2015

Renormalization of two-dimensional XQCD

Recently, Kaplan proposed an interesting extension of QCD named Extended QCD or XQCD with bosonic auxiliary fields [1]. While its partition function is kept exactly the same as that of QCD, XQCD naturally contains properties of low-energy hadrons. We apply this extension to the two-dimensional QCD in the large $N_c$ limit ('t Hooft model) [2]. In this solvable model, it is possible to directly examine the hadronic picture of the 2d XQCD and analyze its renormalization group flow to understand how the auxiliary degrees of freedom behave in the low energy region. We confirm that the additional scalar fields can become dynamical acquiring the kinetic term, and its parity-odd part becomes dominant in the low energy region. This renomalization of XQCD provides an "extension" of the renormalization scheme of QCD, inserting different field variables from those in the original theory, without any changes in physical observables.

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arXiv2015

Renormalization of Extended QCD$_2$

Extended QCD (XQCD) proposed by Kaplan [1] is an interesting reformulation of QCD with additional bosonic auxiliary fields. While its partition function is kept exactly the same as that of original QCD, XQCD naturally contains properties of low energy hadronic models. We analyze the renormalization group flow of two-dimensional (X)QCD, which is solvable in the limit of large number of colors Nc, to understand what kind of roles the auxiliary degrees of freedom play and how the hadronic picture emerges in the low energy region.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

Effects of near-zero Dirac eigenmodes on axial U(1) symmetry at finite temperature

We study the axial U(1)A symmetry of Nf = 2 QCD at finite temperature using the Dirac eigenvalue spectrum. The gauge configurations are generated employing the Mobius domain-wall fermion action on 16^3x8 and 32^3x8 lattices. The physical spatial size of these lattices is around 2 fm and 4 fm, respectively, and the simulated temperature is around 200 MeV, which is slightly above the critical temperature of the chiral phase transition. Although the Mobius domain-wall Dirac operator is expected to have a good chiral symmetry and our data actually show small values of the residual mass, we observe significant violation of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation for the low- lying eigenmodes of the Mobius domain-wall Dirac operator. Using the reweighting technique, we compute the overlap-Dirac operator spectrum on the same set of configurations and find a significant difference of the spectrum between the two Dirac operators for the low-lying eigenvalues. The overlap-Dirac spectrum shows a gap from zero, which is insensitive to the spacial volume.

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arXiv2014

Axial U(1) symmetry at finite temperature with Möbius domain-wall fermions

We investigate the axial $U(1)$ symmetry restoration at finite temperature in two flavor QCD. We employ the Möbius domain-wall formalism that is designed to achieve good chiral symmetry. We show the measurements of a difference of meson susceptibilities, sensitive to the $U(1)_A$ symmetry breaking. The signal is dominated by zero and near-zero modes. By reweighting the measure to that of overlap fermions we find a suppression of the $U(1)_A$ breaking effects above the chiral transition temperature.

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arXiv2014

Extracting the electro-magnetic pion form factor from QCD in a finite volume

We consider finite volume effects on the electromagnetic form factor of the pion. We compute the peudoscalar-vector-pseudoscalar correlator in the $ε$ expansion of chiral perturbation theory up to the next-to-leading order and find a way to remove the dominant part, which comes from a contribution of the pion zero-mode. Inserting non-zero momentum to relevant operators (or taking a subtraction of the correlators at different time-slices), and taking an appropriate ratio of them, one can automatically cancel the zero-mode's contribution, which becomes non-perturbatively large $\sim \mathcal{O}(100 \%)$ in the $ε$ regime. The remaining finite volume dependence, which comes from the non-zero momentum modes, is shown to be perturbatively small even in such an extremal case. Since the zero-mode's dominance is universal in any finite volume scaling, and we do not rely on any particular feature of the $ε$ expansion, our method has a wide application to many other correlators of QCD.

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arXiv2014

Review of lattice results concerning low energy particle physics

We review lattice results related to pion, kaon, D- and B-meson physics with the aim of making them easily accessible to the particle physics community. More specifically, we report on the determination of the light-quark masses, the form factor f+(0), arising in semileptonic K -> pi transition at zero momentum transfer, as well as the decay constant ratio fK/fpi of decay constants and its consequences for the CKM matrix elements Vus and Vud. Furthermore, we describe the results obtained on the lattice for some of the low-energy constants of SU(2)LxSU(2)R and SU(3)LxSU(3)R Chiral Perturbation Theory and review the determination of the BK parameter of neutral kaon mixing. The inclusion of heavy-quark quantities significantly expands the FLAG scope with respect to the previous review. Therefore, for this review, we focus on D- and B-meson decay constants, form factors, and mixing parameters, since these are most relevant for the determination of CKM matrix elements and the global CKM unitarity-triangle fit. In addition we review the status of lattice determinations of the strong coupling constant alpha_s.

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arXiv2014

Finite volume scaling of the electro-magnetic pion form factor in the $ε$ regime

We consider finite volume effects on the electro-magnetic pion form factor near the chiral limit, in the so-called $ε$ regime. The pseudoscalar-vector-pseudoscalar three-point function is calculated in the $ε$ expansion of chiral perturbation theory to the next-to-leading order. In the $ε$ regime, finite volume effects are non-perturbatively large in general. However, we find a way to remove its dominant part, by inserting momenta to the correlators, and taking an appropriate ratio of them. The subleading contribution is, then, shown to be perturbatively small, and one can extract the form factor as in a similar way to that in the $p$ regime.

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arXiv2013

1st or 2nd; the order of finite temperature phase transition of Nf=2 QCD from effective theory analysis

In the previous work, we have shown that the SU(2) chiral symmetry recovered above the critical temperature gives a strong constraint on the Dirac eigenvalue spectrum and this constraint is strong enough for a set of anomalous U(1) chiral symmetry breaking operators to vanish in the thermodynamical and chiral limits. We use this condition as an input and impose a constraint on the Landau low energy effective theory of QCD. The only constraint we can set is that the mass splitting term between the pion and eta meson should vanish. All the singlet/non-singlet scalar/pseudo-scalar mesons contribute to the effective theory. We evaluate the renormalization group $β$-function for the effective theory using the $ε$-expansion at one loop level, but find no stable infra-red fixed point except for the trivial Gaussian one. The chiral phase transition seems to be of first order.

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arXiv2013

JLQCD IroIro++ lattice code on BG/Q

We describe our experience on the multipurpose C++ code IroIro++ designed for JLQCD to run on the BG/Q installation at KEK. We discuss some details on the performance improvements specific for the IBM Blue Gene Q.

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arXiv2013

Finite temperature study of the axial U(1) symmetry on the lattice with overlap fermion formulation

We examine the axial U(1) symmetry near and above the finite temperature phase transition in two-flavor QCD using lattice QCD simulations. Although the axial U(1) symmetry is always violated by quantization, (i.e.) the chiral anomaly, the correlation functions may manifest effective restoration of the symmetry in the high temperature phase. We explicitly study this possibility by calculating the meson correlators as well as the Dirac operator spectral density near the critical point. Our numerical simulations are performed on a $16^3\times 8$ lattice with two flavors of dynamical quarks represented by the overlap fermion formalism. Chiral symmetry and its violation due to the axial anomaly is manifestly realized with this formulation, which is a prerequisite for the study of the effective restoration of the axial U(1) symmetry. In order to avoid discontinuity in the gauge configuration space, which occurs for the exactly chiral lattice fermions, the simulation is confined in a fixed topological sector. It induces finite volume effect, which is well described by a formula based on the Fourier transform from the $θ$-vacua. We confirm this formula at finite temperature by calculating the topological susceptibility in the quenched theory. Our two flavor simulations show degeneracy of the meson correlators and a gap in the Dirac operator spectral density, which implies that the axial U(1) symmetry is effectively restored in the chirally symmetric phase.

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arXiv2013

Chiral symmetry restoration, eigenvalue density of Dirac operator and axial U(1) anomaly at finite temperature

We reconsider constraints on the eigenvalue density of the Dirac operator in the chiral symmetric phase of 2 flavor QCD at finite temperature. To avoid possible ultra-violet(UV) divergences, we work on a lattice, employing the overlap Dirac operator, which ensures the exact "chiral" symmetry at finite lattice spacings. Studying multi-point correlation functions in various channels and taking their thermodynamical limit (and then taking the chiral limit), we obtain stronger constraints than those found in the previous studies: both the eigenvalue density at the origin and its first and second derivatives vanish in the chiral limit of 2 flavor QCD. In addition we show that the axial U(1) anomaly becomes invisible in susceptibilities of scalar and pseudo scalar mesons, suggesting that the 2nd order chiral phase transition with the O(4) scaling is not realized in 2 flavor QCD. Possible lattice artifacts when non-chiral lattice Dirac operator is employed are briefly discussed.

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