arXiv subjects

Huan Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Huan Yang.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

Probing the Growth of Massive Black Holes with Black Hole-Host Galaxy Spin Correlations

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are commonly found at the centers of their host galaxies, but their formation still remains an open question. In light of the tight correlation between the BH mass and the velocity dispersions of the bulge component of the host galaxy, a BH-host galaxy coevolution scenario has been established. Such description however still contains many theoretical uncertainties, including the puzzels about the formation of BH seeds at high redshifts and the growth channel fueling these seeds. In this work, we systematically analyze the signatures of different growth channels on MBH spins. We show that different growth channels can be partially distinguished with the magnitudes of MBH spins infered from extreme-mass-ratio-inspirals detected by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. In addition, we propose to measure the correlation between the directions of MBH spins and their host galaxy spins, which is possible for extreme mass-ratio inspirals happening in low-redshift galaxies ($z \le 0.3$). With the inclusion of spin direction correlation different formation channels shall be significantly better constrained.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2020

Full Reference Screen Content Image Quality Assessment by Fusing Multi-level Structure Similarity

The screen content images (SCIs) usually comprise various content types with sharp edges, in which the artifacts or distortions can be well sensed by the vanilla structure similarity measurement in a full reference manner. Nonetheless, almost all of the current SOTA structure similarity metrics are "locally" formulated in a single-level manner, while the true human visual system (HVS) follows the multi-level manner, and such mismatch could eventually prevent these metrics from achieving trustworthy quality assessment. To ameliorate, this paper advocates a novel solution to measure structure similarity "globally" from the perspective of sparse representation. To perform multi-level quality assessment in accordance with the real HVS, the above-mentioned global metric will be integrated with the conventional local ones by resorting to the newly devised selective deep fusion network. To validate its efficacy and effectiveness, we have compared our method with 12 SOTA methods over two widely-used large-scale public SCI datasets, and the quantitative results indicate that our method yields significantly higher consistency with subjective quality score than the currently leading works. Both the source code and data are also publicly available to gain widespread acceptance and facilitate new advancement and its validation.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2020

Experimental demonstration of complementarity relations between quantum steering criteria

The ability that one system immediately affects another one by using local measurements is regarded as quantum steering, which can be detected by various steering criteria. Recently, Mondal et al. [Phys. Rev. A 98, 052330 (2018)] derived the complementarity relations of coherence steering criteria, and revealed that the quantum steering of system can be observed through the average coherence of subsystem. Here, we experimentally verify the complementarity relations between quantum steering criteria by employing two-photon Bell-like states and three Pauli operators. The results demonstrate that if prepared quantum states can violate two setting coherence steering criteria and turn out to be steerable states, then it cannot violate the complementary settings criteria. Three measurement settings inequality, which establish a complementarity relation between these two coherence steering criteria, always holds in experiment. Besides, we experimentally certify that the strengths of coherence steering criteria dependent on the choice of coherence measure. In comparison with two setting coherence steering criteria based on l1 norm of coherence and relative entropy of coherence, our experimental results show that the steering criterion based on skew information of coherence is more stronger in detecting the steerability of quantum states. Thus, our experimental demonstrations can deepen the understanding of the relation between the quantum steering and quantum coherence.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

Constraint relation between steerability and concurrence for two-qubit states

Entanglement and steering are used to describe quantum inseparabilities. Steerable states form a strict subset of entangled states. A natural question arises concerning how much territory steerability occupies entanglement for a general two-qubit entangled state. In this work, we investigate the constraint relation between steerability and concurrence by using two kinds of evolutionary states and randomly generated two-qubit states. By combining the theoretical and numerical proofs, we obtain the upper and lower boundaries of steerability. And the lower boundary can be used as a sufficient criterion for steering detection. Futhermore, we consider a special kind of mixed state transformed by performing an arbitrary unitary operation on Werner-like state, and propose a sufficient steering criterion described by concurrence and purity.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

Two superconducting components with different symmetries in Nd1-xSrxNiO2 films

The pairing mechanism in cuprates remains as one of the most challenging issues in the field of condensed matter physics. The unique 3d9 electron orbital of the Cu2+ ionic states in cuprates is supposed to be the major player for the occurrence of superconductivity. Recently, superconductivity at about 9-15 K was discovered in infinite layer thin films of nickelate Nd1-xSrxNiO2 (x=0.1-0.2) which is believed to have the similar 3d9 orbital electrons. The key issue concerned here is about the superconducting gap function. Here we report the first set data of single particle tunneling measurements on the superconducting nickelate thin films. We find predominantly two types of tunneling spectra, one shows a V-shape feature which can be fitted very well by a d-wave gap function with gap maximum of about 3.9 meV, another one exhibits a full gap of about 2.35 meV. Some spectra demonstrate mixed contributions of these two components. Our results suggest that the newly found Ni-based superconductors play as close analogs to cuprates, and thus demonstrate the commonality of unconventional superconductivity.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2020

Learning Texture Transformer Network for Image Super-Resolution

We study on image super-resolution (SR), which aims to recover realistic textures from a low-resolution (LR) image. Recent progress has been made by taking high-resolution images as references (Ref), so that relevant textures can be transferred to LR images. However, existing SR approaches neglect to use attention mechanisms to transfer high-resolution (HR) textures from Ref images, which limits these approaches in challenging cases. In this paper, we propose a novel Texture Transformer Network for Image Super-Resolution (TTSR), in which the LR and Ref images are formulated as queries and keys in a transformer, respectively. TTSR consists of four closely-related modules optimized for image generation tasks, including a learnable texture extractor by DNN, a relevance embedding module, a hard-attention module for texture transfer, and a soft-attention module for texture synthesis. Such a design encourages joint feature learning across LR and Ref images, in which deep feature correspondences can be discovered by attention, and thus accurate texture features can be transferred. The proposed texture transformer can be further stacked in a cross-scale way, which enables texture recovery from different levels (e.g., from 1x to 4x magnification). Extensive experiments show that TTSR achieves significant improvements over state-of-the-art approaches on both quantitative and qualitative evaluations.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2020

Twofold symmetry of proximity-induced superconductivity in Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$/Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$ heterostructures revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy

We observe proximity-induced superconductivity in the \textit{in situ} prepared heterostructures constructed by topological insulator Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ thin films and high-temperature cuprate superconductors Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$. The superconducting gap maximum is about 7.6 meV on the surface of Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ thin films with a thickness of two quintuple layers, and the gap value decreases with an increase in the film thickness. Moreover, the quasiparticle interference data show a clear evidence of a twofold symmetric superconducting gap with gap minima along one pair of the principal crystalline axes of Bi$_{2}$Te$_{3}$. This gap form is consistent with the $Δ_{4y}$ notation of the topological superconductivity proposed in such systems. Our results provide fruitful information of the possible topological superconductivity induced by the proximity effect in high-temperature superconducting cuprates.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2020

NTIRE 2020 Challenge on Perceptual Extreme Super-Resolution: Methods and Results

This paper reviews the NTIRE 2020 challenge on perceptual extreme super-resolution with focus on proposed solutions and results. The challenge task was to super-resolve an input image with a magnification factor 16 based on a set of prior examples of low and corresponding high resolution images. The goal is to obtain a network design capable to produce high resolution results with the best perceptual quality and similar to the ground truth. The track had 280 registered participants, and 19 teams submitted the final results. They gauge the state-of-the-art in single image super-resolution.

eess.IV↗

arXiv2020

Orbit-induced spin precession as an origin of periodicity in periodically-repeating fast radio bursts

FRB 180916.J0158+65 has been found to repeatedly emit fast radio bursts with the period in roughly 16 days. We propose that such periodicity comes from orbit-induced, spin precession of the emitter, which is possibly a neutron star. Depending on the mass of the companion, the binary period ranges from several hundred to thousands of seconds. Such tight binaries have a relatively short lifetime, which does not likely come from the gravitational decay of a wide binary. We comment on the relation to GW190425 and the possibility in LISA and LIGO detections.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2020

Application of Structural Similarity Analysis of Visually Salient Areas and Hierarchical Clustering in the Screening of Similar Wireless Capsule Endoscopic Images

Small intestinal capsule endoscopy is the mainstream method for inspecting small intestinal lesions,but a single small intestinal capsule endoscopy will produce 60,000 - 120,000 images, the majority of which are similar and have no diagnostic value. It takes 2 - 3 hours for doctors to identify lesions from these images. This is time-consuming and increase the probability of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis since doctors are likely to experience visual fatigue while focusing on a large number of similar images for an extended period of time.In order to solve these problems, we proposed a similar wireless capsule endoscope (WCE) image screening method based on structural similarity analysis and the hierarchical clustering of visually salient sub-image blocks. The similarity clustering of images was automatically identified by hierarchical clustering based on the hue,saturation,value (HSV) spatial color characteristics of the images,and the keyframe images were extracted based on the structural similarity of the visually salient sub-image blocks, in order to accurately identify and screen out similar small intestinal capsule endoscopic images. Subsequently, the proposed method was applied to the capsule endoscope imaging workstation. After screening out similar images in the complete data gathered by the Type I OMOM Small Intestinal Capsule Endoscope from 52 cases covering 17 common types of small intestinal lesions, we obtained a lesion recall of 100% and an average similar image reduction ratio of 76%. With similar images screened out, the average play time of the OMOM image workstation was 18 minutes, which greatly reduced the time spent by doctors viewing the images.

eess.IV↗

arXiv2020

Dynamic Signatures of Black Hole Binaries with Superradiant Clouds

Superradiant clouds may develop around a rotating black hole, if there is a bosonic field with Compton wavelength comparable to the size of the black hole. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the cloud on the orbits of nearby compact objects. In particular, we consider the dynamical friction and the backreaction due to level mixing. Under these interactions, the probability of a black hole dynamically capturing other compact objects, such as stellar mass black holes and neutron stars, is generally enhanced with the presence of the cloud. For extreme mass ratio inspirals and binary stellar mass binary black holes, the cloud-induced orbital modulation may be detected by observing the gravitational waveform using space borne gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA. Interestingly within certain range of boson Compton wavelength, the enhanced capture rate of stellar mass black holes could accelerate hierarchical mergers, with higher-generation merger product being more massive than the mass threshold predicted by supernova pair instability. These observational signatures provide promising ways of searching light bosons with gravitational waves.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2020

The Importance Of Star Formation Intensity In LYα Escape From Green Pea Galaxies And Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs

We have studied ultraviolet images of 40 Green Pea galaxies and 15 local Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs to understand the relation between Ly$α$ photon escape and central UV photometric properties. We measured star formation intensity (SFI, star formation rate per unit area) from the central 250 pc region ($S_{\rm 250pc}$) using COS/NUV images from the \textit{Hubble Space Telescope}. The measured $S_{\rm 250pc}$ of our sample Green Peas ranges from 2.3--46 $M_{\odot} \ \rm{year}^{-1} \ \rm{kpc^{-2}}$, with a geometric mean of $15 M_{\odot} \ \rm{year}^{-1} \ \rm{kpc^{-2}}$ and a standard deviation of 0.266 dex, forming a relatively narrow distribution. The Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs show a similarly narrow distribution of $S_{\rm 250pc}$ (0.271 dex), though with a larger mean of 28 $M_{\odot} \ \rm{year}^{-1} \ \rm{kpc^{-2}}$. We show that while the Ly$α$ equivalent width (EW(Ly$α$)) and the Ly$α$ escape fraction ($f^{Lyα}_{esc}$) are not significantly correlated with the central SFI ($S_{\rm 250pc}$), both are positively correlated with the ratio of surface brightness to galaxy stellar mass ($S_{\rm 250pc}/M_{\rm star}$), with correlation coefficients ($p$-values) of 0.702 ($1\times 10^{-8}$) and 0.529 ($5\times 10^{-4}$) with EW(Ly$α$) and $f^{Lyα}_{esc}$, respectively. These correlations suggest a scenario where intense central star formation can drive a galactic wind in galaxies with relatively shallow gravitational potential wells, thus clearing channels for the escape of Ly$α$ photons.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2020

Quantum correlation of light mediated by gravity

We propose to explore the quantum nature of gravity using the correlation of light between two optomechanical cavities, and the quantumness of the correlation is witnessed by squeezing. As long as the gravity between the end mirrors of two cavities is quantum in the Newtonian limit, we show that the squeezing is always nonzero and monotonically increases as the mechanical property of the mirrors is improved. The proposed scheme provides a new pathway for testing the quantum nature of gravity systematically with tabletop experiments.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

A comprehensive study of H$α$ emitters at $z \sim$ 0.62 in the DAWN survey: the need for deep and wide regions

We present new estimates of the luminosity function (LF) and star formation rate density (SFRD) for an H$α$ selected sample at $z\sim0.62$ from the Deep And Wide Narrow-band (DAWN) survey. Our results are based on a new H$α$ sample in the extended COSMOS region (compared to Coughlin et al. 2018) with the inclusion of flanking fields, resulting in a total area coverage of $\sim$1.5 deg$^2$. A total of 241 H$α$ emitters were selected based on robust selection criteria using spectro-photometric redshifts and broadband color-color classification. We explore the effect of different dust correction prescriptions by calculating the LF and SFRD using a constant dust extinction correction, A{$_{\textrm{H}α}=1$} mag, a luminosity-dependent correction, and a stellar-mass dependent correction. The resulting H$α$ LFs are well fitted using Schechter functions with best-fit parameters: L$^*=10^{42.24}$ erg s$^{-1}$, $ϕ^*=10^{-2.85}$ Mpc$^{-3}$, $α= -1.62$ for constant dust correction, L$^*=10^{42.31}$ erg s$^{-1}$, $ϕ^*=10^{-2.8}$ Mpc$^{-3}$, $α=-1.39$ for luminosity-dependent dust correction, and L$^*=10^{42.36}$ erg s$^{-1}$, $ϕ^*=10^{-2.91}$ Mpc$^{-3}$, $α= -1.48$, for stellar mass-dependent dust correction. The deep and wide nature of the DAWN survey effectively samples H$α$ emitters over a wide range of luminosities, thereby providing better constraints on both the faint and bright end of the LF. Also, the SFRD estimates $ρ_{\textrm{SFR}}=10^{-1.39}$ M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-3}$ (constant dust correction), $ρ_{\textrm{SFR}}=10^{-1.47}$ M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-3}$ (luminosity-dependent dust correction), and $ρ_{\textrm{SFR}}=10^{-1.49}$ M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-3}$ (stellar mass-dependent dust correction) are in good agreement with the evolution of SFRD across redshifts ($0 < z < 2$) seen from previous H$α$ surveys.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2020

A large, deep 3 deg$^2$ survey of H$α$, [OIII], and [OII] emitters from LAGER: constraining luminosity functions

We present our measurements of the H$α$, [OIII], and [OII] luminosity functions as part of the Lyman Alpha Galaxies at Epoch of Reionization (LAGER) survey using our samples of 1577 $z = 0.47$ H$α$-, 3933 $z = 0.93$ [OIII]-, and 5367 $z = 1.59$ [OII]-selected emission line galaxies in a single 3 deg$^2$ CTIO/Blanco DECam pointing of the COSMOS field. Our observations reach 5$σ$ depths of $8.2\times10^{-18}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ and comoving volumes of $(1-7)\times10^{5}$ Mpc$^3$ making our survey one of the deepest narrowband surveys. We measure the observed luminosity functions and find best-fits of $ϕ^\star = 10^{-3.16\pm0.09}$ Mpc$^{-3}$ and $L^\star = 10^{41.72\pm0.09}$ erg s$^{-1}$ for H$α$, $ϕ^\star = 10^{-2.16^{+0.10}_{-0.12}}$ Mpc$^{-3}$ and $L^\star = 10^{41.38^{+0.07}_{-0.06}}$ erg s$^{-1}$ for [OIII], and $ϕ^\star = 10^{-1.97^{+0.07}_{-0.07}}$ Mpc$^{-3}$ and $L^\star = 10^{41.66\pm0.03}$ erg s$^{-1}$ for [OII], with $α$ fixed to $-1.75$, $-1.6$, and $-1.3$, respectively. An excess of bright $> 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$ [OIII] emitters is observed and may be due to AGN contamination. Dust corrections are applied assuming $A_{\rm{H}α} = 1$ mag. We also design our own empirical rest-frame $g - r$ calibration using SDSS DR12 data, test it against our $z = 0.47$ H$α$ emitters with $z$COSMOS $1$D spectra, and calibrate it for $(g - r)$ between $-0.8$ and $1.3$ mag. Dust and AGN-corrected star formation rate densities (SFRDs) are measured as $\log_{10}ρ_{\rm{SFR}}/(\rm{M}_\odot\ \rm{yr}^{-1}\ \rm{Mpc}^{-3}) = -1.63\pm0.04$, $-1.07\pm0.06$, and $-0.90\pm0.10$ for H$α$, [OIII], and [OII], respectively. We find our [OIII] and [OII] samples fully trace cosmic star formation activity at their respective redshifts in comparison to multi-wavelength SFRDs, while the H$α$ sample traces $\sim 70$ percent of the total $z = 0.47$ SFRD.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2019

Experimental observation the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering based on the detection of entanglement

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is an intermediate quantum nonlocality between entanglement and Bell nonlocality, which plays an important role in quantum information processing tasks. In the past few years, the investigations concerning EPR steering have been demonstrated in a series of experiments. However, these studies rely on the relevant steering inequalities and the choices of measurement settings. Here, we experimentally verify the EPR steering via entanglement detection without using any steering inequality and measurement setting. By constructing two new states from a two-qubit target state, we observe the EPR steering by detecting the entanglement of these new states. The results show that the entanglement of the newly constructed states can be regarded as a new kind of steering witness for target states. Compared to the results of Xiao et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 140404 (2017)], we find that the ability of detecting EPR steering in our scenario is stronger than two-setting projective measurements, which can observe more steerable states. Hence, our demonstrations can deepen the understanding of the connection between the EPR steering and entanglement.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2019

Experimental investigation of entropic uncertainty relations and coherence uncertainty relations

Uncertainty relation usually is one of the most important features in quantum mechanics, and is the backbone of quantum theory, which distinguishes from the rule in classical counterpart. Specifically, entropy-based uncertainty relations are of fundamental importance in the region of quantum information theory, offering one nontrivial bound of key rate towards quantum key distribution. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the entropic uncertainty relations and coherence-based uncertainty relations in an all-optics platform. By means of preparing two kinds of bipartite initial states with high fidelity, i.e., Bell-like states and Bell-like diagonal states, we carry on local projective measurements over a complete set of mutually unbiased bases on the measured subsystem. In terms of quantum tomography, the density matrices of the initial states and the post-measurement states are reconstructed. It shows that our experimental results coincide with the theoretical predictions very well. Additionally, we also verify that the lower bounds of both the entropy-based and coherence-based uncertainty can be tightened by imposing the Holevo quantity and mutual information, and the entropic uncertainty is inversely correlated with the coherence. Our demonstrations might offer an insight into their uncertainty relations and their connection to quantum coherence in quantum information science, which might be applicable to the security analysis of quantum key distributions.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2019

The Ly$α$ Luminosity Function and Cosmic Reionization at $z \sim$ 7.0: a Tale of Two LAGER Fields

We present the largest-ever sample of 79 Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z\sim$ 7.0 selected in the COSMOS and CDFS fields of the LAGER project (the Lyman Alpha Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization). Our newly amassed ultradeep narrowband exposure and deeper/wider broadband images have more than doubled the number of LAEs in COSMOS, and we have selected 30 LAEs in the second field CDFS. We detect two large-scale LAE-overdense regions in the COSMOS that are likely protoclusters at the highest redshift to date. We perform injection and recovery simulations to derive the sample incompleteness. We show significant incompleteness comes from blending with foreground sources, which however has not been corrected in LAE luminosity functions in {the} literature. The bright end bump in the Ly$α$ luminosity function in COSMOS is confirmed with 6 (2 newly selected) luminous LAEs (L$_{Lyα}$ $>$ 10$^{43.3}$ erg s$^{-1}$). Interestingly, the bump is absent in CDFS, in which only one luminous LAE is detected. Meanwhile, the faint end luminosity functions from the two fields well agree with each other. The 6 luminous LAEs in COSMOS coincide with 2 LAE-overdense regions, while such regions are not seen in CDFS. The bright-end luminosity function bump could be attributed to ionized bubbles in a patchy reionization. It appears associated with cosmic overdensities, thus supports an inside-out reionization topology at $z$ $\sim$ 7.0, i.e., the high density peaks were ionized earlier compared to the voids. An average neutral hydrogen fraction of $x_{HI}$ $\sim$ 0.2 -- 0.4 is derived at $z\sim$ 7.0 based on the cosmic evolution of the Ly$α$ luminosity function.

astro-ph.GA↗