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Iwan Morton-Blake

Publications and source records attributed to Iwan Morton-Blake.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

Probing Dark Matter annihilation in the Galactic Centre with TRIDENT

We determine the future sensitivity of the TRIDENT neutrino telescope to dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Centre. By applying the full detector design and assuming an NFW halo profile, we show that TRIDENT will probe annihilation cross-section down to $\langleσv\rangle\approx5\times10^{-27}\,{\rm cm}^3\,{\rm s}^{-1}$ for $10\,{\rm TeV}$ dark matter, falling below the thermal freeze-out benchmark. The analysis is carried out with all-flavour neutrino interactions, where we demonstrate that cascade events, primarily due to $ν_{e,τ}$, show greater sensitivity to a dark matter signal compared to the more commonly studied track events. Furthermore, we highlight the impact of a previously overlooked background, Galactic neutrinos produced from interactions between hadronic cosmic rays and interstellar gas. We find dark matter sensitivities are more strongly degraded in the high energy region above $\sim 10\, {\rm TeV}$, with a maximal weakening of approximately a factor of 2. This effect remains smaller than the uncertainty associated with the dark matter density profile but can nonetheless mimic a positive annihilation signal. We contextualise these results with a concrete particle model and show that TRIDENT will be able to probe the most interesting untested parts of parameter space.

hep-ph

Optimising Underwater Neutrino Telescopes for All-Flavour Point Source Sensitivity

High-energy neutrino astronomy has advanced rapidly in recent years, with IceCube, KM3NeT, and Baikal-GVD establishing a diffuse astrophysical flux and pointing to promising source candidates. These achievements mark the transition from first detections to detailed source studies, motivating next-generation detectors with larger volumes, improved angular resolution, and full neutrino-flavour sensitivity. We present a performance study of large underwater neutrino telescopes, taking the proposed TRIDENT array in the South China Sea as a case study, with a focus on comparing the performance of various detector configurations against the TRIDENT baseline design. Both track-like events primarily from muon neutrinos, which provide precise directional information, and cascade events from all flavours, which offer superior energy resolution, diffuse-source sensitivity, and all-sky flavour coverage, are included to achieve a balanced performance across source types. The time to discover potential astrophysical sources with both track- and cascade-like events is used as the figure of merit to compare a variety of detector design choices. Our results show that, for a fixed number of optical modules, simply enlarging the instrumented volume does not inherently lead to improved performance, while taller strings can provide modest gains across all detector channels, within engineering constraints. Distributing dense clusters of strings over a large volume is found to generally worsen discovery potential compared to the baseline layout. Finally, the optical properties of the sea-water emerge as the key factor dictating the optimisation of detector layout, highlighting the need for in-situ measurements and early deployment of optical modules to guide the final array configuration.

astro-ph.IM

Neutron source-based event reconstruction algorithm in large liquid scintillator detectors

We developed an event reconstruction algorithm, applicable to large liquid scintillator detectors, built primarily upon neutron calibration data. We employ a likelihood method using photon detection time and charge information from individual photomultiplier tubes. Detector response tables in the likelihood function were derived from americium-carbon neutron source events, 2.2~MeV $γ$-ray events from cosmic-ray muon spallation neutrons, and laser calibration events. This algorithm can reconstruct the event position, energy, and also has capability to differentiate particle types for events within the energy range of reactor neutrinos. Using the detector simulation of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment as a large liquid scintillator detector example, we demonstrate that the presented reconstruction algorithm has a reconstructed position accuracy within $\pm$4~cm, and a reconstructed energy non-uniformity under 0.5\% throughout the central detector volume. The vertex resolution for positron events at 1~MeV is estimated to be around 9~cm, and the energy resolution is confirmed to be comparable to that in the JUNO official publication. Furthermore, the algorithm can eliminate 80\% (45\%) of $α$-particle (fast-neutron) events while maintaining a positron event selection efficiency of approximately 99\%.

physics.ins-det

A Cost Effective Optimization of the hybrid-DOM Design for TRIDENT

TRIDENT is a planned multi-cubic-kilometer deep-sea neutrino telescope to be built in the South China Sea, designed to rapidly discover high-energy astrophysical neutrino sources with sensitivity to all neutrino flavors. Achieving this at scale requires a detector design that balances performance with power, cost, and mechanical simplicity. This study presents a cost-effective optimization of TRIDENT's hybrid Digital Optical Module (hDOM) design, comparing configurations using high-quantum-efficiency (QE) 3-inch PMTs and larger 4-inch PMTs, the latter evaluated with both baseline and enhanced QE assumptions. Using full-chain detector simulations incorporating site-specific seawater optical properties and realistic backgrounds, we assess performance in all-flavor neutrino detection efficiency, directional reconstruction, and tau neutrino flavor identification from 1 TeV to 10 PeV. We find that if 4-inch PMTs can achieve QE comparable to 3-inch PMTs, their performance matches or improves upon that of the 3-inch design, while significantly reducing channel count, power consumption, and cost. These findings support the 4-inch PMT hDOM as a promising and scalable choice for TRIDENT's future instrumentation.

hep-ex

Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO

The core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is considered one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the supernova (SN) burst presents a unique opportunity for multi-messenger observations of CCSN events. In this study, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector currently under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed to ensure both prompt alert speed and comprehensive coverage of progenitor stars. It incorporates prompt monitors on the electronic board as well as online monitors at the data acquisition stage. Assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system exhibits sensitivity to pre-SN neutrinos up to a distance of approximately 1.6 (0.9) kiloparsecs and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kiloparsecs for a progenitor mass of 30 solar masses, considering both normal and inverted mass ordering scenarios. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by analyzing the accumulated event anisotropy of inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos. This, along with the early alert, can play a crucial role in facilitating follow-up multi-messenger observations of the next galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.

hep-ex

An Alternative Design for Large Scale Liquid Scintillator Detectors

The construction of large-scale liquid scintillator detectors is complicated by the need to separate the scintillation region from photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) due to their intrinsic radioactivity. This is generally done using acrylic or nylon barriers, whose own activity can also lead to substantial reduction of the fiducial detection volume for a number of low energy (MeV) studies, and whose construction becomes increasingly difficult and expensive for larger detector volumes. Here we present an initial simulation study of an alternative geometric construction known as SLIPS (Stratified LIquid Plane Scintillator), which aims to avoid such physical barriers entirely by instead using layers of lipophobic liquids to separate PMTs from the scintillation region.

physics.ins-det