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Jaewon Song

Publications and source records attributed to Jaewon Song.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Enhancement of Supersymmetry via Renormalization Group Flow and the Superconformal Index

We find a four-dimensional N=1 gauge theory which flows to the minimal interacting N=2 superconformal field theory, the Argyres-Douglas theory, in the infrared up to the extra free chiral multiplets. The gauge theory is obtained from a certain N=1 preserving deformation of the N=2 SU(2) gauge theory with four fundamental hypermultiplets. From this description, we compute the full superconformal index and find agreements with the known results in special limits.

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N=1 Deformations and RG Flows of N=2 SCFTs

We study certain N=1 preserving deformations of four-dimensional N=2 superconformal field theories (SCFTs) with non-abelian flavor symmetry. The deformation is described by adding an N=1 chiral multiplet transforming in the adjoint representation of the flavor symmetry with a superpotential coupling, and giving a nilpotent vacuum expectation value to the chiral multiplet which breaks the flavor symmetry. This triggers a renormalization group flow to an infrared SCFT. Remarkably, we find classes of theories flow to enhanced N=2 supersymmetric fixed points in the infrared under the deformation. They include generalized Argyres-Douglas theories and rank-one SCFTs with non-abelian flavor symmetries. Most notably, we find renormalization group flows from the deformed conformal SQCDs to the $(A_1, A_n)$ Argyres-Douglas theories. From these "Lagrangian descriptions," we compute the full superconformal indices of the $(A_1, A_n)$ theories and find agreements with the previous results. Furthermore, we study the cases, including the $T_N$ and $R_{0,N}$ theories of class $\mathcal{S}$ and some of rank-one SCFTs, where the deformation gives genuine N=1 fixed points.

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N=1 Deformations and RG Flows of N=2 SCFTs, Part II: Non-principal deformations

We continue to investigate the $\mathcal{N}=1$ deformations of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) labeled by a nilpotent element of the flavor symmetry. This triggers a renormalization group (RG) flow to an $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFT. We systematically analyze all possible deformations of this type for certain classes of $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs: conformal SQCDs, generalized Argyres-Douglas theories and the $E_6$ SCFT. We find a number of examples where the amount of supersymmetry gets enhanced to $\mathcal{N}=2$ at the end point of the RG flow. Most notably, we find that the $SU(N)$ and $Sp(N)$ conformal SQCDs can be deformed to flow to the Argyres-Douglas (AD) theories of type $(A_1, D_{2N-1})$ and $(A_1, D_{2N})$ respectively. This RG flow therefore allows us to compute the full superconformal index of the $(A_1,D_N)$ class of AD theories. Moreover, we find an infrared duality between $\mathcal{N}=1$ theories where the fixed point is described by an $\mathcal{N}=2$ AD theory. We observe that the classes of examples that exhibit supersymmetry enhancement saturate certain bounds for the central charges implied by the associated two-dimensional chiral algebra.

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New Dualities and Misleading Anomaly Matchings from Outer-automorphism Twists

We study four-dimensional N=1, 2 superconformal theory in class S obtained by compactifying the 6d N=(2, 0) theory on a Riemann surface C with outer-automorphism twist lines. From the pair-of-pants decompositions C we find various dual descriptions for the same theory having distinct gauge groups. We show that the various configurations of the twist line give rise to dual descriptions for the identical theory. We compute the 't Hooft anomaly coefficients and the superconformal indices to test dualities. Surprisingly, we find that the class S theories with twist lines wrapping 1-cycles of C have the identical 't Hooft anomalies as the ones without the twist line, whereas the superconformal indices differ. This provides a set of examples where the anomaly matching is insufficient to test dualities.

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Superconformal indices of generalized Argyres-Douglas theories from 2d TQFT

We study superconformal indices of 4d N=2 class S theories with certain irregular punctures called type $I_{k, N}$. This class of theories include generalized Argyres-Douglas theories of type $(A_{k-1}, A_{N-1})$ and more. We conjecture the superconformal indices in certain simplified limits based on the TQFT structure of the class S theories by writing an expression for the wave function corresponding to the puncture $I_{k, N}$. We write the Schur limit of the wave function when $k$ and $N$ are coprime. When $k=2$, we also conjecture a closed-form expression for the Hall-Littlewood index and the Macdonald index for odd $N$. From the index, we argue that certain short-multiplet which can appear in the OPE of the stress-energy tensor is absent in the $(A_1, A_{2n})$ theory. We also discuss the mixed Schur indices for the N=1 class S theories with irregular punctures.

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$(0, 4)$ dualities

We study a class of two-dimensional ${\cal N}=(0, 4)$ quiver gauge theories that flow to superconformal field theories. We find dualities for the superconformal field theories similar to the 4d ${\cal N}=2$ theories of class ${\cal S}$, labelled by a Riemann surface ${\cal C}$. The dual descriptions arise from various pair-of-pants decompositions, that involves an analog of the $T_N$ theory. Especially, we find the superconformal index of such theories can be written in terms of a topological field theory on ${\cal C}$. We interpret this class of SCFTs as the ones coming from compactifying 6d ${\cal N}=(2, 0)$ theory on $\mathbb{CP}^1 \times {\cal C}$

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Superconformal Index, BPS Monodromy and Chiral Algebras

We show that specializations of the 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal index labeled by an integer $N$ is given by $\textrm{Tr}\,{\cal M}^N$ where ${\cal M}$ is the Kontsevich-Soibelman monodromy operator for BPS states on the Coulomb branch. We provide evidence that the states enumerated by these limits of the index lead to a family of 2d chiral algebras $\mathcal{A}_{N}$. This generalizes the recent results for the $N=-1$ case which corresponds to the Schur limit of the superconformal index. We show that this specialization of the index leads to the same integrand as that of the elliptic genus of compactification of the superconformal theory on $S^2\times T^2$ where we turn on $\frac{1}{2} N$ units of $U(1)_r$ flux on $S^2$.

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Infinitely many N=1 dualities from $m+1-m=1$

We discuss two infinite classes of 4d supersymmetric theories, ${T}_N^{(m)}$ and ${\cal U}_N^{(m)}$, labelled by an arbitrary non-negative integer, $m$. The ${T}_N^{(m)}$ theory arises from the 6d, $A_{N-1}$ type ${\cal N}=(2,0)$ theory reduced on a 3-punctured sphere, with normal bundle given by line bundles of degree $(m+1, -m)$; the $m=0$ case is the ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric $T_N$ theory. The novelty is the negative-degree line bundle. The ${\cal U}_N^{(m)}$ theories likewise arise from the 6d ${\cal N}=(2,0)$ theory on a 4-punctured sphere, and can be regarded as gluing together two (partially Higgsed) ${T}_N^{(m)}$ theories. The ${T}_N^{(m)}$ and ${\cal U}_N^{(m)}$ theories can be represented, in various duality frames, as quiver gauge theories, built from $T_N$ components via gauging and nilpotent Higgsing. We analyze the RG flow of the ${\cal U}_N^{(m)}$ theories, and find that, for all integer $m>0$, they end up at the same IR SCFT as $SU(N)$ SQCD with $2N$ flavors and quartic superpotential. The ${\cal U}_N^{(m)}$ theories can thus be regarded as an infinite set of UV completions, dual to SQCD with $N_f=2N_c$. The ${\cal U}_N^{(m)}$ duals have different duality frame quiver representations, with $2m+1$ gauge nodes.

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Quiver Tails and N=1 SCFTs from M5-branes

We study a class of four-dimensional N=1 superconformal field theories obtained by wrapping M5-branes on a Riemann surface with punctures. We identify UV descriptions of four-dimensional SCFTs corresponding to curves with a class of punctures. The quiver tails appearing in these UV descriptions differ significantly from their N=2 counterpart. We find a new type of object that we call the `Fan'. We show how to construct new N=1 superconformal theories using the Fan. Various dual descriptions for these SCFTs can be identified with different colored pair-of-pants decompositions. For example, we find an N=1 analog of Argyres-Seiberg duality for the SU(N) SQCD with 2N flavors. We also compute anomaly coefficients and superconformal indices for these theories and show that they are invariant under dualities.

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New N=1 Dualities from M5-branes and Outer-automorphism Twists

We generalize recent construction of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFT from wrapping six-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,0)$ theory on a Riemann surface to the case of $D$-type with outer-automorphism twists. This construction allows us to build various dual theories for a class of $\mathcal{N}=1$ quiver theories of $SO-USp$ type. In particular, we find there are five dual frames to $SO(2N)/USp(2N-2)/G_2$ gauge theories with $(4N-4)/4N/8$ fundamental flavors, where three of them are non-Lagrangian. We check the dualities by computing the anomaly coefficients and the superconformal indices. In the process we verify that the index of $D_4$ theory on a certain three punctured sphere with $Z_2$ and $Z_3$ twist lines exhibits the expected symmetry enhancement from $G_2 \times USp(6)$ to $E_7$.

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2d TQFT structure of the superconformal indices with outer-automorphism twists

We study the superconformal indices of 4d theories coming from 6d N=(2,0) theory of type Γon a Riemann surface, with the action of the outer-automorphism σin the trace. We find that the indices are given by the partition function of a deformed 2d Yang-Mills on the Riemann surface with gauge group G which is S-dual to the subgroup of Γfixed by σ. In the 2-parameter deformed version, we find that it is governed not by Macdonald polynomials of type G, but by Macdonald polynomials associated to twisted affine root systems.

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The Seiberg-Witten Kahler Potential as a Two-Sphere Partition Function

Recently it has been shown that the two-sphere partition function of a gauged linear sigma model of a Calabi-Yau manifold yields the exact quantum Kahler potential of the Kahler moduli space of that manifold. Since four-dimensional N=2 gauge theories can be engineered by non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds, this implies that it is possible to obtain exact gauge theory Kahler potentials from two-sphere partition functions. In this paper, we demonstrate that the Seiberg-Witten Kahler potential can indeed be obtained as a two-sphere partition function. To be precise, we extract the quantum Kahler metric of 4D N=2 SU(2) Super-Yang-Mills theory by taking the field theory limit of the Kahler parameters of the O(-2,-2) bundle over P1 x P1. We expect this method of computing the Kahler potential to generalize to other four-dimensional N=2 gauge theories that can be geometrically engineered by toric Calabi-Yau threefolds.

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Counting Exceptional Instantons

We show how to obtain the instanton partition function of N=2 SYM with exceptional gauge group EFG using blow-up recursion relations derived by Nakajima and Yoshioka. We compute the two instanton contribution and match it with the recent proposal for the superconformal index of rank 2 SCFTs with E6, E7 global symmetry.

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Towards a 4d/2d correspondence for Sicilian quivers

We study the 4d/2d AGT correspondence between four-dimensional instanton counting and two-dimensional conformal blocks for generalized SU(2) quiver gauge theories coming from punctured Gaiotto curves of arbitrary genus. We propose a conformal block description that corresponds to the elementary SU(2) trifundamental half-hypermultiplet, and check it against Sp(1)-SO(4) instanton counting.

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From SO/Sp instantons to W-algebra blocks

We study instanton partition functions for N=2 superconformal Sp(1) and SO(4) gauge theories. We find that they agree with the corresponding U(2) instanton partitions functions only after a non-trivial mapping of the microscopic gauge couplings, since the instanton counting involves different renormalization schemes. Geometrically, this mapping relates the Gaiotto curves of the different realizations as double coverings. We then formulate an AGT-type correspondence between Sp(1)/SO(4) instanton partition functions and chiral blocks with an underlying W(2,2)-algebra symmetry. This form of the correspondence eliminates the need to divide out extra U(1) factors. Finally, to check this correspondence for linear quivers, we compute expressions for the Sp(1)-SO(4) half-bifundamental.

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Superconformal Indices for Orbifold Chern-Simons Theories

We calculate the superconformal indices of recently discovered three-dimensional N=4,5 Chern-Simons-matter theories and compare them with the corresponding indices of supergravity on AdS4 times orbifolds of S7. We find perfect agreement in the large N and large k limit, provided that the twisted sector contributions at the fixed loci of the orbifolds are properly taken into account. We also discuss the index for the so-called "dual ABJM" proposal.

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Current Correlators for General Gauge Mediation

In the gauge mediation mechanism, the effects of the hidden sector are characterized by a set of correlation functions of the global symmetry current of the hidden sector. We present methods to compute these correlators in cases with strongly coupled hidden sectors. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the technique explicitly.

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