arXiv subjects

Jan Rusz

Publications and source records attributed to Jan Rusz.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2014

Scattering of electron vortex beams on a magnetic crystal: towards atomic resolution magnetic measurements

Use of electron vortex beams (EVB), that is convergent electron beams carrying an orbital angular momentum (OAM), is a novel development in the field of transmission electron microscopy. They should allow measurement of element-specific magnetic properties of thin crystals using electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD)---a phenomenon similar to the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Recently it has been shown computationally that EVBs can detect magnetic signal in a scanning mode only at atomic resolution. In this follow-up work we explore in detail the elastic and inelastic scattering properties of EVBs on crystals, as a function of beam diameter, initial OAM, acceleration voltage and beam displacement from an atomic column. We suggest that for a 10 nm layer of bcc iron oriented along (001) zone axis an optimal configuration for a detection of EMCD is an EVB with OAM of $1\hbar$ and a diameter of 1.6 Å, acceleration voltage 200 keV and an annular detector with inner and outer diameters of $G$ and $5G$, respectively, where $\mathbf{G}=(100)$.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2012

Parameter-free extraction of EMCD

We present a parameter-free method of extraction of the electron magnetic circular dichroism spectra from energy-filtered diffraction patterns measured on crystalline specimen. The method is based on multivariate curve resolution technique. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it allows extraction of the magnetic signal regardless of the symmetry and orientation of the crystal. In other words, our new method overcomes difficulties caused by complexity of dynamical diffraction effects.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2012

Convergence of the Bloch-waves method

We discuss in detail the Bloch waves method for calculation of energy and orientation dependent scattering cross-section for inelastic scattering of electrons on crystals. Convergence properties are investigated and a new algorithm with superior timing and accuracy is described. The new method is applied to calculations of intensity of weakly excited spots, maps of magnetic signal, and tilt series from zone axis orientation towards three-beam orientation.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2011

Spin and orbital hybridization at specifically nested Fermi surfaces in URu$_2$Si$_2$

The Fermi surface (FS) nesting properties of URu$_2$Si$_2$ are analyzed with particular focus on their implication for the mysterious hidden order phase. We show that there exist two Fermi surfaces that exhibit a strong nesting at the antiferromagnetic wavevector, $\boldsymbol{Q}_0$=(0,\,0,\,1). The corresponding energy dispersions fulfill the relation $ε_{1}(\boldsymbol{k})$=$- ε_{2} (\boldsymbol{k}\pm \boldsymbol{Q}_0)$ at eight FS hotspot lines. The spin-orbital characters of the involved $5f$ states are {\it distinct} ($j_z$=$\pm$5/2 {\it vs.} $\pm$3/2) and hence the degenerate Dirac crossings are symmetry protected in the nonmagnetic normal state. Dynamical symmetry breaking through an Ising-like spin and orbital excitation mode with $Δj_z$=$\pm$1 induces a hybridization of the two states, causing substantial FS gapping. Concomitant spin and orbital currents in the uranium planes give rise to a rotational symmetry breaking.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2009

Influence of plural scattering on the quantitative determination of spin and orbital moments in electron magnetic circular dichroism measurements

Recent quantitative measurements of the orbital to spin magnetic moment ratio $m_L/m_S$ in electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) experiments have given a $m_L/m_S$ ratio that is larger than commonly accepted values. We demonstrate here that plural scattering may noticeably influence the $m_L/m_S$ ratio. An equation is derived which describes its influence as a function of the spectral integrals of the plasmon scattering region and zero-loss peak. The influence of the electron-plasmon scattering can be removed when electron energy-loss spectra of the ionization edge are deconvoluted by the low-loss signal. For a bcc-Fe sample we obtain $m_L/m_S=0.04$ after plasmon removal. We conclude that the plural scattering should be considered when extracting quantitative information from EMCD measurements.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2009

Reciprocal and real space maps for EMCD experiments

Electron magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) is an emerging tool for quantitative measurements of magnetic properties using the transmission electron microscope (TEM), with the possibility of nanometer resolution. The geometrical conditions, data treatment and electron gun settings are found to influence the EMCD signal. In this article, particular care is taken to obtain a reliable quantitative measurement of the ratio of orbital to spin magnetic moment using energy filtered diffraction patterns. For this purpose, we describe a method for data treatment, normalization and selection of mirror axis. The experimental results are supported by theoretical simulations based on dynamical diffraction and density functional theory. Special settings of the electron gun, so called telefocus mode, enable a higher intensity of the electron beam, as well as a reduction of the influence from artifacts on the signal. Using these settings, we demonstrate the principle of acquiring real space maps of the EMCD signal. This enables advanced characterization of magnetic materials with superior spatial resolution.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2008

Pushing the detection limit of Magnetic Circular Dichroism to 2 nm

Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) is a standard technique for the study of magnetic properties of materials in synchrotron beamlines. We present here a new scattering geometry in the Transmission Electron Microscope through which MCD can be observed with unprecedented spatial resolution. A convergent electron beam is used to scan a multilayer Fe/Au sample and record energy loss spectra. Differences in the spectra induced by the magnetic moments of the Fe atoms can be resolved with a resolution of 2 nm. This is a breakthrough achievement when compared both to the previous EMCD resolution (200 nm) or the best XMCD experiments (approx. 20 nm), with an improvement of two and one order of magnitude, respectively.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2007

First principles theory of chiral dichroism in electron microscopy applied to 3d ferromagnets

Recently it was demonstrated (Schattschneider et al., Nature 441 (2006), 486), that an analogue of the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) experiment can be performed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The new phenomenon has been named energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD). In this work we present a detailed ab initio study of the chiral dichroism in the Fe, Co and Ni transition elements. We discuss the methods used for the simulations together with the validity and accuracy of the treatment, which can, in principle, apply to any given crystalline specimen. The dependence of the dichroic signal on the sample thickness, accuracy of the detector position and the size of convergence and collection angles is calculated.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2007

Magnetic circular dichroism in EELS: Towards 10 nm resolution

We describe a new experimental setup for the detection of magnetic circular dichroism with fast electrons (EMCD). As compared to earlier findings the signal is an order of magnitude higher, while the probed area could be significantly reduced, allowing a spatial resolution of the order of 30 nm. A simplified analysis of the experimental results is based on the decomposition of the Mixed Dynamic Form Factor S(q,q',E) into a real part related to the scalar product and an imaginary part related to the vector product of the scattering vectors q and q'. Following the recent detection of chiral electronic transitions in the electron microscope the present experiment is a crucial demonstration of the potential of EMCD for nanoscale investigations.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2006

Cancellation of probe effects in measurements of spin polarized momentum density by electron positron annihilation

Measurements of the two dimensional angular correlation of the electron-positron annihilation radiation have been done in the past to detect the momentum spin density and the Fermi surface. We point out that the momentum spin density and the Fermi Surface of ferromagnetic metals can be revealed within great detail owing to the large cancellation of the electron-positron matrix elements which in paramagnetic multiatomic systems plague the interpretation of the experiments. We prove our conjecture by calculating the momentum spin density and the Fermi surface of the half metal CrO2, who has received large attention due to its possible applications as spintronics material.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗