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Jie Xiao

Publications and source records attributed to Jie Xiao.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
arXiv2021

Longitudinally polarized ZZ scattering at the Muon Collider

Measuring longitudinally polarized vector boson scattering in, e.g., the ZZ channel is a promising way to investigate the unitarization scheme from the Higgs and possible new physics beyond the Standard Model. However, at the LHC, it demands the end of the HL-LHC lifetime luminosity, 3000/fb, and advanced data analysis technique to reach the discovery threshold due to its small production rates. Instead, there could be great potential for future colliders. In this paper, we perform a Monte Carlo study and examine the projected sensitivity of longitudinally polarized ZZ scattering at a TeV scale muon collider. We conduct studies at 14 TeV and 6 TeV muon colliders respectively and find that a 5 standard deviation discovery can be achieved at a 14 TeV muon collider, with 3000/fb of data collected. While a 6 TeV muon collider can already surpass HL-LHC, reaching 2 standard deviations with around 4000/fb of data. The effect from lepton isolation and detector granularity is also discussed, which may be more obvious at higher energy muon colliders, as the leptons from longitudinally polarized Z decays tend to be closer.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2021

Nafion-induced reduction of manganese and its impact on the electrocatalytic properties of a highly active MnFeNi oxide for bifunctional oxygen conversion

Electrocatalysts for bifunctional oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are commonly studied under hydrodynamic conditions, rendering the use of binders necessary to ensure the mechanical stability of the electrode films. The presence of a binder, however, may influence the properties of the materials under examination to an unknown extent. Herein, we investigate the impact of Nafion on a highly active ORR/OER catalyst consisting of MnFeNi oxide nanoparticles supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Electrochemical studies revealed that, in addition to enhancing the mechanical stability and particle connectivity, Nafion poses a major impact on the ORR selectivity, which correlates with a decrease in the valence state of Mn according to X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These findings call for awareness regarding the use of electrode additives, since in some cases the extent of their impact on the properties of electrode films cannot be regarded as negligible.

physics.chem-ph↗
arXiv2021

Integrated Age Estimation Mechanism

Machine-learning-based age estimation has received lots of attention. Traditional age estimation mechanism focuses estimation age error, but ignores that there is a deviation between the estimated age and real age due to disease. Pathological age estimation mechanism the author proposed before introduces age deviation to solve the above problem and improves classification capability of the estimated age significantly. However,it does not consider the age estimation error of the normal control (NC) group and results in a larger error between the estimated age and real age of NC group. Therefore, an integrated age estimation mechanism based on Decision-Level fusion of error and deviation orientation model is proposed to solve the problem.Firstly, the traditional age estimation and pathological age estimation mechanisms are weighted together.Secondly, their optimal weights are obtained by minimizing mean absolute error (MAE) between the estimated age and real age of normal people. In the experimental section, several representative age-related datasets are used for verification of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed age estimation mechanism achieves a good tradeoff effect of age estimation. It not only improves the classification ability of the estimated age, but also reduces the age estimation error of the NC group. In general, the proposed age estimation mechanism is effective. Additionally, the mechanism is a framework mechanism that can be used to construct different specific age estimation algorithms, contributing to relevant research.

cs.CV↗
arXiv2020

The physics case for an electron-muon collider

An electron-muon collider with an asymmetric collision profile targeting multi-ab$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity is proposed. This novel collider, operating at collisions energies of e.g. 20-200 GeV, 50-1000 GeV and 100-3000 GeV, would be able to probe charged lepton flavor violation and measure Higgs boson properties precisely. The collision of an electron and muon beam leads to less physics background compared with either an electron-electron or a muon-muon collider, since electron-muon interactions proceed mostly through higher order vector boson fusion and vector boson scattering processes. The asymmetric collision profile results in collision products that are boosted towards the electron beam side, which can be exploited to reduce beam-induced background from the muon beam to a large extent. With this in mind, one can imagine a lepton collider complex, starting from colliding order 10 GeV electron and muon beams for the first time in history and to probe charged lepton flavor violation, then to be upgraded to a collider with 50-100 GeV electron and 1-3 TeV muon beams to measure Higgs properties and search for new physics, and finally to be transformed to a TeV scale muon muon collider. The cost should vary from order 100 millions to a few billion dollars, corresponding to different stages, which make the funding situation more practical.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2020

Glassy Li Metal Anode for High-Performance Rechargeable Li Batteries

Controlling nanostructure from molecular, crystal lattice to the electrode level remains as arts in practice, where nucleation and growth of the crystals still require more fundamental understanding and precise control to shape the microstructure of metal deposits and their properties. This is vital to achieve dendrite-free Li metal anodes with high electrochemical reversibility for practical high-energy rechargeable Li batteries. Here, cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy was used to capture the dynamic growth and atomic structure of Li metal deposits at the early nucleation stage, in which a phase transition from amorphous, disordered states to a crystalline, ordered one was revealed as a function of current density and deposition time. The real-time atomic interaction over wide spatial and temporal scales was depicted by the reactive-molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the condensation accompanied with the amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition requires sufficient exergy, mobility and time to carry out, contrary to what the classical nucleation theory predicts. These variabilities give rise to different kinetic pathways and temporal evolutions, resulting in various degrees of order and disorder nanostructure in nano-sized domains that dominate in the morphological evolution and reversibility of Li metal electrode. Compared to crystalline Li, amorphous/glassy Li outperforms in cycle life in high-energy rechargeable batteries and is the desired structure to achieve high kinetic stability for long cycle life.

physics.app-ph↗
arXiv2019

A Carleson problem for the Boussinesq operator

In this paper, Theorems 1.1- 1.2 show that the Boussinesq operator $\mathcal{B}_tf$ converges pointwise to its initial data $f\in H^s(\mathbb{R})$ as $t\to 0$ provided $s\geq\frac{1}{4}$ -- more precisely -- on the one hand, by constructing a counterexample in $\mathbb{R}$ we discover that the optimal convergence index $s_{c,1}=\frac14$; on the other hand, we find that the Hausdorff dimension of the disconvergence set for $\mathcal{B}_tf$ is \begin{align*} α_{1,\mathcal{B}}(s)&=\begin{cases} 1-2s&\ \ \text{as}\ \ \frac{1}{4}\leq s\leq\frac{1}{2};\\ 1 &\ \ \text{as}\ \ 0<s<\frac{1}{4}. \end{cases} \end{align*} Moreover, Theorem 1.3 presents a higher dimensional lift of Theorems 1.1- 1.2 under $f$ being radial.

math.CA↗
arXiv2019

Characterization of the soft X-ray spectrometer PEAXIS at BESSY II

The performance of the recently commissioned spectrometer PEAXIS for resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering (RIXS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and its hosting beamline U41-PEAXIS at the BESSY II synchrotron are characterized. The beamline provides linearly polarized light from 180 eV - 1600 eV allowing for RIXS measurements in the range of 200 eV - 1200 eV. The monochromator optics can be operated in different configurations for the benefit of either high flux, providing up to $10^{12}$ photons/s within the focal spot at the sample, or high energy resolution with a full width at half maximum of <40meV at an incident photon energy of ~400 eV. This measured total energy resolution of the RIXS spectrometer is in very good agreement with the theoretically predicted values by ray-tracing simulations. PEAXIS features a 5 m long RIXS spectrometer arm that can be continuously rotated about the sample position by 106° within the horizontal photon scattering plane, thus enabling the study of momentum-transfer-dependent excitations. To demonstrate the instrument capabilities, d-d excitations and magnetic excitations have been measured on single-crystalline NiO. Measurements employing a fluid cell demonstrate the vibrational Progression in liquid acetone. Planned upgrades of the beamline and the RIXS spectrometer that will further increase the energy resolution by 20 - 30% to ~100meV at 1000 eV incident photon energy are discussed.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2019

Intrinsic nature of the Stein-Weiss $H^1$-inequality

This paper explores the intrinsic nature of the celebrated Stein-Weiss $H^1$-inequality $$ \|I_s u\|_{L^\frac{n}{n-s}}\lesssim \|u\|_{L^1}+\|\vec{R}u\|_{L^{1}}=\|u\|_{H^1} $$ through the tracing and duality laws based on Riesz's singular integral operator $I_s$. We discover that $f\in I_s\big([\mathring{H}^{s,1}_{-}]^\ast\big)$ if and only if $\exists\ \vec{g}=(g_1,...,g_n)\in \big(L^\infty\big)^n$ such that $f=\vec{R}\cdot\vec{g}=\sum_{j=1}^n R_jg_j$ in $\mathrm{BMO}$ (the John-Nirenberg space introduced in their 1961 {\it Comm. Pure Appl. Math.} paper \cite{JN}) where $\vec{R}=(R_1,...,R_n)$ is the vector-valued Riesz transform - this characterizes the Riesz transform part $\vec{R}\cdot\big(L^\infty\big)^n$ of Fefferman-Stein's decomposition (established in their 1972 {\it Acta Math} paper \cite{FS}) for $\mathrm{BMO}=L^\infty+\vec{R}\cdot\big(L^\infty\big)^n$ and yet indicates that $I_s\big([\mathring{H}^{s,1}_-]^\ast\big)$ is indeed a solution to Bourgain-Brezis' problem under $n\ge 2$: ``What are the function spaces $X, W^{1,n}\subset X\subset \mathrm{BMO}$, such that every $F\in X$ has a decomposition $F=\sum_{j=1}^n R_j Y_j$ where $Y_j\in L^\infty$?" (posed in their 2003 {\it J. Amer. Math. Soc.} paper \cite{BB}).

math.AP↗
arXiv2019

Fractional Differential Couples by Sharp Inequalities and Duality Equations

This paper presents a highly non-trivial two-fold study of the fractional differential couples - derivatives ($\nabla^{0 n$) inequalities for $\nabla^{0<s<1}_\pm$; the other is to handle the distributional solutions $u$ of the duality equations $[\nabla^{0<s<1}_\pm]^\ast u=μ$ (a nonnegative Radon measure) and $[\nabla^{0<s<1}_\pm]^\ast u=f$ (a Morrey function).

math.AP↗
arXiv2018

On purity theorem of Lusztig's perverse sheaves

Let $Q$ be a finite quiver without loops and $\mathcal{Q}_α$ be the Lusztig category for any dimension vector $α$. The purpose of this paper is to prove that all Frobenius eigenvalues of the $i$-th cohomology $\mathcal{H}^i(\mathcal{L})|_x$ for a simple perverse sheaf $\mathcal{L}\in \mathcal{Q}_α$ and $x\in \mathbb{E}_α^{F^n}=\mathbb{E}_α(\mathbb{F}_{q^n})$ are equal to $(\sqrt{q^n})^{i}$ as a conjecture given by Schiffmann (\cite{Schiffmann2}). As an application, we prove the existence of a class of Hall polynomials.

math.RT↗
arXiv2018

Reducing subspaces for multiplication operators on the Dirichlet space through local inverses and Riemann surface

This paper is devoted to the study of reducing subspaces for multiplication operator $M_ϕ$ on the Dirichlet space with symbol of finite Blaschke product. The reducing subspaces of $M_ϕ$ on the Dirichlet space and Bergman space are related. Our strategy is to use local inverses and Riemann surface to study the reducing subspaces of $M_ϕ$ on the Bergman space, and we discover a new way to study the Riemann surface for $ϕ^{-1}\circϕ$. By this means, we determine the reducing subspaces of $M_ϕ$ on the Dirichlet space when the order of $ϕ$ is $5$; $6$; $7$ and answer some questions of Douglas-Putinar-Wang \cite{DPW12}.

math.FA↗
arXiv2018

Flow with $A_\infty(\mathbb R)$ density and transport equation in $\mathrm{BMO}(\mathbb R)$

We show that, if $b\in L^1(0,T;L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}))$ has spatial derivative in the John-Nirenberg space $\mathrm{BMO}(\mathbb{R})$, then it generalizes a unique flow $ϕ(t,\cdot)$ which has an $A_\infty(\mathbb R)$ density for each time $t\in [0,T]$. Our condition on the map $b$ is optimal and we also get a sharp quantitative estimate for the density. As a natural application we establish a well-posedness for the Cauchy problem of the transport equation in $\mathrm{BMO}(\mathbb R)$.

math.CA↗
arXiv2017

Ringel-Hall algebras beyond their quantum groups I: Restriction functor and Green's formula

In this paper, we generalize the categorifical construction of a quantum group and its canonical basis introduced by Lusztig (\cite{Lusztig,Lusztig2}) to the generic form of the whole Ringel-Hall algebra. We clarify the explicit relation between the Green formula in \cite{Green} and the restriction functor in \cite{Lusztig2}. By a geometric way to prove the Green formula, we show that the Hopf structure of a Ringel-Hall algebra can be categorified under Lusztig's framework.

math.RT↗
arXiv2017

Applications of mutations in the derived categories of weighted projective lines to Lie and quantum algebras

Let $\rm{coh}\mathbb{X}$ be the category of coherent sheaves over a weighted projective line $\mathbb{X}$ and let $D^b(\rm{coh}\mathbb{X})$ be its bounded derived category. The present paper focuses on the study of the right and left mutation functors arising in $D^b(\rm{coh}\mathbb{X})$ attached to certain line bundles. As applications, we first show that these mutation functors give rise to simple reflections for the Weyl group of the star shaped quiver $Q$ associated with $\mathbb{X}$. By further dealing with the Ringel--Hall algebra of $\mathbb{X}$, we show that these functors provide a realization for Tits' automorphisms of the Kac--Moody algebra $\frak{g}_Q$ associated with $Q$, as well as for Lusztig's symmetries of the quantum enveloping algebra of ${\frak g}_Q$.

math.RT↗
arXiv2017

Some jump and variational inequalities for the Calderón commutators and related operators

In this paper, we establish jump and variational inequalities for the Calderón commutators, which are typical examples of non-convolution Calderón-Zygmund operators. For this purpose, we also show jump and variational inequalities for para-products and commutators from pseudo-differential calculus, which are of independent interest. New ingredients in the proofs involve identifying Carleson measures constructed from sequences of stopping times, in addition to many Littlewood-Paley type estimates with gradient.

math.CA↗
arXiv2016

The $\infty$-Besov Capacity Problem

A theory of $\infty$-Besov capacities is developed and several applications are provided. In particular, we solve an open problem in the theory of limits of the $\infty$-Besov semi-norms, we obtain new restriction-extension inequalities and we characterize the point-wise multipliers acting on the $\infty$-Besov spaces.

math.AP↗