arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K. Goeke.
The result for the matrix element A(I=2) = -0.14 F_pi^2 appears to be an artifact of an improper ultraviolet regularization. Paper withdrawn pending resolution of this problem.
We present the QCD analysis of the behavior of quark and gluon distributions in the limit of a large number of colors N_c. We show that the results agree qualitatively with the phenomenological data. In particular we draw attention to the fact that the polarized gluon distribution is suppressed at large N_c compared to the unpolarized one.
We calculate the ratios E2/M1 and C2/M1 for the electroproduction of the $Δ$(1232) in the region of photon virtuality $0<-q^2<1$ GeV$^2$. The magnetic dipole amplitude M1 is also presented. The theory used is the chiral quark-soliton model, which is based in the instanton vaccum of the QCD. The calculations are performed in flavor SU(2) and SU(3) taking rotational ($1/N_c$) corrections into account. The results for the ratios agree qualitatively with the available data, although the magnitude of both ratios seems to underestimate the latest experimental results.
In these short notes we present a parametrization of the results obtained in the chiral quark-soliton model for polarized antiquark distributions $Δ\bar u$, $Δ\bar d$ and $Δ\bar s$ at a low normalization point around mu=0.6 GeV.
We review the technique of heavy quark mass expansion of various operators made of heavy quark fields using a semiclassical approximation. It corresponds to an operator product expansion in the form of series in the inverse heavy quark mass. This technique applied recently to the axial current is used to estimate the charm content of the η, η' mesons and the intrinsic charm contribution to the proton spin. The derivation of heavy quark mass expansion for Qbar γ_5 Q is given here in detail and the expansions of the scalar, vector and tensor current and of a contribution to the energy-momentum tensor are presented as well. The obtained results are used to estimate the intrinsic charm contribution to various observables.
We have calculated the leading order amplitude of hard diffractive electroproduction of two pions in lepton nucleon scattering. At the leading twist level a pion pair can be produced only in an isospin one or zero state. We have shown that isoscalar states are produced dominantly for x_{Bj}>0.3 and with an invariant mass of the two pions close to the threshold (S-wave) and in the f_2 resonance region (D-wave). These isoscalar pion pairs are dominantly produced by two collinear gluons. Comparing the production of charged and neutral pion pairs as a function of x_{Bj} and m_pipi one can get information about the gluonic component of two-pion distribution amplitudes.
In the framework of the chiral quark-soliton model of the nucleon we investigate the properties of the polarized quark distribution. In particular we analyse the so called anomalous difference between the representations of the quark distribution functions in terms of occupied and non-occupied quark states. By an explicit analytical calculation it is shown that this anomaly is absent in the polarized isoscalar distribution Δu + Δd, which is ultaviolet finite. In the case of the polarized isovector quark distribution Δu - Δd the anomaly can be cancelled by a Pauli-Villars subtraction which is also needed for the regularization of the ultraviolet divergence.
Using the recent experimental data on the left right asymmetry in fragmentation of transversely polarized quarks and the theoretical calculation of the proton transversity distribution in the effective chiral quark soliton model we explain the azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive hadron production on longitudinal (HERMES) and transversely (SMC) polarized targets with no free parameters. On this basis we state that the proton transversity distribution could be successfully measured in future DIS experiments with longitudinally polarized target.
We investigate the role of the flavor asymmetry of the nucleon's polarized antiquark distributions in Drell-Yan lepton pair production in polarized nucleon-nucleon collisions at HERA (fixed-target) and RHIC energies. It is shown that the large polarized antiquark flavor asymmetry predicted by model calculations in the large-N_c limit (chiral quark-soliton model) has a dramatic effect on the double spin asymmetries in high mass lepton pair production, as well as on the single spin asymmetries in lepton pair production through $W^\pm$-bosons at $M^2 = M_W^2$.
The $1/N_c$-expansion of QCD suggests large flavor asymmetries of the polarized antiquark distributions in the nucleon. This is confirmed by model calculations in the large-$N_c$ limit (chiral quark-soliton model), which give sizable results for $Δ\bar u (x) - Δ\bar d (x)$ and $Δ\bar u (x) + Δ\bar d (x) - 2 Δ\bar s (x)$. We compute the contributions of these flavor asymmetries to the spin asymmetries in hadron production in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. We show that the large flavor asymmetries predicted by the chiral quark-soliton model are consistent with the recent HERMES data for spin asymmetries in charged hadron production.
We compute the helicity skewed quark distributions $\widetilde{H}$ and $\widetilde{E}$ in the chiral quark-soliton model of the nucleon. This model emphasizes correctly the role of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry in structure of nucleon. It is based on the large-N_c picture of the nucleon as a soliton of the effective chiral lagrangian and allows to calculate the leading twist quark- and antiquark distributions at a low normalization point. We discuss the role of chiral symmetry in the helicity skewed quark distributions $\widetilde{H}$ and $\widetilde{E}$. We show that generalization of soft pion theorems, based on chiral Ward identities, leads in the region of -ξ< x < ξto the pion pole contribution to $\widetilde{E}$ which dominates at small momentum transfer.
The possibility for an observation of a narrow penta-quark $Z^+$ baryon in $NN$ reactions is discussed. It is shown that the $pp{\to}nΣ^+K^+$ reaction at excess energies around 100 MeV above threshold provides optimal conditions for $Z^+$ baryon detection by an analysis of the $nK^+$ invariant mass spectrum, if the $Z^+$ mass is located around 1.5 GeV involving a rather narrow width.
Recently in the context of studies of the intrinsic charm content of the nucleon and of the eta' meson two groups have arrived at different results for the 1/m^3 term of the heavy quark expansion for operator $\bar Qγ_5Q$ differing by the factor of six. We show that the form of both results violates certain general conditions. Using the expression for the axial anomaly with the finite Pauli-Villars regularization we obtain a new expression for 1/m^3 term of the heavy quark expansion for $\bar Qγ_5 Q$. With this new result we obtain an estimate for the constant f_{η'}^{(c)}=-2 MeV.
We summarize recent attempts to calculate the flavor asymmetry of the nucleon's sea quark distributions in the large-$N_c$ limit, where the nucleon can be described as a soliton of an effective chiral theory. We discuss the leading-twist longitudinally polarized and transversity antiquark distributions, $Δ\bar u (x) - Δ\bar d (x)$ and $δ\bar u (x) - δ\bar d (x)$, as well as the unpolarized one, $\bar u (x) - \bar d (x)$, which appears only in the next-to-leading order of the $1/N_c$-expansion. Results for $\bar u (x) - \bar d (x)$ are in good agreement with the recent Drell-Yan data from the FNAL E866 experiment. The longitudinally polarized antiquark asymmetry, $Δ\bar u (x) - Δ\bar d (x)$, is found to be larger than the unpolarized one.
The leading-twist wave functions of the pion and the photon at a low normalization point are calculated in the effective low--energy theory derived from the instanton vacuum. The pion wave function is found to be close to the asymptotic one, consistent with the recent CLEO measurements. The photon wave function is non-zero at the endpoints. This different behavior is a consequence of the momentum dependence of the dynamical quark mass suggested by the instanton vacuum. We comment on the relation of meson wave functions and off-forward parton distributions in this model.
We reconsider canonical quantization of the rotating soliton in the SU(3) Chiral Quark-Soliton Model. We show that at the level of 1/N_c, in contrast to the SU(2) version of the model, there appear terms which spoil the commutation rules of the flavor generators. Terms of similar origin are also present in the expressions for axial couplings and magnetic moments. We investigate the small soliton limit of the model, and require that the results for the physical observables reduce to the ones of the non-relativistic quark model. This procedure allows to identify the troublesome terms. Next, we introduce a symmetry conserving approach by subtracting these terms and discuss numerical predictions obtained that way.
We calculate the isovector (flavor-nonsinglet) unpolarized quark- and antiquark distributions in the nucleon at a low normalization point in the large-N_c limit. The nucleon is described as a soliton of the effective chiral theory. The isovector distribution appears in the next-to-leading order of the 1/N_c-expansion. Numerical results for the quark- and antiquark distributions compare well with the parametrizations of the data at a low normalization point. This large-N_c approach gives a flavor asymmetry of the antiquark distribution (violation of the Gottfried sum rule) in good agreement with the measurements.
We calculate the energy of electroweak sphalerons including one-loop fermionic corrections. This calculation has previously been done by adding the correction to the tree-level sphaleron and interpreting the resulting energy as the 1-loop energy. However, in this paper we calculate the energy by doing a full renormalisation of the parameters on 1-loop-level and redetermining the sphaleron configuration using the full energy functional. When comparing the final result with the tree-level solution we find that the 1-loop calculation will only cause small deviations of the sphaleron energy.