arXiv subjects

K. Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to K. Yoshida.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

First results of a cosmic-ray electron + positron spectrum, from 10 GeV to 3 TeV, is presented based upon observations with the CALET instrument on the ISS starting in October, 2015. Nearly a half million electron + positron events are included in the analysis. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with total vertical thickness of 30 $X_0$ and a fine imaging capability designed to achieve a large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum over 30 GeV can be fit with a single power law with a spectral index of -3.152 $\pm$ 0.016 (stat.+ syst.). Possible structure observed above 100 GeV requires further investigation with increased statistics and refined data analysis.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2017

$I$ in generalized supergravity

We showed in previous work that for homogeneous Yang-Baxter (YB) deformations of AdS$_5\times$S$^5$, the open string metric and coupling, and as a result the closed string density $e^{-2 Φ} \sqrt{g}$, remain undeformed. In this work, in addition to extending these results to the deformation associated with the modified CYBE, or $η$-deformation, we identify the Page forms as the open string counterpart for RR fields and demonstrate case by case that the non-zero Page forms remain invariant under YB deformations. We give a physical meaning to the Killing vector $I$ of generalized supergravity and show for all YB deformations: 1) $I$ appears as a current for center of mass motion on the worldvolume of a D-branes probing the background, 2) $I$ is equal to the divergence of the noncommutativity parameter, 3) $I$ exhibits "holographic" behavior, where the radial component of $I$ vanishes at the AdS boundary, and 4) in pure spinor formalism $I$ is related to a certain state in the BRST cohomology.

hep-th↗

arXiv2017

Examination of the adiabatic approximation for $(d,p)$ reactions

Background: Deuteron-induced one-neutron transfer reactions have been used to extract single-particle properties of nuclei, and the adiabatic (AD) approximation is often used to simply treat the deuteron breakup states. Purpose: The primary goal is to examine the validity of the AD approximation for the ($d,p$) reaction systematically. We clarify also the role of the closed-channels often ignored in the description of breakup reactions. Methods: We calculate the ($d,p$) cross sections with the continuum-discretized coupled-channels method (CDCC) for 128 reactions systems and compare the results with those obtained by the CDCC calculation with the AD approximation. Effect of the closed channels are investigated by ignoring the closed channels in CDCC. Results: The AD approximation affects in general the ($d,p$) cross section by less than 20 %, but some exceptional nonadiabatic cases for which the AD approximation breaks down are found. The closed channels turn out to give significant effects on the cross section at deuteron energies less than about 10 MeV. Conclusions: The use of the AD approximation in the description of the ($d,p$) reaction can be justified in many cases, with the uncertainty of less than about 20 %. The existence of some nonadiabatic cases nevertheless should be realized. The neglect of the closed channels without confirming the convergence of the CDCC result is not recommended.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2017

Missing-mass spectroscopy with the ${}^{6}$Li($π^{-}, K^{+}$)X reaction to search for ${}^{6}_Λ$H

We searched for the bound state of the neutron-rich $Λ$-hypernucleus ${}^{6}_Λ$H, using the ${}^{6}$Li($π^{-}, K^{+}$)X double charge-exchange reaction at a $π^{-}$ beam momentum of 1.2 GeV/c at J-PARC. A total of $1.4 \times 10^{12}$ $π^{-}$ was driven onto a ${}^{6}$Li target of 3.5-g/$\rm cm^2$ thickness. No event was observed below the bound threshold, i.e., the mass of ${}^{4}_Λ$H + 2n, in the missing-mass spectrum of the ${}^{6}$Li($π^{-}, K^{+}$)X reaction in the $2^{\circ}$ < $θ_{πK}$ < $20^{\circ}$ angular range. Furthermore, no event was found up to 2.8 MeV/$c^2$ above the bound threshold. We obtained the the double-differential cross section spectra of the ${}^{6}$Li($π^{-}, K^{+}$)X reaction in the angular range of $2^{\circ}$ < $θ_{πK}$ < $14^{\circ}$. An upper limit of 0.56 nb/sr (90% C.L.) was obtained for the production cross section of the ${}^{6}_Λ$H hypernucleus bound state. In addition, not only the bound state region, but also the $Λ$ continuum region and part of the $Σ^{-}$ quasi-free production region of the ${}^{6}$Li($π^{-}, K^{+}$)X reaction, were obtained with high statistics. The present missing-mass spectrum will facilitate the investigation of the $Σ^{-}$-nucleus optical potential for $Σ^{-}$-${}^{5}$He through spectrum shape analysis.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2016

CALET Upper Limits on X-ray and Gamma-ray Counterparts of GW 151226

We present upper limits in the hard X-ray and gamma-ray bands at the time of the LIGO gravitational-wave event GW 151226 derived from the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) observation. The main instrument of CALET, CALorimeter (CAL), observes gamma-rays from ~1 GeV up to 10 TeV with a field of view of ~2 sr. The CALET gamma-ray burst monitor (CGBM) views ~3 sr and ~2pi sr of the sky in the 7 keV - 1 MeV and the 40 keV - 20 MeV bands, respectively, by using two different scintillator-based instruments. The CGBM covered 32.5% and 49.1% of the GW 151226 sky localization probability in the 7 keV - 1 MeV and 40 keV - 20 MeV bands respectively. We place a 90% upper limit of 2 x 10^{-7} erg cm-2 s-1 in the 1 - 100 GeV band where CAL reaches 15% of the integrated LIGO probability (~1.1 sr). The CGBM 7 sigma upper limits are 1.0 x 10^{-6} erg cm-2 s-1 (7-500 keV) and 1.8 x 10^{-6} erg cm-2 s-1 (50-1000 keV) for one second exposure. Those upper limits correspond to the luminosity of 3-5 x 10^{49} erg s-1 which is significantly lower than typical short GRBs.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2016

Muon polarization in the MEG experiment: predictions and measurements

The MEG experiment makes use of one of the world's most intense low energy muon beams, in order to search for the lepton flavour violating process $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} γ$. We determined the residual beam polarization at the thin stopping target, by measuring the asymmetry of the angular distribution of Michel decay positrons as a function of energy. The initial muon beam polarization at the production is predicted to be $P_μ = -1$ by the Standard Model (SM) with massless neutrinos. We estimated our residual muon polarization to be $P_μ = -0.85 \pm 0.03 ~ {\rm (stat)} ~ { }^{+ 0.04}_{-0.05} ~ {\rm (syst)}$ at the stopping target, which is consistent with the SM predictions when the depolarizing effects occurring during the muon production, propagation and moderation in the target are taken into account. The knowledge of beam polarization is of fundamental importance in order to model the background of our ${\megsign}$ search induced by the muon radiative decay: $μ^{+} \rightarrow {\rm e}^{+} \barν_μ ν_{\rm e} γ$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Measurement of the radiative decay of polarized muons in the MEG experiment

We studied the radiative muon decay $μ^+ \to e^+ν\barνγ$ by using for the first time an almost fully polarized muon source. We identified a large sample (~13000) of these decays in a total sample of 1.8x10^14 positive muon decays collected in the MEG experiment in the years 2009--2010 and measured the branching ratio B($μ^+ \to e^+ν\barνγ$) = (6.03+-0.14(stat.)+-0.53(sys.))x10^-8 for E_e > 45 MeV and E_γ > 40 MeV, consistent with the Standard Model prediction. The precise measurement of this decay mode provides a basic tool for the timing calibration, a normalization channel, and a strong quality check of the complete MEG experiment in the search for $μ^+ \to e^+γ$ process.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emissions in the Vicinity of the HB3 Supernova Remnant

We report the discovery of extended gamma-ray emission measured by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in the region of the supernova remnant (SNR) HB3 (G132.7+1.3) and the W3 HII complex adjacent to the southeast of the remnant. W3 is spatially associated with bright 12CO (J=1-0) emission. The gamma-ray emission is spatially correlated with this gas and the SNR. We discuss the possibility that gamma rays originate in interactions between particles accelerated in the SNR and interstellar gas or radiation fields. The decay of neutral pions produced in nucleon-nucleon interactions between accelerated hadrons and interstellar gas provides a reasonable explanation for the gamma-ray emission. The emission from W3 is consistent with irradiation of the CO clouds by the cosmic rays accelerated in HB3.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2015

Splitting of ISGMR strength in the light-mass nucleus $^{24}$Mg due to ground-state deformation

The isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) strength distribution in $^{24}$Mg has been determined from background-free inelastic scattering of 386-MeV $α$ particles at extreme forward angles, including 0$^{\circ}$. The ISGMR strength distribution has been observed for the first time to have a two-peak structure in a light-mass nucleus. This splitting of ISGMR strength is explained well by microscopic theory in terms of the prolate deformation of the ground state of $^{24}$Mg.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2015

Observation of Lambda H-4 hyperhydrogen by decay-pion spectroscopy in electron scattering

At the Mainz Microtron MAMI, the first high-resolution pion spectroscopy from decays of strange systems was performed by electron scattering off a Be-9 target in order to study the ground-state masses of Lambda-hypernuclei. Positively charged kaons were detected by a short-orbit spectrometer with a broad momentum acceptance at zero degree forward angles with respect to the beam, efficiently tagging the production of strangeness in the target nucleus. In coincidence, negatively charged decay-pions were detected by two independent high-resolution spectrometers. About 10^3 pionic weak decays of hyperfragments and hyperons were observed. The pion momentum distribution shows a monochromatic peak at p_pi ~ 133 MeV/c, corresponding to the unique signature for the two-body decay of hyperhydrogen Lambda H-4 -> He-4 + pi-, stopped inside the target. Its binding energy was determined to be B_Lambda = 2.12 +- 0.01 (stat.) +- 0.09 (syst.) MeV with respect to the H-3 + Lambda mass.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2014

High-resolution search for the $Θ^{+}$ pentaquark via a pion-induced reaction at J-PARC

The pentaquark $Θ^+$ has been searched for via the $π^-p \to K^-X$ reaction with beam momenta of 1.92 and 2.01 GeV/$c$ at J-PARC. A missing mass resolution of 2 MeV (FWHM) was achieved but no sharp peak structure was observed. The upper limits on the production cross section averaged over the scattering angle from 2$^{\circ}$ to 15$^{\circ}$ in the laboratory frame were found to be less than 0.28 $μ$b/sr at the 90\% confidence level for both the 1.92- and 2.01-GeV/$c$ data. The systematic uncertainty of the upper limits was controlled within 10\%. Constraints on the $Θ^+$ decay width were also evaluated with a theoretical calculation using effective Lagrangian. The present result implies that the width should be less than 0.36 and 1.9 MeV for the spin-parity of $1/2^+$ and $1/2^-$, respectively.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2014

Search for $^6_Λ$H hypernucleus by the $^6$Li$(π^-,K^+)$ reaction at $p_{π^-}$ = 1.2 GeV/$c$

We have carried out an experiment to search for a neutron-rich hypernucleus, $^6_Λ$H, by the $^6$Li($π^-,K^+$) reaction at $p_{π^-}$ =1.2 GeV/$c$. The obtained missing mass spectrum with an estimated energy resolution of 3.2 MeV (FWHM) showed no peak structure corresponding to the $^6_Λ$H hypernucleus neither below nor above the $^4_Λ$H$+2n$ particle decay threshold. An upper limit of the production cross section for the bound $^6_Λ$H hypernucleus was estimated to be 1.2 nb/sr at 90% confidence level.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2014

Quadrupole shape dynamics in view from a theory of large amplitude collective motion

Low-lying quadrupole shape dynamics is a typical manifestation of large amplitude collective motion in finite nuclei. To describe the dynamics on a microscopic foundation, we have formulated a consistent scheme in which the Bohr collective Hamiltonian for the five dimensional quadrupole shape variables is derived on the basis of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory. It enables us to incorporates the Thouless-Valatin effect on the shape inertial functions, which has been neglected in previous microscopic Bohr Hamiltonian approaches. Quantitative successes are illustrated for the low-lying spectra in $^{68}$Se, $^{30-34}$Mg and $^{58-64}$Cr, which display shape-coexistence, -mixing and -transitional behaviors.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2013

Development of Parallel Plate Avalanche Counter PPAC for BigRIPS fragment separator

We have developed a position-sensitive Parallel Plate Avalanche Counter (PPAC), which has been used as a focal plane detector in the BigRIPS fragment separator and the subsequent RI-beam delivery lines at the RIKEN Nishina Center RI Beam Factory. The PPAC detector plays an important role not only in the tuning of the separator and delivery lines but also in the particle identification of rare isotope (RI) beams. The PPAC detector has a sensitive area of 240 mm x 150 mm, and the position information is obtained by a delay-line readout method. Being called double PPAC, it is composed of two full PPACs, each measuring the particle locus in two dimensions. High detection efficiency has been made possible by the twofold measurement using the double PPAC detector. The sensitivity uniformity is also found to be excellent. The root-mean-square position resolution is measured to be 0.25 mm using an alpha source, while the position linearity is as good as +/-0.1 mm for the detector size of 240 mm. Characteristics, operating principles, specifications, performance and issues of the PPAC detector are presented, including its signal transmission system using optical fiber cables.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2013

Production cross section measurements of radioactive isotopes by BigRIPS separator at RIKEN RI Beam Factory

We have measured the production rates and production cross sections for a variety of radioactive isotopes which were produced from 124Xe, 48Ca, and 238U beams at an energy of 345 MeV/nucleon using the BigRIPS separator at the RIKEN Nishina Center RI Beam Factory (RIBF). Proton-rich isotopes with atomic numbers Z = 40 to 52 and neutron-rich isotopes with Z = 5 to 16 were produced by projectile fragmentation of the 124Xe and 48Ca beam on Be targets, respectively. Neutron-rich isotopes with Z = 20 to 59 were produced by in-flight fission of the 238U beam, in which both Be and Pb were used as production targets. The measured production rates and production cross sections were compared with those of the LISE++ calculations, and overall fairly good agreement has been obtained. Furthermore, in the measurements with the 124Xe beam, we have discovered four new isotopes on the proton-drip line, 85,86Ru and 81,82Mo, and obtained the clear evidence that 103Sb is particle unbound with an upper limit of 49 ns for the half-life. The measurements of projectile-fragment momentum distributions have been also performed with the 124Xe beam, in which the low-momentum tails of the distributions have been measured for the first time at the energy of 345 MeV/nucleon.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2013

Hypernuclear spectroscopy of products from 6Li projectiles on a carbon target at 2 AGeV

A novel experiment, aiming at demonstrating the feasibility of hypernuclear spectroscopy with heavy-ion beams, was conducted. Using the invariant mass method, the spectroscopy of hypernuclear products of 6Li projectiles on a carbon target at 2 AGeV was performed. Signals of the Λ-hyperon and 3ΛH and 4ΛH hypernuclei were observed for final states of p+π^-, 3He+π^- and 4He+π^-, respectively, with significance values of 6.7, 4.7 and 4.9σ. By analyzing the proper decay time from secondary vertex distribution with the unbinned maximum likelihood fitting method, their lifetime values were deduced to be $262 ^{+56}_{-43} \pm 45$ ps for Λ, $183 ^{+42}_{-32} \pm 37$ ps for 3ΛH, and $140 ^{+48}_{-33}\pm 35 $ ps for 4ΛH.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2012

Observation of new microsecond isomers among fission products of 345 MeV/nucleon 238U

A search for isomeric gamma-decays among fission fragments from 345 MeV/nucleon 238U has been performed at the RIKEN Nishina Center RI Beam Factory. Fission fragments were selected and identified using the superconducting in-flight separator BigRIPS and were implanted in an aluminum stopper. Delayed gamma-rays were detected using three clover-type high-purity germanium detectors located at the focal plane within a time window of 20 microseconds following the implantation. We identified a total of 54 microsecond isomers with half-lives of ~0.1 - 10 microseconds, including discovery of 18 new isomers in very neutron-rich nuclei: 59Tim, 90Asm, 92Sem, 93Sem, 94Brm, 95Brm, 96Brm, 97Rbm, 108Nbm, 109Mom, 117Rum, 119Rum, 120Rhm, 122Rhm, 121Pdm, 124Pdm, 124Agm and 126Agm, and obtained a wealth of spectroscopic information such as half-lives, gamma-ray energies, gamma-ray relative intensities and gamma-gamma coincidences over a wide range of neutron-rich exotic nuclei. Proposed level schemes are presented for 59Tim, 82Gam, 92Brm, 94Brm, 95Brm, 97Rbm, 98Rbm, 108Nbm, 108Zrm, 109Mom, 117Rum, 119Rum, 120Rhm, 122Rhm, 121Pdm, 124Agm and 125Agm, based on the obtained spectroscopic information and the systematics in neighboring nuclei. Nature of the nuclear isomerism is discussed in relation to evolution of nuclear structure.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2012

Atmospheric Electron Spectrum above 30 GeV at the high altitude

We have observed the primary electron spectrum from 30 GeV to 3 TeV using emulsion chambers flown by balloons at the top of the atmosphere, for the purpose of exploring the origin of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. The atmospheric gamma rays have been simultaneously observed in the 30 GeV $\sim$ 8 TeV energy range. In this paper, we estimate the atmospheric electron spectrum in the upper atmosphere ($<$ 10 ${\rm g/cm^2}$) from our observed gamma-ray spectrum using the electromagnetic shower theory in order to derive the primary cosmic-ray electron spectrum. The transport equations of the electron and gamma-ray spectrum are analytically solved and the results are compared with those of Monte Carlo simulation (MC). Since we used the observed atmospheric gamma rays as the source of atmospheric electrons, our solutions are free from ambiguities on the primary cosmic-ray nuclear spectra and nuclear interaction models included in MC. In the energy range above several hundred GeV, the Dalitz electrons produced directly from neutral pions contribute around 10 percent to the whole atmospheric electron spectrum at the depth of 4 ${\rm g/cm^2}$, which increases in importance at the higher altitude and cannot be ignored in TeV electron balloon observations.

astro-ph.HE↗