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Karl Schwede

Publications and source records attributed to Karl Schwede.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
arXiv2017

The dualizing complex of $F$-injective and Du Bois singularities

Let $(R,m,k)$ be an excellent local ring of equal characteristic. Let $j$ be a positive integer such that $H_m^i(R)$ has finite length for every $0\leq i 0$ or Du Bois in characteristic $0$, then the truncated dualizing complex $τ_{>-j}ω_R^\bullet$ is quasi-isomorphic to a complex of $k$-vector spaces. As a consequence, $F$-injective or Du Bois singularities with isolated non-Cohen-Macaulay locus are Buchsbaum. Moreover, when $R$ has $F$-rational or rational singularities on the punctured spectrum, we obtain stronger results.

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arXiv2017

Local cohomology of Du Bois singularities and applications to families

In this paper we study the local cohomology modules of Du Bois singularities. Let $(R,m)$ be a local ring, we prove that if $R_{red}$ is Du Bois, then $H_m^i(R)\to H_m^i(R_{red})$ is surjective for every $i$. We find many applications of this result. For example we answer a question of Kovács and the second author on the Cohen-Macaulay property of Du Bois singularities. We obtain results on the injectivity of $Ext$ that provide substantial partial answers of questions of Eisenbud-Mustata-Stillman in characteristic $0$, and these results can be viewed as generalizations of the Kodaira vanishing theorem for Cohen-Macaulay Du Bois varieties. We prove results on the set-theoretic Cohen-Macaulayness of the defining ideal of Du Bois singularities, which are characteristic $0$ analog of results of Singh-Walther and answer some of their questions. We extend results of Hochster-Roberts on the relation between Koszul cohomology and local cohomology for $F$-injective and Du Bois singularities, see Hochster-Roberts. We also prove that singularities of dense $F$-injective type deform.

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arXiv2017

Discreteness of $F$-jumping numbers at isolated non-Q-Gorenstein points

We show that the $F$-jumping numbers of a pair $(X, \mathfrak a)$ in positive characteristic have no limit points whenever the symbolic Rees algebra of $-K_X$ is finitely generated outside an isolated collection of points. We also give a characteristic zero version of this result, as well as a generalization of the Hartshorne-Speiser-Lyubeznik-Gabber stabilization theorem describing the non-$F$-pure locus of a variety.

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arXiv2017

Positive characteristic algebraic geometry

These are notes for the Bootcamp volume for the 2015 AMS Summer Institute in Algebraic Geometry. They are based on earlier notes for the "Positive Characteristic Algebraic Geometry Workshop" held at University of Illinois at Chicago in March 2014.

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arXiv2016

Étale fundamental groups of strongly $F$-regular schemes

We prove that a strongly $F$-regular scheme $X$ admits a finite, generically Galois, and étale-in-codimension-one cover $\widetilde X \to X$ such that the étale fundamental groups of $\widetilde X$ and $\widetilde X_{reg}$ agree. Equivalently, every finite étale cover of $\widetilde X_{reg}$ extends to a finite étale cover of $\widetilde X$. This is analogous to a result for complex klt varieties by Greb, Kebekus and Peternell.

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arXiv2016

Fundamental groups of $F$-regular singularities via $F$-signature

We prove that the local etale fundamental group of a strongly $F$-regular singularity is finite (and likewise for the étale fundamental group of the complement of a codimension $\geq 2$ set), analogous to results of Xu and Greb-Kebekus-Peternell for KLT singularities in characteristic zero. In fact our result is effective, we show that the reciprocal of the $F$-signature of the singularity gives a bound on the size of this fundamental group. To prove these results and their corollaries, we develop new transformation rules for the $F$-signature under finite etale-in-codimension-one extensions. As another consequence of these transformation rules, we also obtain purity of the branch locus over rings with mild singularities (particularly if the $F$-signature is $> 1/2$). Finally, we generalize our $F$-signature transformation rules to the context of pairs and not-necessarily etale-in-codimension-one extensions, obtaining an analog of another result of Xu.

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arXiv2016

The $F$-different and a canonical bundle formula

We study the structure of Frobenius splittings (and generalizations thereof) induced on compatible subvarieties $W \subseteq X$. In particular, if the compatible splitting comes from a compatible splitting of a divisor on some birational model $E \subseteq X' \to X$ (ie, this is a log canonical center), then we show that the divisor corresponding to the splitting on $W$ is bounded below by the divisorial part of the different as studied by Kawamata, Shokurov, Ambro and others. We also show that difference between the divisor associated to the splitting and the divisorial part of the different is largely governed by the (non-)Frobenius splitting of fibers of $E \to W$. In doing this analysis, we recover an $F$-canonical bundle formula by reinterpretting techniques common in the theory of Frobenius splittings.

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arXiv2016

Inversion of adjunction for rational and Du Bois pairs

We prove several results about the behavior Du Bois singularities and Du Bois pairs in families. Some of these generalize existing statements about Du Bois singularities to the pair setting while others are new even in the non-pair setting. We also prove a new inversion of adjunction result for Du Bois and rational pairs. In the non-pair setting this asserts that if a family over a smooth base has a special fiber $X_0$ with Du Bois singularities and the general fiber has rational singularities, then the total space has rational singularities near $X_0$.

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arXiv2016

On the behavior of singularities at the $F$-pure threshold

We provide a family of examples where the $F$-pure threshold and the log canonical threshold of a polynomial are different, but where $p$ does not divide the denominator of the $F$-pure threshold (compare with an example of \mustata-Takagi-Watanabe). We then study the $F$-signature function in the case where either the $F$-pure threshold and log canonical threshold coincide or where $p$ does not divide the denominator of the $F$-pure threshold. We show that the $F$-signature function behaves similarly in those two cases. Finally, we include an appendix which shows that the test ideal can still behave in surprising ways even when the $F$-pure threshold and log canonical threshold coincide.

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arXiv2016

Test ideals in rings with finitely generated anti-canonical algebras

Many results are known about test ideals and $F$-singularities for ${\bf Q}$-Gorenstein rings. In this paper we generalize many of these results to the case when the symbolic Rees algebra $O_X \oplus O_X(-K_X) \oplus O_X(-2K_X) \oplus ...$ is finitely generated (or more generally, in the log setting for $-K_X - Δ$). In particular, we show that the $F$-jumping numbers of $τ(X, a^t)$ are discrete and rational. We show that test ideals $τ(X)$ can be described by alterations as in Blickle-Schwede-Tucker (and hence show that splinters are strongly $F$-regular in this setting -- recovering a result of Singh). We demonstrate that multiplier ideals reduce to test ideals under reduction modulo $p$ when the symbolic Rees algebra is finitely generated. We prove that Hartshorne-Speiser-Lyubeznik-Gabber type stabilization still holds. We also show that test ideals satisfy global generation properties in this setting.

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arXiv2016

The weak ordinarity conjecture and $F$-singularities

Recently M. Mustata and V. Srinivas related a natural conjecture about the Frobenius action on the cohomology of the structure sheaf after reduction to characteristic $p > 0$ with another conjecture connecting multiplier ideals and test ideals. We generalize this relation to the case of singular ambient varieties. Additionally, we connect these results to a conjecture relating $F$-injective and Du Bois singularities. Finally, using an unpublished result of Gabber, we also show that $F$-injective and Du Bois singularities have a common definition in terms of smooth hypercovers.

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arXiv2014

Uniform bounds for strongly $F$-regular surfaces

We show that if $(X,B)$ is a two dimensional Kawamata log terminal pair defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p$, and $p$ is sufficiently large, depending only on the coefficients of $B$, then $(X,B)$ is also strongly $F$-regular.

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arXiv2014

F-singularities via alterations

For a normal F-finite variety $X$ and a boundary divisor $Δ$ we give a uniform description of an ideal which in characteristic zero yields the multiplier ideal, and in positive characteristic the test ideal of the pair $(X,Δ)$. Our description is in terms of regular alterations over $X$, and one consequence of it is a common characterization of rational singularities (in characteristic zero) and F-rational singularities (in characteristic $p$) by the surjectivity of the trace map $π_* ω_Y \to ω_X$ for every such alteration $π\: Y \to X$. Furthermore, building on work of B. Bhatt, we establish up-to-finite-map versions of Grauert-Riemenscheneider and Nadel/Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing theorems in the characteristic $p$ setting without assuming $W2$ lifting, and show that these are strong enough in some applications to extend sections.

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arXiv2014

Test ideals of non-principal ideals: Computations, Jumping Numbers, Alterations and Division Theorems

Given an ideal $a \subseteq R$ in a (log) $Q$-Gorenstein $F$-finite ring of characteristic $p > 0$, we study and provide a new perspective on the test ideal $τ(R, a^t)$ for a real number $t > 0$. Generalizing a number of known results from the principal case, we show how to effectively compute the test ideal and also describe $τ(R, a^t)$ using (regular) alterations with a formula analogous to that of multiplier ideals in characteristic zero. We further prove that the $F$-jumping numbers of $τ(R, a^t)$ as $t$ varies are rational and have no limit points, including the important case where $R$ is a formal power series ring. Additionally, we obtain a global division theorem for test ideals related to results of Ein and Lazarsfeld from characteristic zero, and also recover a new proof of Skoda's theorem for test ideals which directly mimics the proof for multiplier ideals.

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arXiv2013

On the numerical dimension of pseudo-effective divisors in positive characteristic

Let X be a smooth projective variety over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. We prove that if D is a pseudo-effective R-divisor on X which is not numerically equivalent to the negative part in its divisorial Zariski decomposition, then the numerical dimension of D is positive. In characteristic zero, this was proved by Nakayama using vanishing theorems.

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arXiv2013

Rings of Frobenius operators

Let R be a local ring of prime characteristic. We study the ring of Frobenius operators F(E), where E is the injective hull of the residue field of R. In particular, we examine the finite generation of F(E) over its degree zero component, and show that F(E) need not be finitely generated when R is a determinantal ring; nonetheless, we obtain concrete descriptions of F(E) in good generality that we use, for example, to prove the discreteness of F-jumping numbers for arbitrary ideals in determinantal rings.

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arXiv2013

A dual to tight closure theory

We introduce an operation on modules over an $F$-finite ring of characteristic $p$. We call this operation \emph{tight interior}. While it exists more generally, in some cases this operation is equivalent to the Matlis dual of tight closure. Moreover, the interior of the ring itself is simply the big test ideal. We directly prove, without appeal to tight closure, results analogous to persistence, colon capturing, and working modulo minimal primes, and we begin to develop a theory dual to phantom homology. Using our dual notion of persistence, we obtain new and interesting transformation rules for tight interior, and so in particular for the test ideal, which complement the main results of a recent paper of the second author and K. Tucker. Using our theory of phantom homology, we prove a vanishing theorem for maps of Ext. We also compare our theory to M. Blickle's notion of Cartier modules, and in the process, we prove new existence results for Blickle's test submodule. Finally, we apply the theory we developed to the study of test ideals in non-normal rings, proving that the finitistic test ideal coincides with the big test ideal in some cases.

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