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Karl Schwede

Publications and source records attributed to Karl Schwede.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Depth of $F$-singularities and base change of relative canonical sheaves

For a characteristic $p > 0$ variety $X$ with controlled $F$-singularities, we state conditions which imply that a divisorial sheaf is Cohen-Macaulay or at least has depth $\geq 3$ at certain points. This mirrors results of Kollár for varieties in characteristic zero. As an application, we show that that relative canonical sheaves are compatible with arbitrary base change for certain families with sharply $F$-pure fibers.

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Bertini theorems for F-singularities

We prove that strongly F-regular and F-pure singularities satisfy Bertini-type theorems (including in the context of pairs) by building upon a framework of Cumino, Greco and Manaresi (compare with the work of Jouanolou and Spreafico). We also prove that F-injective singularities fail to satisfy even the most basic Bertini-type results.

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Richardson Varieties Have Kawamata Log Terminal Singularities

Let $X^v_w$ be a Richardson variety in the full flag variety $X$ associated to a symmetrizable Kac-Moody group $G$. Recall that $X^v_w$ is the intersection of the finite dimensional Schubert variety $X_w$ with the finite codimensional opposite Schubert variety $X^v$. We give an explicit $\bQ$-divisor $Δ$ on $X^v_w$ and prove that the pair $(X^v_w, Δ)$ has Kawamata log terminal singularities. In fact, $-K_{X^v_w} - Δ$ is ample, which additionally proves that $(X^v_w, Δ)$ is log Fano. We first give a proof of our result in the finite case (i.e., in the case when $G$ is a finite dimensional semisimple group) by a careful analysis of an explicit resolution of singularities of $X^v_w$ (similar to the BSDH resolution of the Schubert varieties). In the general Kac-Moody case, in the absence of an explicit resolution of $X^v_w$ as above, we give a proof that relies on the Frobenius splitting methods. In particular, we use Mathieu's result asserting that the Richardson varieties are Frobenius split, and combine it with a result of N. Hara and K.-I. Watanabe relating Frobenius splittings with log canonical singularities.

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F-signature of pairs and the asymptotic behavior of Frobenius splittings

We generalize $F$-signature to pairs $(R,D)$ where $D$ is a Cartier subalgebra on $R$ as defined by the first two authors. In particular, we show the existence and positivity of the $F$-signature for any strongly $F$-regular pair. In one application, we answer an open question of I. Aberbach and F. Enescu by showing that the $F$-splitting ratio of an arbitrary $F$-pure local ring is strictly positive. Furthermore, we derive effective methods for computing the $F$-signature and the $F$-splitting ratio in the spirit of the work of R. Fedder.

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F-signature of pairs: Continuity, p-fractals and minimal log discrepancies

This paper contains a number of observations on the {$F$-signature} of triples $(R,Δ,\ba^t)$ introduced in our previous joint work. We first show that the $F$-signature $s(R,Δ,\ba^t)$ is continuous as a function of $t$, and for principal ideals $\ba$ even convex. We then further deduce, for fixed $t$, that the $F$-signature is lower semi-continuous as a function on $\Spec R$ when $R$ is regular and $\ba$ is principal. We also point out the close relationship of the signature function in this setting to the works of Monsky and Teixeira on Hilbert-Kunz multiplicity and $p$-fractals. Finally, we conclude by showing that the minimal log discrepancy of an arbitrary triple $(R,Δ,\ba^t)$ is an upper bound for the $F$-signature.

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A canonical linear system associated to adjoint divisors in characteristic $p > 0$

Suppose that $X$ is a projective variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p > 0$. Further suppose that $L$ is an ample (or more generally in some sense positive) divisor. We study a natural linear system in $|K_X + L|$. We further generalize this to incorporate a boundary divisor $Δ$. We show that these subsystems behave like the global sections associated to multiplier ideals, $H^0(X, \mJ(X, Δ) \tensor L)$ in characteristic zero. In particular, we show that these systems are in many cases base-point-free. While the original proof utilized Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing and variants of multiplier ideals, our proof uses test ideals.

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Du Bois singularities deform

Let $X$ be a variety and $H$ a Cartier divisor on $X$. We prove that if $H$ has Du Bois (or DB) singularities, then $X$ has Du Bois singularities near $H$. As a consequence, if $X \to S$ is a family over a smooth curve $S$ whose special fiber has Du Bois singularities, then the nearby fibers also have Du Bois singularities. We prove this by obtaining an injectivity theorem for certain maps of canonical modules. As a consequence, we also obtain a restriction theorem for certain non-lc ideals.

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$p^{-1}$-linear maps in algebra and geometry

In this article we survey the basic properties of $p^{-e}$-linear endomorphisms of coherent $Ø_X$-modules, i.e. of $Ø_X$-linear maps $F_* \sF \to \sG$ where $\sF,\sG$ are $Ø_X$-modules and $F$ is the Frobenius of a variety of finite type over a perfect field of characteristic $p > 0$. We emphasize their relevance to commutative algebra, local cohomology and the theory of test ideals on the one hand, and global geometric applications to vanishing theorems and lifting of sections on the other.

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Cartier modules on toric varieties

Assume that $X$ is an affine toric variety of characteristic $p > 0$. Let $Δ$ be an effective toric $Q$-divisor such that $K_X+Δ$ is $Q$-Cartier with index not divisible by $p$ and let $ϕ_Δ:F^e_* O_X \to O_X$ be the toric map corresponding to $Δ$. We identify all ideals $I$ of $O_X$ with $ϕ_Δ(F^e_* I)=I$ combinatorially and also in terms of a log resolution (giving us a version of these ideals which can be defined in characteristic zero). Moreover, given a toric ideal $\ba$, we identify all ideals $I$ fixed by the Cartier algebra generated by $ϕ_Δ$ and $\ba$; this answers a question by Manuel Blickle in the toric setting.

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A Frobenius variant of Seshadri constants

We define and study a version of Seshadri constant for ample line bundles in positive characteristic. We prove that lower bounds for this constant imply the global generation or very ampleness of the corresponding adjoint line bundle. As a consequence, we deduce that the criterion for global generation and very ampleness of adjoint line bundles in terms of usual Seshadri constants holds also in positive characteristic.

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An algorithm for computing compatibly Frobenius split subvarieties

Let $R$ be a ring of prime characteristic $p$, and let $F^e_* R$ denote $R$ viewed as an $R$-module via the $e$th iterated Frobenius map. Given a surjective map $ϕ: F^e_* R \to R$ (for example a Frobenius splitting), we exhibit an algorithm which produces all the $ϕ$-compatible ideals. We also explore a variant of this algorithm under the hypothesis that $ϕ$ is not necessarily a Frobenius splitting (or even surjective). This algorithm, and the original, have been implemented in Macaulay2.

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Explicitly Extending Frobenius Splittings over Finite Maps

Suppose that $π\: Y \to X$ is a finite map of normal varieties over a perfect field of characteristic $p > 0$. Previous work of the authors gave a criterion for when Frobenius splittings on $X$ (or more generally any $p^{-e}$-linear map) extend to $Y$. In this paper we give an alternate and highly explicit proof of this criterion (checking term by term) when $π$ is tamely ramified in codimension 1. Some additional examples are also explored.

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On the behavior of test ideals under finite morphisms

We derive transformation rules for test ideals and $F$-singularities under an arbitrary finite surjective morphism $π: Y \to X$ of normal varieties in prime characteristic $p > 0$. The main technique is to relate homomorphisms $F_{*} O_{X} \to O_{X}$, such as Frobenius splittings, to homomorphisms $F_{*} O_{Y} \to O_{Y}$. In the simplest cases, these rules mirror transformation rules for multiplier ideals in characteristic zero. As a corollary, we deduce sufficient conditions which imply that trace is surjective, i.e. $Tr_{Y/X}(π_{*}O_{Y}) = O_{X}$.

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Test ideals via a single alteration and discreteness and rationality of $F$-jumping numbers

Suppose $(X, Δ)$ is a log-$\bQ$-Gorenstein pair. Recent work of M. Blickle and the first two authors gives a uniform description of the multiplier ideal $\mJ(X;Δ)$ (in characteristic zero) and the test ideal $τ(X;Δ)$ (in characteristic $p > 0$) via regular alterations. While in general the alteration required depends heavily on $Δ$, for a fixed Cartier divisor $D$ on $X$ it is straightforward to find a single alteration (e.g. a log resolution) computing $\mJ(X; Δ+ λD)$ for all $λ\geq 0$. In this paper, we show the analogous statement in positive characteristic: there exists a single regular alteration computing $τ(X; Δ+ λD)$ for all $λ\geq 0$. Along the way, we also prove the discreteness and rationality for the $F$-jumping numbers of $τ(X; Δ+ λD)$ for $λ\geq 0$ where the index of $K_X + Δ$ is arbitrary (and may be divisible by the characteristic).

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Semi-log canonical vs $F$-pure singularities

If $X$ is Frobenius split, then so is its normalization and we explore conditions which imply the converse. To do this, we recall that given an $\mathcal{O}_X$-linear map $ϕ: F_* \mathcal{O}_X \to \mathcal{O}_X$, it always extends to a map $\barϕ$ on the normalization of $X$. In this paper, we study when the surjectivity of $\barϕ$ implies the surjectivity of $ϕ$. While this doesn't occur generally, we show it always happens if certain tameness conditions are satisfied for the normalization map. Our result has geometric consequences including a connection between $F$-pure singularities and semi-log canonical singularities, and a more familiar version of the ($F$-)inversion of adjunction formula.

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A survey of test ideals

Test ideals were first introduced by Mel Hochster and Craig Huneke in their celebrated theory of tight closure, and since their invention have been closely tied to the theory of Frobenius splittings. Subsequently, test ideals have also found application far beyond their original scope to questions arising in complex analytic geometry. In this paper we give a contemporary survey of test ideals and their wide-ranging applications.

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Supplements to non-lc ideal sheaves

We consider various definitions of non-lc ideal sheaves -- generalizations of the multiplier ideal sheaf which define the non-lc (non-log canonical) locus. We introduce the maximal non-lc ideal sheaf and intermediate non-lc ideal sheaves and consider the restriction theorem for these ideal sheaves. We also begin the development of the theory of a characteristic p>0 analog of maximal non-lc ideals, utilizing some recent work of Blickle.

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A note on discreteness of $F$-jumping numbers

Suppose that $R$ is a ring essentially of finite type over a perfect field of characteristic $p > 0$ and that $a \subseteq R$ is an ideal. We prove that the set of $F$-jumping numbers of $τ_b(R; a^t)$ has no limit points under the assumption that $R$ is normal and $Q$-Gorenstein -- we do \emph{not} assume that the $Q$-Gorenstein index is not divisible by $p$. Furthermore, we also show that the $F$-jumping numbers of $τ_b(R; Δ, a^t)$ are discrete under the more general assumption that $K_R + Δ$ is $\bR$-Cartier.

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