arXiv subjects

Kh. M. Beshtoev

Publications and source records attributed to Kh. M. Beshtoev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2014

Problem of oscillations presence at $CP$ violation in the system of $K^o$ mesons

In this work there are considered two approaches to the description of $K^o, \bar K^o$ meson transitions into $K_S (K^o_1)$ mesons at $CP$ violation in weak interactions. The first approach uses the standard theory of oscillations and the second approach supposes that ($K_S, K_L$) states which arise at $CP$ violation are normalized but not orthogonal state functions then there arise interferences between these states but not oscillations. It is necessary to remark that the available experimental data are in good agreement with the second approach. So we came to the conclusion that oscillations do not arise at $CP$ violation in weak interactions in the system of $K^o$ mesons. Only interference between two - $K_S, K_L$ states takes place there.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2013

About $K^o, \bar K^o$ meson oscillations at strangeness violation by weak interactions without and with taking into account meson decays

This work considers $K^0, \bar K^0$ meson mixings and oscillations via $K^0_1, K^0_2$ meson states at strangeness violation by weak interactions in two cases - without and with taking into account $K^0_1, K^0_2$ meson decays. In the first case the oscillation theory correctly describes $K^o, \bar K^o \to K^o, \bar K^o$ transition processes. In the second case, when we take into account meson decays, the oscillation theory cannot correctly describe this process at long distances since mainly $K^o_2$ mesons remain at long distances therefore the condition for oscillations is absent. So, at long distances in this process only long living $K^0_2$ mesons are present but not $K^o, \bar K^o$ mesons.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2012

Neutrino oscillations in the scheme of mass mixings and problem of smallness of angle mixing $θ_{1 3}$

In the framework of the mass mixing scheme we have considered mixings and oscillations of $ν_e, ν_μ, ν_τ$ neutrinos and obtained expressions for angle mixings and lengths of oscillations in dependence on components of the nondiagonal mass matrix. Then analysis of these obtained results was done by using modern experimental data on neutrino oscillations. It has been shown that in this approach the lengths of neutrino oscillations $L_{2 3}$ and $L_{1 3}$ are not compulsory to be equal. It means that the angle mixing $θ_{1 3}$ can be not very small, i.e., $L_{1 3}$ can be larger than $L_{2 3}$. In the conventional approach $L_{1 3} \approx L_{2 3}$ ($L_{1 2} \gg L_{2 3}$) and angle mixing of $θ_{1 3}$ is very small. Angle mixings $θ_{2 3}, θ_{1 2}$ are big. Then there ia a problem: why is mixing angle $θ_{1 3}$ so small? A natural solution of the problem is to suppose that $(m_2^2 - m_1^2) \neq (m_3^2 - m_1^2) - (m_3^2 - m_2^2)$, then $L_{1 3} > L_{2 3}$. It will be realized if there are 4 neutrino oscillations instead of 3 neutrino oscillations. Then the value of $θ_{1 3}$ is necessary to search at distances more than $L_{2 3}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2010

Important remarks to Wolfenstein's equation for passing neutrino through the matter

It is supposed that while neutrino passing through the matter a resonance enhancement of neutrino oscillations in the matter appears. It is shown that Wolfenstein's equation, for neutrino passing through the matter, contains a disadvantage (does not take into account the law of momentum conservation). It leads, for example, to changing of the effective mass of neutrino by the value of $0.87 \cdot 10^{-2} eV$ from the very small value of the energy polarization of the matter caused by neutrino which is equal to $5 \cdot 10^{-12} eV$. After removing this disadvantage (i.e., taking into account this law) we have obtained a solution of this equation. In this solution a very small enhancement of neutrino oscillations in the matter appears due to the smallness of the energy polarization of the matter caused by neutrino.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2009

Is neutrino produced in standard weak interactions a Dirac or Majorana particle?

This work considers the following problem: what type (Dirac or Majorana) of neutrinos is produced in standard weak interactions? It is concluded that only Dirac neutrinos but not Majorana neutrinos can be produced in these interactions. It means that this neutrino will be produced in another type of interaction. Namely, Majorana neutrino will be produced in the interaction which differentiates spin projections but cannot differentiate neutrino (particle) from antineutrino (antiparticle). This interaction has not been discovered yet. Therefore experiments with very high precision are important to detect the neutrinoless double decay.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2008

Higgs Mechanism in the Standard Model and a Possibility of its Direct Physical Realization

The aim of this work was to answer the question: Is the direct physical realization of the Higgs mechanism possible? It is shown that this mechanism cannot have a direct physical realization since the condition for this realization is not fulfilled. It means that if in the new collider at CERN a scalar particle is detected, it does not mean that it is a Higgs particle.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2008

Computation of the number of neutrino events which can be registered in Borexino detector from the Sun neutrinos flux with energy $E_ν= 0.862 MeV$

This paper gives an estimation of the number of neutrinos which can be registered in Borexino detector from the Sun neutrinos generated in reaction $^{7}Be + e^{-} \to ^{7}Li + ν_e$ with energy $E_{ν_e} = 0.862 MeV$ in the absence of neutrino oscillations. This number is supposed be between $ N^{theor} = 86.45 ÷96.52 \frac{counters}{(day\cdot 100\quad ton)}$ in dependence on primary neutrino fluxes. Then ratios between number of neutrinos $N^{exper}$ registered in Borexino detector and counted numbers $N^{theor}$, are $\frac{N^{exper}}{N^{theor}} = 0.49 ÷0.54$. This value is close enough to the same value obtained in $^{71}Ga - ^{71}Ge$ experiments in the close energy regions. The value $\frac{N^{exper}}{N^{theor}}$ obtained at supposition that $θ_{1 3} \approx 0$ and absence of the resonance effect approximately equal to $\simeq 0.67$ and it is noticeably greater than the above value. Probably it means that the supposition that $θ_{1 3} \approx 0$ is not justified and there can be a definite deposit of $τ$ neutrinos.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2007

Majorana neutrino. Is double neutrinoless beta decay possible in the framework of the weak interactions? How to prove that neutrino is Majorana particle

Usually it is supposed that Majorana neutrino produced in the superposition state $χ_L = ν_L + (ν_L)^c$ and then follows the neutrinoless double beta decay. But since weak interactions are chiral invariant then the neutrino at production has definite helicity (i.e., $ν_L$ and $(ν_L)^c$ neutrinos are separately produced and then neutrino is not in the superposition state). This helicity cannot change after production without any external interactions. Thus we see that for unsuitable helicity the neutrinoless double $β$ decay is not possible even if neutrino is a Majorana particle. Also transition of Majorana neutrino into antineutrino at their oscillations is forbidden since helicity in vacuum holds. Then only possibility to prove that neutrino is a Dirac but not Majorana particle is detection transition of $ν_L$ neutrino into (sterile) antineutrino $\barν_R$ (i.e., $ν_L \to \barν_R$) at neutrino oscillations. Transition Majora neutrino $ν_L$ into $(ν_R)^c$ (i.e., $ν_L \to (ν_R)^c$) at oscillations is unobserved since it is supposed that mass of $(ν_R)^c$ is very big.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2007

Examination of unitarity condition (positive definiteness of expression for transition probabilities) at three neutrino oscillations in vacuum

This work has shown that at strict fulfilment of condition $Δm^2_{1 3} = Δm^2_{1 2} + Δm^2_{2 3}$ the expression for probability of $ν_e \to ν_e$ transitions $P_{ν_e \to ν_e}(t)$ is positively defined at every values of $θ$ and $β$ while at any arbitrarily small deviation from this condition it becomes negative. In order to make this expression for probability transitions positively defined, it is necessary to put a limitation on angle mixing $β$ at fixed value of $θ= 32.45^o$ (i.e. the value for $β$ must be $β\le 15^o ÷17^o$).

hep-ph↗

arXiv2007

Importance of the Mechanism of Resonance Enhancement of Neutrino Oscillations in Matter for the Precise Testing of the Electroweak Interaction Model. Present Experimental Status of This Resonance Mechanism

The mechanism of resonance enhancement of neutrino oscillations in matter and some critical remarks to this mechanism are considered. Using of this resonance mechanism is very important to examine the model of electroweak interactions since the processes induced by this mechanism grow multiply. In contrast to the electromagnetic and strong interactions in weak interactions, $P$-parity is violated therefore a problem of mass generations in the weak interactions is considered (the interaction must be left-right symmetric for mass generations). It is concluded that a possibility of mass generation in the framework of the weak interactions is not proved. The present experimental status of this resonance mechanism is considered and it is done conclusion that this effect has no clear experimental confirmation. For this purpose it is necessary to fulfil precision experiments with solar neutrinos and the neutrinos passed through the Earth matter.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Cherenkov effect in the weak interactions generated by the neutrinos and new approach for estimation of neutrino mass

It is shown that if weak interactions can generate masses and polarize matter, then the Cherenkov effect induced by these interactions appears. The resonance ($v_ν< c/n$) and the Cherenkov ($v_ν> c/n$) effects are competitive processes and at definite neutrino energies the resonance effect will change to the Cherenkov effect and we obtain an excellent possibility of estimating neutrino masses.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Connection Between $ν_e, ν_μ, ν_τ$ and $ν_1, ν_2, ν_3$ Neutrino States and Time Dependence of Neutrino Wave Functions and Transition Probabilities at Three Neutrino Oscillations in Vacuum

For description of the $d, s, b$ quark mixings the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrices are used but they do not contain the time dependence. In this work the analogous matrix is obtained for the case of three neutrino ($ν_{e}, ν_{μ}, ν_τ$) mixings (oscillations) in vacuum in the general case, when CP violation is absent. In contrast to the quark case this matrix contains the time dependence. The matrix for probability of neutrino transitions (oscillations) in vacuum is also obtained. Naturally, it contains the time dependence. The matrix which does not contain the time dependence is obtained by using time $t$ averaging of this matrix. Elements of this matrix can be used to describe neutrino decays.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2006

Remarks to the Standard Theory of Neutrino Oscillations. Alternative Scheme of Neutrino Oscillations

In the standard theory of neutrino oscillations it is supposed that physical observed neutrino states $ν_{e}, ν_μ, ν_τ$ have no definite masses, that they are initially produced as a mixture of the $ν_{1}, ν_{2}, ν_{3}$ neutrino states (are produced as a wave packet), and that neutrino oscillations are the real ones. Then this wave packet must decompose at a definite distance into constituent parts and neutrino oscillations must disappear. It was shown that these suppositions lead to violation of the law of energy and momentum conservation. An alternative scheme of neutrino oscillations obtained within the framework of particle physics has been considered where the above mentioned shortcomings are absent, the oscillations of neutrinos with equal masses are the real ones, and the oscillations of neutrinos with different masses are virtual ones. Expressions for probabilities of neutrino transitions (oscillations) in the alternative (corrected) scheme, are given.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2005

Expressions for Neutrino Wave Functions and Transition Probabilities at Three Neutrino Oscillations in Vacuum and Some of Their Applications

We have considered three neutrino transitions and oscillations in the general case and obtained expressions for neutrino wave functions in three cases: with CP violation, without CP violations and the case when $ν_e \leftrightarrow ν_τ$ transitions are absent (some works indicate on this possibility). Then using the existing experimental data some analysis has been fulfilled. This analysis definitely has shown that transitions $ν_e \leftrightarrow ν_τ$ cannot be closed for the Solar neutrinos. However, this possibility may be realized by using the mechanism of resonance enhancement neutrino oscillations in matter (the Sun). But this possibility is not confirmed by the Solar neutrinos spectrum (the Solar neutrinos spectrum is not distorted) and the Day-Night effect (this effect is not observed). It was found out that the probability of $ν_e \leftrightarrow ν_e$ neutrino transitions is positive defined value only if the angle of $ν_e, ν_τ$ mixing $β\le 15^o ÷17^o$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2005

Neutrino Oscillations in the Scheme of Charge (Couple Constant) Mixings

In the Standard theory of neutrino oscillations is used scheme of mass mixings, i.e., oscillation parameters are expressed via terms of mass matrix. In this work neutrino oscillations generated by charge (the weak interaction couple constants) mixings are considered. Expressions for angle mixings and lengths of oscillations are obtained. The expressions of the probability for three neutrino oscillations are given. Neutrino oscillations in this scheme (mechanism) are virtual if neutrino masses are not equal and real if neutrino masses are equal.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2005

Remarks to the Standard Theory of Neutrino Oscillations. Corrected Theory of Neutrino Oscillations

In the Standard theory of neutrino oscillations it is supposed that physical observed neutrino states $ν_{e}, ν_μ, ν_τ$ have no definite masses and that neutrinos are initially created as mixture of $ν_{1}, ν_{2}, ν_{3}$ neutrino states and that neutrino oscillations are the real ones even when neutrino masses are different. It is shown that these suppositions lead to violation of the law of energy and momentum conservation and then the neutrino states are unstable ones and they must disintegrate. Then the development of the standard theory of neutrino oscillations in the framework of particle physics is considered where the above mentioned shortcomings are absent and the oscillations of neutrino with equal masses are real ones and the oscillations of neutrino different masses are virtual ones. Expressions for probabilities of neutrino transitions (oscillations) in the correct theory are given.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2005

Schemes of Quark Mixings (Oscillations) and Their Mixing Matrices

Three schemes of quark mixings (oscillations) together with their mixing matrices (analogous to Kabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrices) are considered. In these schemes quark transitions are virtual since quark masses are different. Two of them belong to the so called mass mixing schemes (mixing parameters are expressed by elements of mass matrices) and the third scheme belongs to the charge mixings one (mixing parameters are expressed through charges). For these schemes the expressions for transition probabilities between $d, s, b$ quarks are obtained. The analysis of situation with the quark mixing parameters in these schemes is fulfilled.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Schemes of Neutrino Mixings (Oscillations) and Their Mixing Matrices

Three schemes of neutrino mixings (oscillations) together with their mixing matrices (analogous to Kabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrices) are considered. In these schemes neutrino transitions are virtual if neutrino masses are different. Two of them belong to the so called mass mixing schemes (mixing parameters are expressed by elements of mass matrices) and the third scheme belongs to the charge mixing scheme (mixing parameters are expressed through charges). In the first scheme system of 6 equations for determination of the all elements of the mass matrix (neutrino masses and transition widths) by using experimental data are obtained. In the second and third ones the neutrino mixing angles are equal or close to maximal angles ($π/4$). It is obvious that the experiment must give an answer to the following question: Which of these schemes is realized indeed?

hep-ph↗