arXiv subjects

Lei Li

Publications and source records attributed to Lei Li.

841 records · Page 47Linked to original sources

arXiv2013

The sedimentation of flexible filaments: Trajectories, particle clouds and a buckling instability

In this fluid dynamics video we explore an array of different possible dynamics for a flexible filament sedimenting in a viscous fluid. The time-dependent shapes and trajectories of the filament are determined analytically and numerically by balancing viscous, elastic and gravitational forces in a slender-body theory for zero-Reynolds number flows. The dynamics are characterized by a single dimensionless elasto-gravitation number. The video shows the process of filament relaxation and reorientation, the formation of particle clouds, and finally a buckling instability.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2013

The sedimentation of flexible filaments

The dynamics of a flexible filament sedimenting in a viscous fluid are explored analytically and numerically. Compared to the well-studied case of sedimenting rigid rods, the introduction of filament compliance is shown to cause a significant alteration in the long-time sedimentation orientation and filament geometry. A model is developed by balancing viscous, elastic, and gravitational forces in a slender-body theory for zero-Reynolds-number flows, and the filament dynamics are characterized by a dimensionless elasto-gravitation number. Filaments of both non-uniform and uniform cross-sectional thickness are considered. In the weakly flexible regime, a multiple-scale asymptotic expansion is used to obtain expressions for filament translations, rotations, and shapes. These are shown to match excellently with full numerical simulations. Furthermore, we show that trajectories of sedimenting flexible filaments, unlike their rigid counterparts, are restricted to a cloud whose envelope is determined by the elasto-gravitation number. In the highly flexible regime we show that a filament sedimenting along its long axis is susceptible to a buckling instability. A linear stability analysis provides a dispersion relation, illustrating clearly the competing effects of the compressive stress and the restoring elastic force in the buckling process. The instability travels as a wave along the filament opposite the direction of gravity as it grows and the predicted growth rates are shown to compare favorably with numerical simulations. The linear eigenmodes of the governing equation are also studied, which agree well with the finite-amplitude buckled shapes arising in simulations.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2013

The Extended Parameter Filter

The parameters of temporal models, such as dynamic Bayesian networks, may be modelled in a Bayesian context as static or atemporal variables that influence transition probabilities at every time step. Particle filters fail for models that include such variables, while methods that use Gibbs sampling of parameter variables may incur a per-sample cost that grows linearly with the length of the observation sequence. Storvik devised a method for incremental computation of exact sufficient statistics that, for some cases, reduces the per-sample cost to a constant. In this paper, we demonstrate a connection between Storvik's filter and a Kalman filter in parameter space and establish more general conditions under which Storvik's filter works. Drawing on an analogy to the extended Kalman filter, we develop and analyze, both theoretically and experimentally, a Taylor approximation to the parameter posterior that allows Storvik's method to be applied to a broader class of models. Our experiments on both synthetic examples and real applications show improvement over existing methods.

stat.ML↗

arXiv2012

Combined Channel Aggregation and Fragmentation Strategy in Cognitive Radio Networks

In cognitive radio networks, channel aggregation (CA) and channel fragmentation (CF) techniques have been proposed to enhance the spectrum utilization. While most of the literature studies CA and CF independently, in this paper we combine CA and CF innovatively and present a new spectrum sharing strategy named CAF (Channel Aggregation and Fragmentation). We elaborate on the proposed CAF strategy and derive the balance equation by a continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) model. Then various system performance metrics including blocking probability, dropping probability, spectrum utilization and throughput of the secondary network are evaluated. Both analytical and simulation results show that our strategy lowers the blocking and dropping probabilities and enhances the spectrum utilization and throughput effectively. Moreover, by tuning the bandwidth requirement of each secondary user, different system performance can be achieved.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2012

RepTFD: Replay Based Transient Fault Detection

The advances in IC process make future chip multiprocessors (CMPs) more and more vulnerable to transient faults. To detect transient faults, previous core-level schemes provide redundancy for each core separately. As a result, they may leave transient faults in the uncore parts, which consume over 50% area of a modern CMP, escaped from detection. This paper proposes RepTFD, the first core-level transient fault detection scheme with 100% coverage. Instead of providing redundancy for each core separately, RepTFD provides redundancy for a group of cores as a whole. To be specific, it replays the execution of the checked group of cores on a redundant group of cores. Through comparing the execution results between the two groups of cores, all malignant transient faults can be caught. Moreover, RepTFD adopts a novel pending period based record-replay approach, which can greatly reduce the number of execution orders that need to be enforced in the replay-run. Hence, RepTFD brings only 4.76% performance overhead in comparison to the normal execution without fault-tolerance according to our experiments on the RTL design of an industrial CMP named Godson-3. In addition, RepTFD only consumes about 0.83% area of Godson-3, while needing only trivial modifications to existing components of Godson-3.

cs.AR↗

arXiv2012

No spin-localization phase transition in the spin-boson model without local field

We explore the spin-boson model in a special case, i.e., with zero local field. In contrast to previous studies, we find no possibility for quantum phase transition (QPT) happening between the localized and delocalized phases, and the behavior of the model can be fully characterized by the even or odd parity as well as the parity breaking, instead of the QPT, owned by the ground state of the system. Our analytical treatment about the eigensolution of the ground state of the model presents for the first time a rigorous proof of no-degeneracy for the ground state of the model, which is independent of the bath type, the degrees of freedom of the bath and the calculation precision. We argue that the QPT mentioned previously appears due to unreasonable treatment of the ground state of the model or of the infrared divergence existing in the spectral functions for Ohmic and sub-Ohmic dissipations.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2012

Parity breaking and scaling behavior in the spin-boson model

We study the breaking of parity in the spin-boson model and demonstrate unique scaling behavior of the magnetization and entanglement around the critical points for the parity breaking after suppressing the infrared divergence existing inherently in the spectral functions for Ohmic and sub-Ohmic dissipations. Our treatment is basically analytical and of generality for all types of the bath. We argue that the conventionally employed spectral function is not fully reasonable and the previous justification of quantum phase transition for localization needs to be more seriously reexamined.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2011

An evolving network model with modular growth

In this paper, we propose an evolving network model growing fast in units of module, based on the analysis of the evolution characteristics in real complex networks. Each module is a small-world network containing several interconnected nodes, and the nodes between the modules are linked by preferential attachment on degree of nodes. We study the modularity measure of the proposed model, which can be adjusted by changing ratio of the number of inner-module edges and the number of inter-module edges. Based on the mean field theory, we develop an analytical function of the degree distribution, which is verified by a numerical example and indicates that the degree distribution shows characteristics of the small-world network and the scale-free network distinctly at different segments. The clustering coefficient and the average path length of the network are simulated numerically, indicating that the network shows the small-world property and is affected little by the randomness of the new module.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2011

Determining the nuclear form factor for detection of dark matter in the relativistic mean field theory

In this work, we derive the nuclear form factor for the spin-independent collision between the WIMPs and nucleus in terms of the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory. Comparison with the traditional form factors which are commonly used in literature is given and it is found that our results are slightly above that of the 2PF model by 4% to 8%, but deviate from the Helm form factor by 15% to 25% for the whole recoil energy spectrum of 0$\sim $ 100 keV. Moreover, taking Xe and Ge as examples, we show the dependence of the form factor on the recoil energy.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2010

QCD inspired relativistic bound state model and meson structures

A QCD inspired relativistic effective Hamiltonian model for the bound states of mesons has been constructed, which integrates the advantages of several QCD effective Hamiltonian models. Based on light-front QCD effective Hamiltonian model, the squared invariant mass operator of meson is used as the effective Hamiltonian. The model has been improved significantly in four major aspects: i)it is proved that in center of mass frame and in internal coordinate Hilbert subspace, the total angular momentum $J$ of meson is conserved and the mass eigen equation can be expressed in total angular momentum representation and in terms of a set of coupled radial eigen equations for each $J$. ii)Based on lattice QCD results, a relativistic confining potential is introduced into the effective interaction and the excited states of mesons can be well described. iii)an SU(3) flavor mixing interaction is introduced phenomenologically to describe the flavor mixing mesons and the mass eigen equations contain the coupling among different flavor components. iv)the mass eigen equations are of relativistic covariance and the coupled radial mass eigen equations take full account of $L-S $ coupling and tensor interactions. The model has been applied to describe the whole meson spectra of about 265 mesons with available data. The agreement of the calculated masses, squared radii, and decay constants with data is quite well. For the mesons whose mass data have large experimental uncertainty, the model produces certain mass values for test. For some mesons whose total angular momenta and parity are not assigned experimentally, the model gives a prediction of the spectroscopic configuration$^{2S+1}L_J$. The connection between our model and the recent low energy QCD issues-the infrared conformal scaling invariance and holographic QCD hadron models is discussed.

hep-th↗

arXiv2010

Theory of Spectrum in Qubit-Oscillator Systems in the Ultrastrong Coupling Regime

Recent measurement on an LC resonator magnetically coupled to a superconducting qubit[arXiv:1005.1559] shows that the system operates in the ultra-strong coupling regime and crosses the limit of validity for the rotating-wave approximation of the Jaynes-Cummings model. By using extended bosonic coherent states, we solve the Jaynes-Cummings model exactly without the rotating-wave approximation. Our numerically exact results for the spectrum of the flux qubit coupled to the LC resonator are fully consistent with the experimental observations. The smallest Bloch-Siegert shift obtained is consistent with that observed in this experiment. In addition, the Bloch-Siegert shifts in arbitrary level transitions and for arbitrary coupling constants are predicted.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2006

An effective formulation on quantum hadrodynamics at finite temperatures and densities

According to Wick's theorem, the second order self-energy corrections of hadrons in the hot and dense nuclear matter are calculated. Furthermore, the Feynman rules are summarized, and an effective formulation on quantum hadrodynamics at finite temperatures and densities is evaluated. As the strong couplings between nucleons are considered, the self-consistency of this method is discussed in the framework of relativistic mean-field approximation. Debye screening masses of the scalar and vector mesons in the hot and dense nuclear matter are calculated with this method in the relativistic mean-field approximation. The results are different from those of thermofield dynamics and Brown-Rho conjecture. Moreover, the effective masses of the photon and the nucleon in the hot and dense nuclear matter are discussed.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2005

$η$-meson in nuclear matter

The $η$-nucleon ($η$N) interactions are deduced from the heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory up to the next-to-leading-order terms. Combining the relativistic mean-field theory for nucleon system, we have studied the in-medium properties of $η$-meson. We find that all the elastic scattering $η$N interactions come from the next-to-leading-order terms. The $η$N sigma term is found to be about 280$\pm$130 MeV. The off-shell terms are also important to the in-medium properties of $η$-meson. On application of the latest determination of the $η$N scattering length, the ratio of $η$-meson effective mass to its vacuum value is near $0.84\pm0.015$, while the optical potential is about $-(83\pm5)$ MeV, at the normal nuclear density.

nucl-th↗