arXiv subjects

Liang Ren Niestemski

Publications and source records attributed to Liang Ren Niestemski.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2015

Quasispecies Theory for Evolution of Modularity

Biological systems are modular, and this modularity evolves over time and in different environments. A number of observations have been made of increased modularity in biological systems under increased environmental pressure. We here develop a quasispecies theory for the dynamics of modularity in populations of these systems. We show how the steady-state fitness in a randomly changing environment can be computed. We derive a fluctuation dissipation relation for the rate of change of modularity and use it to derive a relationship between rate of environmental changes and rate of growth of modularity. We also find a principle of least action for the evolved modularity at steady state. Finally, we compare our predictions to simulations of protein evolution and find them to be consistent.

q-bio.PE↗

arXiv2014

Prediction of heart rate response to conclusion of spontaneous breathing trial by fluctuation dissipation theory

The non-equilibrium fluctuation dissipation theorem is applied to predict how critically ill patients respond to treatment, based upon data currently collected by standard hospital monitoring devices. This framework is demonstrated on a common procedure in critical care: the spontaneous breathing trial. It is shown that the responses of groups of similar patients to the spontaneous breathing trial can be predicted by the non-equilibrium fluctuation dissipation approach. This mathematical framework, when fully formed and applied to other clinical interventions, may serve as part of the basis for personalized critical care.

q-bio.TO↗

arXiv2014

Physical Model of the Immune Response of Bacteria Against Bacteriophage Through the Adaptive CRISPR-Cas Immune System

Bacteria and archaea have evolved an adaptive, heritable immune system that recognizes and protects against viruses or plasmids. This system, known as the CRISPR-Cas system, allows the host to recognize and incorporate short foreign DNA or RNA sequences, called `spacers' into its CRISPR system. Spacers in the CRISPR system provide a record of the history of bacteria and phage coevolution. We use a physical model to study the dynamics of this coevolution as it evolves stochastically over time. We focus on the impact of mutation and recombination on bacteria and phage evolution and evasion. We discuss the effect of different spacer deletion mechanisms on the coevolutionary dynamics. We make predictions about bacteria and phage population growth, spacer diversity within the CRISPR locus, and spacer protection against the phage population.

q-bio.PE↗

arXiv2009

Valence bond glass -- A unified theory of electronic disorder and pseudogap phenomena in high temperature superconductors

We show that the low-energy fluctuations of the valence bond in underdoped high-T_c cuprates, originating from quantum fluctuations of the superexchange interaction, are pinned by the electronic disorder due to off-stoichiometric dopants, leading to a valence bond glass (VBG) pseudogap phase. The antinodal Fermi surface sections are gapped out, giving rise to a normal state Fermi arc whose length shrinks with underdoping. Below T_c, the superexchange interaction induces a d-wave superconducting gap that coexists with the VBG pseudogap. The evolution of the local and momentum-space spectroscopy with doping and temperature captures the salient properties of the pseudogap phenomena and the electronic disorder. The unified theory elucidates the important interplay between strong correlation and the intrinsic electronic disorder in doped transition metal oxides.

cond-mat.str-el↗