arXiv subjects

Lorenzo Pizzino

Publications and source records attributed to Lorenzo Pizzino.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Universal scaling of many-body effects in quantum tunneling

Quantum tunneling is fundamental to diverse phenomena and underpins a wide range of modern technologies. In the study of superconducting quantum computation and high-temperature superconducting materials, tunneling on multi-particle scale is central. Recently, several cold atom experiments successfully simulated the tunneling process in a many-particle ensemble. However, the many-body nature remains largely unexplored. Here, we observe the universal scaling of many-body effects in quantum tunneling process, using a hexagonal-triangular quantum simulator with independent control of barrier, temperature and interaction. In the weak-interaction regime, the critical tunneling coefficient scales parabolically with temperature under various conditions, in contrast to the linear scaling of single-particle tunneling. By further increasing the interactions beyond the mean-field regime, the scaling exponent decreases, consistent with quantum field theory predictions. Our results address the fundamental question of how many-body effects renormalize quantum tunneling, with direct implications for correlated quantum matter and devices.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2026

Mapping reservoir-enhanced superconductivity to near-long-range magnetic order in the undoped one-dimensional Anderson and Kondo lattices

The undoped Kondo necklace in 1D is a paradigmatic and well understood model of a Kondo insulator. This work performs the first large-scale study of the 1D Anderson-lattice underlying the Kondo necklace with quasi-exact numerical methods, comparing this with the perturbative effective 1D Kondo-necklace model derived from the former. This study is based on an exact mapping of the Anderson model to one of a superconducting pairing layer connected to a metallic reservoir which is valid in arbitrary spatial dimensions, thereby linking the previously disparate areas of reservoir-enhanced superconductivity, following Kivelson's pioneering proposals, and that of periodic Kondo-systems. Our work reveals that below the length-scales on which the insulating state sets in, which can be very large, superconducting and density-density correlations are degenerate and may both appear to approach an almost ordered state, to a degree that far exceeds that of any isolated 1D pairing layer with short-range interactions. We trace these effects to the effective extended-range coupling that the metallic layer mediates within the pairing layer. These results translate directly to the appearance of near-long-range magnetic order at intermediate scales in the Kondo-systems, and explain the strong renormalization of the RKKY-coupling that we effectively observe, in terms of the back-action of the pairing layer onto the metallic layer. The effects we predict could be tested either by local probes of quasi-1D heavy fermion compounds such as CeCo$_2$Ga$_8$, in engineered chains of ad-atoms or in ultracold atomic gases.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2026

Enhancement of superconducting stiffness in hybrid superconducting-metallic bilayers

Boosting superconductivity by metallic reservoirs is the essence of Kivelson's bilayer proposal. One layer provides pairing to the electrons, while the weakly coupled metal provides additional phase coherence to those pairs by mediating extended-range pair-pair coupling. Demonstrating significant and unambiguous performance gains with strong-coupling methods for such set-ups had been difficult. In the present work, we study these systems doped away from half-filling, corresponding to a partially spin-polarized 1D Anderson- or Kondo-lattice. We show that this breaks the coexistence of dominant superconducting and density-density correlations decisively in favour or the former. Consequently, we provide evidence that in this doped regime, superconducting near-long-range order is not precluded by a small charge-gap in the thermodynamic limit, as we have recently shown to be the case at half-filling [JE Ebot $et$ $al.$, arXiv:2602.11153 [cond-mat.supr-con]]. We study the complex manner in which the enhancement of superconductivity in the pairing layer depends on the parameters of the metal, and especially that both pairing-limited and stiffness-limited regimes may appear in these systems. In addition to superconducting bilayers, our results are relevant, via a particle-hole transformation, for heavy-fermion Kondo-lattice materials in magnetic fields, as we provide previously lacking insight on the competition between antiferromagnetic and easy-plane magnetism, as well as a route for comprehensive indirect tests of Kivelson's bilayer proposal well beyond previous capabilities.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2025

Leggett's bound and superfluidity in strongly interacting bosons

A density-based superfluid bound called Leggett's bound has been proved to be a good estimator of the superfluid fraction for cold atomic gases in the mean-field regime. Here, we investigate the accuracy of such bound in the strongly interacting regime, where the mean-field approach fails. Combining quantum Monte Carlo, Gross-Pitaevskii equation and field-theory calculations, we demonstrate that the bound serves as a reliable estimator of the superfluid fraction for strongly interacting bosons at 2D-1D dimensional crossover at low temperatures. By further presenting two counterexamples where the bound predicts trivial results, we shed light on the conditions under which the Leggett's bound serves as a good predictor.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2025

Strong enhancements to superconducting properties of 1D systems from metallic reservoirs

Using a 1D bilayer system comprised of pairing and metallic layers, the present work proves the striking power of reservoir-mediated boosting of superconductivity. Employing many-body numerics on large systems at zero and finite temperature, we unravel the complex processes by which the tuning of the metal parameters can impact the effective pairing strength as well as the long-range pair-pair-coupling mediated by the metal. It is these two processes that in turn can strongly enhance superconducting susceptibility and thermal superconducting correlation length over those of the isolated system. We show that in this way, even a 1D system can come very close to achieving superconducting long-range order.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2025

Probing universal phase diagram of dimensional crossover with an atomic quantum simulator

Dimensionality is a fundamental concept in physics, which plays a hidden but crucial role in various domains, including condensed matter physics, relativity and string theory, statistical physics, etc. In quantum physics, reducing dimensionality usually enhances fluctuations and leads to novel properties. Owing to these effects, quantum simulators in which dimensionality can be controlled have emerged as a new area of interest. However, such a platform has only been studied in specific regimes and a universal phase diagram is lacking. Here, we produce an interacting atomic quantum simulator with continuous tunability of anisotropy and temperature, and probe the universal phase diagram of dimensional crossover. At low temperatures, we identify the regimes from quantum three to zero dimensions. By increasing temperature, we observe the non-trivial emergence of a thermal regime situated between the quantum zero and integer dimensions. We show that the quantum-to thermal transition falls into four different universality classes depending on the dimensionality. Surprisingly, we also detect a fifth type where the high-dimensional quantum system can reach the thermal phase by crossing a low-dimensional quantum regime. Our results provide a crucial foundation for understanding the projective condensed matter structures in unconventional dimensions.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2024

Finite size analysis for interacting bosons at the 2D-1D Dimensional Crossover

In this work, we extend the analysis of interacting bosons at 2D-1D dimensional crossover for finite size and temperature by using field-theory approach (bosonization) and quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Stemming from the fact that finite size low-dimensional systems are allowed only to have quasi-ordered phase, we consider the self-consistent harmonic approximation to compute the fraction of quasi-condensate and its scaling with the system size. It allows us to understand the important role played by finite size and temperature across the dimensional crossover for deciding the condensate nature. Furthermore, we consider a mean-field approximation to compute the finite size effect on the crossover temperature for both weak and strong interaction. All the physical quantities we discuss here provide essential information for quantum gas at dimensional crossover and are directly detectable in cold atom experiments

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2023

Cooling bosons by dimensional reduction

Cold atomic gases provide a remarkable testbed to study the physics of interacting many-body quantum systems. They have started to play a major role as quantum simulators, given the high degree of control that is possible. A crucial element is given by the necessarily non-zero temperature. However cooling to the required ultralow temperatures or even simply measuring the temperature directly on the system can prove to be very challenging tasks. Here, we implement thermometry on strongly interacting two- and one-dimensional Bose gases with high sensitivity in the nano-Kelvin temperature range. Our method is aided by the fact that the decay of the first-order correlation function is very sensitive to the temperature when interactions are strong. We find that there may be a significant temperature variation when the three-dimensional quantum gas is cut into two-dimensional slices or into one-dimensional tubes. Strikingly, the temperature for the one-dimensional case can be much lower than the initial temperature. Our findings show that this decrease results from the interplay of dimensional reduction and strong interactions.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2023

Experimental Observation of the 2D-1D Dimensional Crossover in Strongly Interacting Ultracold Bosons

Dimensionality plays an essential role in determining the nature and properties of a physical system. For quantum systems the impact of interactions and fluctuations is enhanced in lower dimensions, leading to a great diversity of genuine quantum effects for reduced dimensionality. In most cases, the dimension is fixed to some integer value. Here, we experimentally probe the dimensional crossover from two to one dimension using strongly interacting ultracold bosons in variable lattice potentials and compare the data to ab-initio theory that takes into account non-homogeneous trapping and non-zero temperature. From a precise measurement of the momentum distribution we analyze the characteristic decay of the one-body correlation function in the two dimensionalities and then track how the decay is modified in the crossover. A varying two-slope structure is revealed, reflecting the fact that the particles see their dimensionality as being one or two depending on whether they are probed on short or long distances, respectively. Our observations demonstrate how quantum properties in the strongly-correlated regime evolve in the dimensional crossover as a result of the interplay between dimensionality, interactions, and temperature.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2023

Strongly-interacting bosons at 2D-1D Dimensional Crossover

We study a two dimensional (2D) system of interacting quantum bosons, subjected to a continuous periodic potential in one direction. The correlation of such system exhibits a dimensional crossover between a canonical 2D behavior with Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) properties and a one-dimensional (1D) behavior when the potential is large and splits the system in essentially independent tubes. The later is in the universality class of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids (TLL). Using a continuous quantum Monte Carlo method, we investigate this dimensional crossover by computing longitudinal and transverse superfluid fraction as well as the superfluid correlation as a function of temperature, interactions and potential. Especially, we find the correlation function evolves from BKT to TLL type, with special intermediate behaviors appearing at the dimensional crossover. We discuss how the consequences of the dimensional crossover can be investigated in cold atomic gases experiments.

cond-mat.quant-gas↗

arXiv2022

Solving 2D and 3D lattice models of correlated fermions -- combining matrix product states with mean field theory

Correlated electron states are at the root of many important phenomena including unconventional superconductivity (USC), where electron-pairing arises from repulsive interactions. Computing the properties of correlated electrons, such as the critical temperature $T_c$ for the onset of USC, efficiently and reliably from the microscopic physics with quantitative methods remains a major challenge for almost all models and materials. In this theoretical work we combine matrix product states (MPS) with static mean field (MF) to provide a solution to this challenge for quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) systems: Two- and three-dimensional (2D/3D) materials comprised of weakly coupled correlated 1D fermions. This MPS+MF framework for the ground state and thermal equilibrium properties of Q1D fermions is developed and validated for attractive Hubbard systems first, and further enhanced via analytical field theory. We then deploy it to compute $T_c$ for superconductivity in 3D arrays of weakly coupled, doped and repulsive Hubbard ladders. The MPS+MF framework thus enables the reliable, quantitative and unbiased study of USC and high-$T_c$ superconductivity - and potentially many more correlated phases - in fermionic Q1D systems from microscopic parameters, in ways inaccessible to previous methods. It opens the possibility of designing deliberately optimized Q1D superconductors, from experiments in ultracold gases to synthesizing new materials.

cond-mat.str-el↗