arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Luigi Accardi.
The concept of a classical player, corresponding to a classical random variable, is extended to include quantum random variables in the form of self adjoint operators on infinite dimensional Hilbert space. A quantum version of Von Neumann's Minimax theorem for infinite dimensional (or continuous) games is proved.
We introduce a quantum Viterbi decoding algorithm for hidden quantum Markov models (HQMMs) motivated by quantum information processing and quantum algorithms. Given a finite sequence of measurement outcomes, the algorithm identifies hidden quantum trajectories that maximize a joint decoding functional, serving as a genuine quantum analogue of the classical Viterbi score. Unlike classical hidden Markov models, where decoding optimizes over a finite discrete state space, our method performs optimization over a continuous manifold of pure quantum effects, thereby exploiting coherent superpositions in the hidden memory. We prove a strict quantum advantage: coherent hidden trajectories can achieve decoding scores that strictly exceed any classical strategy constrained to diagonal (commuting) effects, even when both models share the same observed statistics. These results position quantum Viterbi decoding as a concrete quantum algorithmic primitive for sequential decision-making, with direct applications to quantum memories, quantum communication with memory, and near-term quantum machine learning on NISQ devices.
This paper continues the program of applying beyond physics the technique of \textbf{probabilistic quantization} and extending to the quantum mechanics associated with the arc--sine distributions our previous results on the semi--circle distribution. We derive analytical expressions for the momentum and kinetic energy operators using the arc--sine weighted Hilbert transform and express corresponding evolutions as Neumann series of Bessel functions. These series are applicable in various physical problems and in solving certain mixed difference equations and differential equations. Moreover, exploiting the similarity between the Jacobi sequences of the semi-circle and arc-sine measures, we establish a unified formulation of their quantum mechanics. We introduce the semicircle and arc--sine exponential vectors and the corresponding coherent states and prove that, for both measures, the vacuum distributions of the number operator in these states (arc--sine photon statistics) are a \textit{perturbation} of the geometric distribution (Gibbs states in Boson physics: see the Introduction below for a discussion of the physical meaning of this perturbation). The $*$--Lie algebra generated by canonical creation and annihilation operators of both probability measures is isomorphic to the $*$--Lie algebra generated by all rank-one operators in corresponding $L^2$-spaces. The paper concludes with appendices that discuss the integral and Neumann series representations of the $1$--parameter unitary groups generated by momentum in semi-circle and arc-sine cases.
We develop the theory of quasi--invariant (resp. strongly quasi--invariant) states under the action of a group $G$ of normal $*$--automorphisms of a $*$--algebra (or von Neumann alegbra) $\mathcal{A}$. We prove that these states are naturally associated to left--$G$--$1$--cocycles. If $G$ is compact, the structure of strongly $G$--quasi--invariant states is determined. For any $G$--strongly quasi--invariant state $φ$, we construct a unitary representation associated to the triple $(\mathcal{A},G,φ)$. We prove, under some conditions, that any quantum Markov chain with commuting, invertible and hermitean conditional density amplitudes on a countable tensor product of type I factors is strongly quasi--invariant with respect to the natural action of the group $\mathcal{S}_{\infty}$ of local permutations and we give the explicit form of the associated cocycle. This provides a family of non--trivial examples of strongly quasi--invariant states for locally compact groups obtained as inductive limit of an increasing sequence of compact groups.
This paper consists of $3$ parts. The first part only considers classical processes and introduces two different extensions of the notion of hidden Markov process. In the second part, the notion of quantum hidden process is introduced. In the third part it is proven that, by restricting various types of quantum Markov chains to appropriate commutative sub-algebras (diagonal sub-algebras) one recovers all the classical hidden process and, in addition, one obtains families of processes which are not usual hidden Markov process, but are included in the above mentioned extensions of these processes. In this paper we only deal with processes with an at most countable state space.
We prove that the commutation relations among the generators of the quadratic Heisenberg algebra of dimension $n\in\mathbb{N}$, look like a kind of \textit{non-commutative extension} of $\hbox{sl}(2, \mathbb{C})$ (more precisely of its unique $1$--dimensional central extension), denoted $\hbox{heis}_{2;\mathbb{C}}(n)$ and called the complex $n$--dimensional quadratic Boson algebra. This \textit{non-commutativity} has a different nature from the one considered in quantum groups. %In particular we prove that, for %most values of $n$, this Lie algebra cannot be isomorphic to %$\hbox{sl}(N, \mathbb{C})$ for almost any value of $N$. We prove the exponentiability of these algebras (for any $n$) in the Fock representation. We obtain the group multiplication law, in coordinates of the first and second kind, for the quadratic Boson group and we show that, in the case of the adjoint representation, these multiplication laws can be expressed in terms of a generalization of the Jordan multiplication. We investigate the connections between these two types of coordinates (disentangling formulas). From this we deduce a new proof of the expression of the vacuum characteristic function of homogeneous quadratic boson fields.
After a short review of the quantum mechanics canonically associated with a classical real valued random variable with all moments, we begin to study the quantum mechanics canonically associated to the \textbf{standard semi--circle random variable} $X$, characterized by the fact that its probability distribution is the semi--circle law $μ$ on $[-2,2]$. We prove that, in the identification of $L^2([-2,2],μ)$ with the $1$--mode interacting Fock space $Γ_μ$, defined by the orthogonal polynomial gradation of $μ$, $X$ is mapped into position operator and its canonically associated momentum operator $P$ into $i$ times the $μ$--Hilbert transform $H_μ$ on $L^2([-2,2],μ)$. In the first part of the present paper, after briefly describing the simpler case of the $μ$--harmonic oscillator, we find an explicit expression for the action, on the $μ$--orthogonal polynomials, of the semi--circle analogue of the translation group $e^{itP}$ and of the semi--circle analogue of the free evolution $e^{itP^2/2}$ respectively in terms of Bessel functions of the first kind and of confluent hyper--geometric series. These results require the solution of the \textit{inverse normal order problem} on the quantum algebra canonically associated to the classical semi--circle random variable and are derived in the second part of the present paper. Since the problem to determine, with purely analytic techniques, the explicit form of the action of $e^{-tH_μ}$ and $e^{-itH_μ^2/2}$ on the $μ$--orthogonal polynomials is difficult, % aaa ask T if it is solved the above mentioned results show the power of the combination of these techniques with those developed within the algebraic approach to the theory of orthogonal polynomials.
In this paper, we study the structure of a family of superposition states on tensor algebras. The correlation functions of the considered states are described through a new kind of positive definite kernels valued in the dual of C$^\ast$-algebras, so-called Schur kernels. Mainly, we show the existence of the limiting state of a net of superposition states over an arbitrary locally finite graph. Furthermore, we show that this limiting state enjoys a mixing property and an $α$-mixing property in the case of the multi-dimensional integer lattice $\mathbb{Z}^ν$.
In the present paper we study a unified approach for Quantum Markov Chains. A new quantum Markov property that generalizes the old one, is discussed. We introduce Markov states and chains on general local algebras, possessing a generic algebraic property, including both Boson and Fermi algebras. The main result is a reconstruction theorem for quantum Markov chains in the mentioned kind of local algebras. Namely, this reconstruction allows the reproduction of all existing examples of quantum Markov chains and states.
In the present paper, we propose a new construction of quantum Markov fields on arbitrary connected, infinite, locally finite graphs. The construction is based on a specific tessellation on the considered graph, that allows us to express the Markov property for the local structure of the graph. Our main result concerns the existence and uniqueness of quantum Markov field over such graphs.
The identification mentioned in the title allows a formulation of the multidi mensional Favard Lemma different from the ones currently used in the literature and which exactly parallels the original one dimensional formulation in the sense that the positive Jacobi sequence is replaced by a sequence of positive Hermitean (square) matrices and the real Jacobi sequence by a sequence of Hermitean matri ces of the same dimension. Moreover, in this identification, the multidimensional extension of the compatibility condition for the positive Jacobi sequence becomes the condition which guarantees the existence of the creator in an interacting Fock space. The above result opens the way to the program of a purely algebraic clas sification of probability measures on $\mathbb{R}^d$ with finite moments of any order. In this classification the usual Boson Fock space over $\mathbb{C}^d$ is characterized by the fact that the positive Jacobi sequence is made up of identity matrices and the real Jacobi sequences are identically zero. The quantum decomposition of classical real valued random variables with all moments is one of the main ingredients in the proof.
We introduce higher order (polynomial) extensions of the unique (up to isomorphisms) non trivial central extension of the Heisenberg algebra. Using the boson representation of the latter, we construct the corresponding polynomial analogue of the Weyl $C^*$-algebra and use this result to deduce the explicit form of the composition law of the associated generalization of the 1-dimensional Heisenberg group. These results are used to calculate the vacuum characteristic func- tions as well as the moments of the observables in the Galilei algebra. The continuous extensions of these objects gives a new type of second quantization which even in the quadratic case is quite different from the quadratic Fock functor.
In the setting of the principle of local equilibrium which asserts that the temperature is a function of the energy levels of the system, we exhibit plenty of steady states describing the condensation of free Bosons which are not in thermal equilibrium. The surprising facts are that the condensation can occur both in dimension less than 3 in configuration space, and even in excited energy levels. The investigation relative to non equilibrium suggests a new approach to the condensation, which allows an unified analysis involving also the condensation of $q$-particles, $-1\leq q\leq 1$, where $q=\pm1$ corresponds to the Bose/Fermi alternative. For such $q$-particles, the condensation can occur only if $0<q\leq1$, the case 1 corresponding to the standard Bose-Einstein condensation. In this more general approach, completely new and unexpected states exhibiting condensation phenomena naturally occur also in the usual situation of equilibrium thermodynamics. The new approach proposed in the present paper for the situation of $2^\text{nd}$ quantisation of free particles, is naturally based on the theory of the Distributions, which might hopefully be extended to more general cases
Recently, we have constructed a non{linear (polynomial) extension of the 1-mode Heisenberg group and the corresponding Fock and Weyl representations. The transition from the 1-mode case to the current algebra level, in which the operators are indexed by elements of an appropriate test function space (second quantization), can be done at Lie algebra level. A way to bypass the difficulties of constructing a (non trivial) Hilbert space representation is to try and construct directly a $C^*$-algebra rep- resentation and then to look for its Hilbert space representations. In usual (linear) quantization, this corresponds to the construction of the Weyl $C^*$-algebra. In this paper, we produce such a construction for the above mentioned polynomial extension of the Weyl $C^*$-algebra. The result of this construction is a factorizable system of local alge- bras localized on bounded Borel subsets of $\mathbb{R}$ and obtained as induc- tive limit of tensor products of finite sets of copies of the one mode $C^*$-algebra. The $C^*$-embeddings of the inductive system require some non{trivial re{scaling of the generators of the algebras involved. These re{scalings are responsible of a $C^*$-analogue of the "no-go" theorems, first met at the level of Fock second quantization, namely the proof that the family of Fock states defined on the inductive family of $C^*$-algebras is projective only in the linear case (i.e. the case of the usual Weyl algebra). Thus the solution of the representa- tion problem at $C^*$-level does not automatically imply its solution at Hilbert space level.
In this paper, we consider the classical Ising model on the Cayley tree of order k and show the existence of the phase transition in the following sense: there exists two quantum Markov states which are not quasi-equivalent. It turns out that the found critical temperature coincides with usual critical temperature.
We give a sufficient condition for the existence of a quadratic exponential vector with test function in L2(Rd) ? L?(Rd). We prove the linear independence and totality, in the quadratic Fock space, of these vectors. Using a technique different from the one used, we also extend, to a more general class of test functions, the explicit form of the scalar product between two such vectors.
We construct the quadratic analogue of the boson Fock functor. While in the first order case all contractions on the 1--particle space can be second quantized, the semigroup of contractions that admit a quadratic second quantization is much smaller due to the nonlinearity. Within this semigroup we characterize the unitary and the isometric elements.
Within the framework of the Accardi-Fagnola-Quaegebeur (AFQ) representation free calculus of \cite{b}, we consider the problem of controlling the size of a quantum stochastic flow generated by a unitary stochastic evolution affected by quantum noise. In the case when the evolution is driven by first order white noise (which includes quantum Brownian motion) the control is shown to be given in terms of the solution of an algebraic Riccati equation. This is done by first solving the problem of controlling (by minimizing an associated quadratic performance criterion) a stochastic process whose evolution is described by a stochastic differential equation of the type considerd in \cite{b}. The solution is given as a feedback control law in terms of the solution of a stochastic Riccati equation.