arXiv subjects

M. Ya. Amusia

Publications and source records attributed to M. Ya. Amusia.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

arXiv2009

Quantum critical point in high-temperature superconductors

Recently, in high-T_c superconductors (HTSC), exciting measurements have been performed revealing their physics in superconducting and pseudogap states and in normal one induced by the application of magnetic field, when the transition from non-Fermi liquid to Landau Fermi liquid behavior occurs. We employ a theory, based on fermion condensation quantum phase transition which is able to explain facts obtained in the measurements. We also show, that in spite of very different microscopic nature of HTSC, heavy-fermion metals and 2D 3He, the physical properties of these three classes of substances are similar to each other.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2009

Energy scales and magnetoresistance at a quantum critical point

The magnetoresistance (MR) of CeCoIn_5 is notably different from that in many conventional metals. We show that a pronounced crossover from negative to positive MR at elevated temperatures and fixed magnetic fields is determined by the scaling behavior of quasiparticle effective mass. At a quantum critical point (QCP) this dependence generates kinks (crossover points from fast to slow growth) in thermodynamic characteristics (like specific heat, magnetization etc) at some temperatures when a strongly correlated electron system transits from the magnetic field induced Landau Fermi liquid (LFL) regime to the non-Fermi liquid (NFL) one taking place at rising temperatures. We show that the above kink-like peculiarity separates two distinct energy scales in QCP vicinity - low temperature LFL scale and high temperature one related to NFL regime. Our comprehensive theoretical analysis of experimental data permits to reveal for the first time new MR and kinks scaling behavior as well as to identify the physical reasons for above energy scales.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2008

Slow long-range decay of bound Hartree-Fock orbitals and enhancement of the exchange interaction and tunneling

Exchange interaction strongly influences the long-range behaviour of localised electron orbitals. It violates the oscillation theorem (creates extra nodes) and produces a power-law decay instead of the usual exponential decrease at large distances. For inner orbitals inside molecules decay is 1/r^2, for macroscopic systems cos(k_f r)/r^n, where k_f is the Fermi momentum and n=3 for 1D, n=3.5 for 2D and n=4 for 3D crystal. Slow decay increases the exchange interaction between localised spins and the under-barrier tunneling amplitude.The under-barrier transmission coefficients in solids (e.g. for point contacts) become temperature-dependent.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2008

Common field-induced quantum critical point in high-temperature superconductors and heavy-fermion metals

High-temperature superconductors (HTSC) and heavy-fermion (HF) metals exhibit extraordinary properties. They are so unusual that the traditional Landau paradigm of quasiparticles does not apply. It is widely believed that utterly new concepts are required to describe the underlying physics. There is a fundamental question: how many concepts do we need to describe the above physical mechanisms? This cannot be answered on purely experimental or theoretical grounds. Rather, we have to use both of them. Recently, in HTSC, the new and exciting measurements have been performed, demonstrating a puzzling magnetic field induced transition from non-Fermi liquid to Landau Fermi liquid behavior. We show, that in spite of very different microscopic nature of HTSC and HF metals, the behavior of HTSC is similar to that observed in HF compounds. We employ a theory, based on fermion condensation quantum phase transition which is able to resolve the above puzzles.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2008

Endohedral resonances: modification of atomic photoionization by the fullerenes shell

We discuss the complicated resonance structure of the endohedral atom photoionization cross section. Very strong enhancement and interference patterns in the photoionization cross-section of the valent and subvalent subshells of noble gas endohedral atoms A@C60 are demonstrated. It is shown also that the atomic Giant resonance can be either completely destroyed or remains almost untouched depending on the velocity of photoelectrons that are emitted in the resonance's decay process. These effects are results of dynamic modification of the incoming beam of radiation due to polarization of the fullerenes electron shell and reflection of photoelectrons be the fullerenes shell static potential. We have considered the outer np- and subvalent ns-subshells for Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe noble gas atoms. The modification of the Giant resonances is considered for a whole sequence of endohedrals with atoms and ions Xe, Ba, La, Ce+, Ce+4, Eu. The polarization of the fullerene shell is expressed via the total photoabsorption cross section. The photoelectron reflection from the static potential is taken into account in the frame of the so-called bubble potential that is a spherical -type potential.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2008

Distortion and preservation of Giant resonances in Endohedral Atoms A@C60

It is demonstrated in this Letter that the effect of the fullerene shell upon atomic Giant resonance decisively depends upon energy of photoelectrons, by which the resonance decay. According to the prediction in [1], the Giant resonance in Xe is strongly modified in the endohedral Xe@C60 being transformed from a single broad and powerful maximum in Xe into four quite narrow but with almost the same total oscillator strength. On the contrary, the 4d Giant resonances in ions Ce3+ (the electronic structure that Ce has, when stuffed into fullerene), in Ce4+, and Eu are considered. In none of them the 4d Giant resonance in endohedrals is affected essentially. This is because the decay of the Giant resonances in these endohedrals proceeds by emission of fast photoelectrons that are almost unaffected by the C60 shell. The results obtained give at least qualitative explanation to the fact that recent observation of 4d Giant resonance in Ce@C82+, where the Giant resonance was observed as a maximum without noticeable structure.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2007

Destruction and Resurrection of Atomic Giant resonances in Endohedral Atoms A@C60

It is demonstrated that in photoabsorption by endohedral atoms some atomic Giant resonances are almost completely destroyed while the others are totally preserved due to different action on it of the fullerenes shell. As the first example we discuss the 4d10 Giant resonance in Xe@C60 whereas as the second serves the Giant autoionization resonance in Eu@C60. The qualitative difference comes from the fact that photoelectrons from the 4d Giant resonance has small energies (tens of eV) and are strongly reflected by the C60 fullerenes shell. As to the Eu@C60, Giant autoionization leads to fast photoelectrons (about hundred eV) that go out almost untouched by the C60 shell. As a result of the outgoing electrons energy difference the atomic Giant resonances will be largely destroyed in A@C60 while the Giant autoionization resonance will be almost completely preserved. Thus, on the way from Xe@C60 Giant resonance to Eu@C60 Giant autoionization resonance the oscillation structure should disappear. Similar will be the decrease of oscillations on the way from pure Giant to pure Giant autoionization resonances for the angular anisotropy parameters. At Giant resonance frequencies the role of polarization of the fullerenes shell by the incoming photon beam is inessential. Quite different is the situation for the outer electrons in Eu@C60, the photoionization of which will be also considered.

physics.atm-clus↗

arXiv2007

Photoionization accompanied by excitation at intermediate photon energies

We calculate the photoionization with excitation-to photoionization ratios for atomic helium and heliumlike ions at intermediate values of the photon energies. The final state interactions between the electrons are included in the lowest order of their Sommerfeld parameter. This enables us, in contrast to purely numerical calculations to investigate the roles of various mechanisms contributing beyond the high energy limit. The system of the two bound electrons is described by the functions obtained by the Correlation Function Hyperspherical Harmonic Method. For the case of heliumlike ions we present the high energy limits as power expansion in inverse charge of the nucleus. We analyse the role of excitation of states with the nonzero orbital momenta.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2007

On photoionization of the subvalent subshells of noble gas endohedral atoms

We demonstrate strong interference patterns in the photoionization cross-section of the subvalent subshells of noble gas (NG) endohedral atoms NG@F. This interference is a result of common action of three factors: the effect of neighboring atomic subshells, reflection of photoelectron waves by the fullerene F shell and resonance modification of the incoming photon beam by the complex effect under the action of the F electrons. We have considered the outer ns-subshells for Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe noble gas atoms. The polarization of the fullerene shell is expressed via the F total photoabsorption cross section. The photoelectron reflection from the static F potential is taken into account in the frame of the so-called bubble potential that is a spherical zero--thickness type potential. It is assumed in the derivations that NG is centrally located in the fullerene. It is assumed also, in accordance with the available experimental data, that the fullerene radius is much bigger than the atomic radius and the thickness of the fullerene shell. These assumptions permit, as demonstrated recently, the NG@F photoionization cross section to be presented as a product of the NG subvalent cross section and two calculated factors that account for polarization of the F electron shell and reflection of photoelectrons by the fullerene static potential.

physics.atm-clus↗

arXiv2007

On the photoionization of the outer electrons in noble gas endohedral atoms

We demonstrate the prominent modification of the outer shell photoionization cross-section in noble gas (NG) endohedral atoms NG@F under the action of the fullerene F electron shell. This shell leads to two important effects, namely to strong enhancement of the cross-section due to fullerenes shell polarization under the action of the incoming electromagnetic wave and to prominent oscillation of this cross-section due to the reflection of the photoelectron from NG by the F shell. All but He noble gas atoms are considered. The polarization of the fullerene shell is expressed via the total photoabsorption cross-section of F. The reflection of the photoelectron is taken into account in the frame of the so-called bubble potential that is a spherical zero --thickness potential. It is assumed in the derivations that NG is centrally located in the fullerene. It is assumed also, in accord with the existing experimental data, that the fullerenes radius R is much bigger than the atomic radius and the thickness of the fullerenes shell . These assumptions permit, as it was demonstrated recently, to present the NG@F photoionization cross-section as a product of the NG cross-section and two well defined calculated factors.

physics.atm-clus↗

arXiv2007

Giant resonances of endohedral atoms

We demonstrate for the first time that the effect of fullerene shell upon photoionization of the "caged" atom in an endohedral can result in formation of Giant Endohedral Resonances or GER. This is illustrated by the concrete case of Xe@C60 photoionization cross-section that exhibits at 17 eV a powerful resonance with total oscillator strengths of about 25. The prominent modification of the 5p6 electron photoionization cross-section of Xe@C60 takes place due to strong fullerene shell polarization under the action of the incoming electromagnetic wave and oscillation of this cross-section due to the reflection of the photoelectron from Xe by the C60. These two factors transform the smoothly decreasing 5p6 cross-section of Xe into a rather complex curve with a powerful maximum for Xe@C60, with the oscillator strength being equal to 25! We present also the results for the dipole angular anisotropy parameter that is strongly affected by the reflection of the photoelectron waves but not modified by C60 polarization. The polarization of C60 is expressed via its total photoabsorption cross-section. The reflection of the photoelectron is taken into account in the frame of the so-called bubble potential that is a spherical delta-type potential.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2007

Photoionization of 3d electrons of Xe, Cs and Ba endohedral atoms: comparative analyses

We demonstrate rather interesting manifestations of co-existence of resonance features in characteristics of the photoionization of 3d-electrons in Xe, Cs and Ba endohedral atoms. It is shown that for all of the considered atoms the reflection by the fullerene shell of photoelectrons produced by the 3d subshell photoionization affects greatly partial photoionization cross-sections of 3d5/2 and 3d3/2 levels and respective angular anisotropy parameters, both dipole and non-dipole adding to all of them additional maximums and minimums. The results obtained demonstrate distinctive differences between the three atoms. The calculations are performed treating the 3/2 and 5/2 electrons as electrons of different kinds with their spins "up" and "down". The effect of C60 shell is accounted for in the frame of the "orange" skin potential model. It is essential that in the considered photon frequency region presented resonance features are not affected by the C60 polarization.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2007

On the angular distribution and spin polarization of the photoelectrons from semi-filled shell atoms

We present here the results of calculations of photoelectrons' angular anisotropy and spin-polarization parameters for a number of semi-filled shell atoms. We consider ionization of outer or in some cases next to the outer electrons in a number of elements from I, V, and VI groups of the Periodic Table. All calculations are performed with account of multi-electron correlations in the frame of the Spin Polarized version of the Random Phase Approximation with Exchange - SP RPAE. We consider the dipole angular distribution and spin polarization of photoelectrons from semi-filled subshells and from closed shells that are neighbors to the semi-filled shells. We have considered also angular anisotropy and spin-polarization of photoelectrons from some excited atoms that are formed by spin-flip of one of the outer electrons. To check the accuracy and consistency of the applied SP RPAE approach and to see the role of the nuclear charge variation only, we have calculated the dipole angular anisotropy and spin-polarization parameters of 3p - electrons in K and compare them to Ar and K+ that have the same configuration. Entirely, we have calculated the angular anisotropy and spin-polarization parameters for following subshells of atoms N (2p), P (3p), Ar (3p), K+(3p), K(3p), Cr(3p, 3d), Cr*(3d), Mn(3p, 3d), As(3d, 4p), Mo(4p, 4d), Mo*(4d), Tc(4p, 4d), Sb(4d, 5p), Eu(4f). The peculiarities of obtained parameters as function of photon frequencies are discussed, as well as some specific features of considered semi-filled shell objects.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2007

Octupole Contributions to the Generalized Oscillator Strengths of Discrete Dipole Transitions in Noble Gases

The generalized oscillator strengths (GOS) of discrete excitations np-nd, both dipole (L=1) and octupole (L=3) are studied, the latter for the first time. We demonstrate that although the relevant transitions in the same atom are closely located in energy, the dependence of their GOS on the momentum transfer q squared, is remarkably different, so that the GOS corresponding to L=3 have at least one extra maximum as a function of q squared and dominate over those of the L=1, starting from about q=1.25$ atomic unit (a.u.). The calculations were performed in the one particle Hartree-Fock approximation and with account of many-electron correlations via the Random Phase Approximation with Exchange. The GOS are studied for values of q squared up to 30 a.u.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2006

Photoionization and vacancy decay of endohedral atoms

We demonstrate the role played by the fullerene shell in the photoionization and vacancy decay of endohedral atoms A@C60. It is shown, partly in the frame of a rather simple model that describes the fullerene shell, partly using only the assumption on the smallness of the atom A in comparison to the size of C60 that it affects photoionization and the vacancy decay of A@C60 profoundly. Namely, it leads to a number of new resonances in photoionization cross-section and other photoionization characteristics as well as strong modifications of the vacancy decay probabilities and opening of new decay channels. We discuss the problem of photon propagation through the C60 shell and conclude that at any considered frequency, up to about 60 eV, the C60 enhances the incoming radiation. This shows non-metallic dielectric behavior of the 240 collectivized electrons in C60. We discuss also the C60 effects upon the fast electron inelastic scattering. The results obtained are valid qualitatively also for other than C60, e.g. for C70 or C76.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2006

Fast electron scattering as a tool to study target structure

We concentrate on several relatively new aspects of the study of fast electron scattering by atoms and atom-like objects, namely endohedral atoms and fullerenes. We show that the corresponding cross sections, being expressed via so-called Generalized Oscillator Strengths (GOS), give information on the electronic structure of the target and on the role of electron correlations in it. We consider what sort of information became available when analyzing the dependence of GOS upon their multipolarity, transferred momentum and energy. We demonstrate the role of nondipole corrections in the small-angle fast-electron inelastic scattering. There dipole contribution dominates while non-dipole corrections can be considerably and controllably enhanced as compared to the case of low and medium energy photoionization. We show also that analyses of GOS for discrete level excitations permit to clarify their multipolarity. The results of calculations of Compton excitation and ionization cross-sections for noble gas atoms are presented. Attention is given to cooperative effects in inelastic fast electron - atom scattering that results in directed motion of the secondary electrons, a phenomenon that is similar to drag currents in photoionization. We demonstrate how one should derive GOS for endohedral atoms, e.g. A@C60 and what is the additional information that can be obtained from corresponding GOS. Most of discussions are illustrated by the results of concrete calculations.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2006

Non-dipole angular anisotropy parameters of semi-filled shell atoms

We present the results of calculations of outer shell non-dipole angular anisotropy parameters for semi-filled shell atoms in the Hartree-Fock (HF) one-electron approximation and with account of inter-electron correlations in the frame of the Spin Polarized Random Phase Approximation with Exchange (SP RPAE). We demonstrate for the first time that this characteristic of photoionization process is essentially sensitive to the fact whether the photoelectron has the same or opposite spin orientation to that of the semi-filled shell.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2006

Photoionization of Xe 3d electrons in molecule Xe@C60: interplay of intra-doublet and confinement resonances

We demonstrate rather interesting manifestations of co-existence of resonance features in characteristics of the photoionization of 3d-electrons in Xe@C60. It is shown that the reflection of photoelectrons produced by the 3d Xe photoionization affects greatly partial photoionization cross-sections of and levels and respective angular anisotropy parameters, both dipole and non-dipole adding to all of them additional maximums and minimums. The calculations are performed treating the 3/2 and 5/2 electrons as electrons of different kinds with their spins "up" and "down". The effect of C60 shell is accounted for in the frame of the "orange" skin potential model.

physics.atom-ph↗