arXiv subjects

M. Zielinski

Publications and source records attributed to M. Zielinski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2015

Compressive Sensing of Signals Generated in Plastic Scintillators in a Novel J-PET Instrument

The J-PET scanner, which allows for single bed imaging of the whole human body, is currently under development at the Jagiellonian University. The dis- cussed detector offers improvement of the Time of Flight (TOF) resolution due to the use of fast plastic scintillators and dedicated electronics allowing for sam- pling in the voltage domain of signals with durations of few nanoseconds. In this paper we show that recovery of the whole signal, based on only a few samples, is possible. In order to do that, we incorporate the training signals into the Tikhonov regularization framework and we perform the Principal Component Analysis decomposition, which is well known for its compaction properties. The method yields a simple closed form analytical solution that does not require iter- ative processing. Moreover, from the Bayes theory the properties of regularized solution, especially its covariance matrix, may be easily derived. This is the key to introduce and prove the formula for calculations of the signal recovery error. In this paper we show that an average recovery error is approximately inversely proportional to the number of acquired samples.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2015

Determination of the polarization in the $\vec{p}p\to pp$ reaction with WASA-at-COSY detector

The dynamics of $η$-meson production and the interaction of $η$-mesons with nucleons can be studied using the $\vec{p}p\to ppη$ reaction via measurements of the analyzing power $A_{y}$. To this end, we have performed a measurement of the $\vec{p}p\to ppη$ reaction using the WASA-at-COSY detector, which provides large acceptance and is $φ$-symmetric. The experiment was carried out for beam momenta of $2026$ MeV/c and $2188$ MeV/c. In this article we present a method and results for the determination of the degree of the beam polarization.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2015

Search for polarization effects in the antiproton production process

For the production of a polarized antiproton beam various methods have been suggested including the possibility that antiprotons may be produced polarized which will be checked experimentally. The polarization of antiprotons produced under typical conditions for antiproton beam preparation will be measured at the CERN/PS. If the production process creates some polarization a polarized antiproton beam could be prepared by a rather simple modification of the antiproton beam facility. The detection setup and the expected experimental conditions are described.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2014

Determinisitic Writing and Control of the Dark Exciton Spin using Short Single Optical Pulses

We demonstrate that the quantum dot-confined dark exciton forms a long-lived integer spin solid state qubit which can be deterministically on-demand initiated in a pure state by one optical pulse. Moreover, we show that this qubit can be fully controlled using short optical pulses, which are several orders of magnitude shorter than the life and coherence times of the qubit. Our demonstrations do not require an externally applied magnetic field and they establish that the quantum dot-confined dark exciton forms an excellent solid state matter qubit with some advantages over the half-integer spin qubits such as the confined electron and hole, separately. Since quantum dots are semiconductor nanostructures that allow integration of electronic and photonic components, the dark exciton may have important implications on implementations of quantum technologies consisting of semiconductor qubits.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2014

Atomistic theory of dark excitons in self-assembled quantum dots of reduced symmetry

We use an atomistic model to consider the effect of shape symmetry breaking on the optical properties of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots. In particular, we investigate the energy level structure and optical activity of the lowest energy excitons in these nanostructures. We compare between quantum dots with two-fold rotational and two reflections (C2v) symmetry and quantum dots in which this symmetry was reduced to one reflection only (Cs) by introducing a facet between the quantum dots and the host material. We show that the symmetry reduction mostly affects the optical activity of the dark exciton. While in symmetric quantum dots, one of the dark exciton eigenstates has a small dipole moment polarized along the symmetry axis (growth direction) of the quantum dot, in non-symmetric ones, the two dark excitons' dipole moments are predominantly cross-linearly polarized perpendicular to the growth direction and reveal pronounced polarization anisotropy. Our model calculations agree quantitatively with recently obtained experimental data.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2014

Novel method for hit-position reconstruction using voltage signals in plastic scintillators and its application to Positron Emission Tomography

Currently inorganic scintillator detectors are used in all commercial Time of Flight Positron Emission Tomograph (TOF-PET) devices. The J-PET collaboration investigates a possibility of construction of a PET scanner from plastic scintillators which would allow for single bed imaging of the whole human body. This paper describes a novel method of hit-position reconstruction based on sampled signals and an example of an application of the method for a single module with a 30 cm long plastic strip, read out on both ends by Hamamatsu R4998 photomultipliers. The sampling scheme to generate a vector with samples of a PET event waveform with respect to four user-defined amplitudes is introduced. The experimental setup provides irradiation of a chosen position in the plastic scintillator strip with an annihilation gamma quanta of energy 511~keV. The statistical test for a multivariate normal (MVN) distribution of measured vectors at a given position is developed, and it is shown that signals sampled at four thresholds in a voltage domain are approximately normally distributed variables. With the presented method of a vector analysis made out of waveform samples acquired with four thresholds, we obtain a spatial resolution of about 1 cm and a timing resolution of about 80 ps

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2014

Determination of the eta'-proton scattering length in free space

Taking advantage of both the high mass resolution of the COSY-11 detector and the high energy resolution of the low-emittance proton-beam of the Cooler Synchrotron COSY we determine the excitation function for the pp --> pp eta' reaction close-to-threshold. Combining these data with previous results we extract the scattering length for the eta'-proton potential in free space to be Re(a_{p eta'}) = 0+-0.43 fm and Im(a_{p eta'}) = 0.37(+0.40)(-0.16) fm.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2014

The emergence of classical behavior in magnetic adatoms

A wide class of nanomagnets shows striking quantum behavior, known as quantum spin tunneling (QST): instead of two degenerate ground states with opposite magnetizations, a bonding-antibonding pair forms, resulting in a splitting of the ground state doublet with wave functions linear combination of two classically opposite magnetic states, leading to the quenching of their magnetic moment. Here we study how QST is destroyed and classical behavior emerges in the case of magnetic adatoms, as the strength of their coupling, either to the substrate or to each other, is increased. Both spin-substrate and spin-spin coupling renormalize the QST splitting to zero allowing the environmental decoherence to eliminate superpositions between classical states, leading to the emergence of spontaneous magnetization.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2014

Study of the eta meson production with polarized proton beam

The pp-> pp eta reaction was investigated at excess energies of 15 MeV and 72 MeV using the azimuthally symmetric WASA detector and a polarized proton beam of the Cooler Synchrotron COSY. The aim of the studies is the determination of partial wave contributions to the production process of the eta meson in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Here we present preliminary results of the extraction of the position of the interaction region with respect to the WASA detector and preliminary results on the degree of polarization of the COSY proton beam used in the experiment.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2013

Test of charge conjugation invariance in eta->pi0 e+e- and eta->pi+pi-pi0 decays

Charge conjugation C is one of the fundamental symmetries in nature which transforms particles into antiparticles. This symmetry was studied in weak interaction where it is fully violated, but it is poorly known in the strong and electromagnetic interactions. To this end, in this thesis we investigated eta->pi+pi-pi0 and eta->pi0 e+e- decays, which might violate charge conjugation symmetry. The violation of C symmetry in eta->pi+pi-pi0 process could manifest itself as an asymmetry between energy spectra of charged pions. The eta->pi0 e+e- decay is forbidden by C symmetry in the first order of electromagnetic interaction, with the branching ratio on a level of 10^-8. Therefore, observation of a larger branching ratio could indicate a mechanism involving first order electromagnetic interaction violating charge conjugation. Both decays were investigated by means of the WASA-at-COSY detector operating at the COSY synchrotron at the Forchungszentrum Julich in Germany. The eta meson was produced via pp->pp eta reaction at the proton beam momentum of 2.14GeV/c. In total around 5x10^7 eta mesons were collected. As a result of the analysis conducted in the framework of this thesis a Dalitz Plot distribution for the eta->pi+pi-pi0 decay was obtained. From this distribution we extracted asymmetry parameters sensitive to C symmetry violation for different isospin values of the final state and we have established that all are consistent with zero within the obtained accuracy. For the eta->pi0 e+e- decay we have not observe signal and thus we estimated an upper limit for the branching ratio. The established upper limit amounts to $BR(eta->pi0 e+e-)<3.7x10^-5 at the 90% confidence level. This result is more precise than previously obtained in other experiments.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2012

Test of charge conjugation invariance in the decay of the eta meson into pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)

In this work we present the preliminary results of the analysis of the pp->pp eta(->pp pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) reaction aiming to test the charge conjugation symmetry C in strong interactions. Based on approximately $10^5$ identified eta->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) decay events we have extracted asymmetry parameters sensitive to C symmetry violation for different isospin values of the final state and we have established that all are consistent with zero within the obtained accuracy.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2012

Trapped Antihydrogen in Its Ground State

Antihydrogen atoms are confined in an Ioffe trap for 15 to 1000 seconds -- long enough to ensure that they reach their ground state. Though reproducibility challenges remain in making large numbers of cold antiprotons and positrons interact, 5 +/- 1 simultaneously-confined ground state atoms are produced and observed on average, substantially more than previously reported. Increases in the number of simultaneously trapped antithydrogen atoms are critical if laser-cooling of trapped antihydrogen is to be demonstrated, and spectroscopic studies at interesting levels of precision are to be carried out.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2011

Second-harmonic generation from coupled plasmon modes in a single dimer of gold nanospheres

We show that a dimer made of two gold nanospheres exhibits a remarkable efficiency for second-harmonic generation under femtosecond optical excitation. The detectable nonlinear emission for the given particle size and excitation wavelength arises when the two nanoparticles are as close as possible to contact, as in situ controlled and measured using the tip of an atomic force microscope. The excitation wavelength dependence of the second-harmonic signal supports a coupled plasmon resonance origin with radiation from the dimer gap. This nanometer-size light source might be used for high-resolution near-field optical microscopy.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2010

Measurement of the eta->pi+pi-pi0 decay with WASA-at-COSY detector

One of the objectives of the physics programme of the WASA-at-COSY facility is to study the isospin violating eta hadronic decays into pi+pi-pi0$ systems driven by the term of QCD Lagrangian which depends on the d and u quark mass difference. These studies can be made in terms of the Dalitz plot parameters describing the density population which is proportional to the square of the amplitude |A(x,y)|^2. This contribution describes the current status of the analysis of the eta->pi+pi-pi0 decay in the pd->3He eta and as well in the pp->pp eta reaction with WASA-at-COSY.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2010

Determination of the total width of the eta' meson

Taking advantage of both the low-emittance proton-beam of the Cooler Synchrotron COSY and the high momentum precision of the COSY-11 detector system, the mass distribution of the eta' meson was measured with a resolution of 0.33 MeV/c^2 (FWHM), improving the experimental mass resolution by almost an order of magnitude with respect to previous results. Based on the sample of more than 2300 reconstructed pp --> pp eta' events the total width of the eta' meson was determined to be 0.226 +- 0.017(stat.) +- 0.014(syst.) MeV/c^2.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2010

Two-proton correlation function for the pp -> pp+eta and pp -> pp+pions reactions

For the very first time, the correlation femtoscopy method is applied to a kinematically complete measurement of meson production in the collisions of hadrons. A two-proton correlation function was derived from the data for the pp -> ppX reaction, measured near the threshold of eta meson production. A technique developed for the purpose of this analysis permitted to establish the correlation function separately for the production of the pp+eta and of the pp+pions systems. The shape of the two-proton correlation function for the ppeta differs from that for the pp(pions) and both do not show a peak structure opposite to results determined for inclusive measurements of heavy ion collisions.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2010

Upper limit of the total cross section for the pn --> pn eta' reaction

The upper limit of the total cross section for the pn --> pn eta' reaction has been determined near the kinematical threshold in the excess energy range from 0 to 24 MeV. The measurement was performed using the COSY-11 detector setup, a deuteron cluster target, and the proton beam of COSY with a momentum of 3.35 GeV/c. The energy dependence of the upper limit of the cross section was extracted exploiting the Fermi momenta of nucleons inside the deuteron. Comparison of the determined upper limit of the ratio R_eta' = sigma(pn --> pn eta') / sigma(pp --> pp eta') with the corresponding ratio for eta-meson production does not favor the dominance of the N*(1535) resonance in the production process of the eta' meson and suggests nonidentical production mechanisms for eta and eta' mesons.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2010

Measurement of the invariant mass distributions for the pp -> ppeta' reaction at excess energy of Q = 16.4 MeV

The proton-proton and proton-eta' invariant mass distributions have been determined for the pp -> ppeta' reaction at an excess energy of Q = 16.4 MeV. The measurement was carried out using the COSY-11 detector setup and the proton beam of the cooler synchrotron COSY. The shapes of the determined invariant mass distributions are similar to those of the pp -> ppeta reaction and reveal an enhancement for large relative proton-proton momenta. This result, together with the fact that the proton-eta interaction is much stronger that the proton-eta' interaction, excludes the hypothesis that the observed enhancement is caused by the interaction between the proton and the meson.

nucl-ex↗