arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Manuel de León.
In this paper we study the coisotropic reduction in different types of dynamics according to the geometry of the corresponding phase space. The relevance of the coisotropic reduction is motivated by the fact that these dynamics can always be interpreted as Lagrangian or Legendrian submanifolds. Furthermore, Lagrangian or Legendrian submanifolds can be reduced by a coisotropic one.
The nonholonomic dynamics can be described by the so-called nonholonomic bracket on the constrained submanifold, which is a non-integrable modification of the Poisson bracket of the ambient space, in this case, of the canonical bracket on the cotangent bundle of the configuration manifold. On the other hand, another bracket, also called nonholonomic bracket, was defined using the description of the problem in terms of skew-symmetric algebroids. Recently, reviewing two older papers by R. J. Eden, we have defined a new bracket which we call Eden bracket. In the present paper, we prove that these three brackets coincide. Moreover, the description of the nonholonomic bracket à la Eden has allowed us to make important advances in the study of Hamilton-Jacobi theory and the quantization of nonholonomic systems.
Vlasov kinetic theory is the dynamics of a bunch of particles flowing according to symplectic Hamiltonian dynamics. More recently, this geometry has been extended to contact Hamiltonian dynamics. In this paper, we introduce geometric kinetic theories within the framework of cosymplectic and cocontact manifolds to extend the present literature to time-dependent dynamics. The cosymplectic and the cocontact kinetic theories are obtained in terms of both momentum variables and density functions. These alternative realizations are linked via Poisson/momentum maps. Furthermore, in cocontact geometry, we introduce a hierarchical analysis of nine distinct dynamical motions as various manifestations of Hamiltonian, evolution, and gradient flows.
We study the dynamics of contact mechanical systems on Lie groups that are invariant under a Lie group action. Analogously to standard mechanical systems on Lie groups, existing symmetries allow for reducing the number of equations. Thus, we obtain Euler-Poincaré-Herglotz equations on the extended reduced phase space $\mathfrak{g}\times \R$ associated with the extended phase space $TG\times \R$, where the configuration manifold $G$ is a Lie group and $\mathfrak{g}$ its Lie algebra. Furthermore, we obtain the Hamiltonian counterpart of these equations by studying the underlying Jacobi structure. Finally, we extend the reduction process to the case of symmetry-breaking systems which are invariant under a Lie subgroup of symmetries.
The nonholonomic dynamics can be described by the so-called nonholonomic bracket in the constrained submanifold, which is a non-integrable modification of the Poisson bracket of the ambient space, in this case, of the canonical bracket in the cotangent bundle of the configuration manifold. This bracket was defined by Cantrijn et al. and Ibort et al., although there was already some particular and less direct definition. On the other hand, another bracket, also called noholonomic, was defined using the description of the problem in terms of almost Lie algebroids. Recently, reviewing two older papers by R. J. Eden, we have defined a new bracket which we call Eden bracket. In the present paper, we prove that these three brackets coincide. Moreover, the description of the nonholonomic bracket à la Eden has allowed us to make important advances in the study of Hamilton-Jacobi theory and the quantization of nonholonomic systems.
In this paper, we study the integrability of contact Hamiltonian systems, both time-dependent and independent. In order to do so, we construct a Hamilton--Jacobi theory for these systems following two approaches, obtaining two different Hamilton--Jacobi equations. Compared to conservative Hamiltonian systems, contact Hamiltonian systems depend of one additional parameter. The fact of obtaining two equations reflects whether we are looking for solutions depending on this additional parameter or not. In order to illustrate the theory developed in this paper, we study three examples: the free particle with a linear external force, the freely falling particle with linear dissipation and the damped and forced harmonic oscillator.
Contact geometry allows to describe some thermodynamic and dissipative systems. In this paper we introduce a new geometric structure in order to describe time-dependent contact systems: cocontact manifolds. Within this setting we develop the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalisms, both in the regular and singular cases. In the singular case, we present a constraint algorithm aiming to find a submanifold where solutions exist. As a particular case we study contact systems with holonomic time-dependent constraints. Some regular and singular examples are analyzed, along with numerical simulations.
A new geometric framework is developed to describe non-conservative classical field theories, which is based on multisymplectic and contact geometries. Assuming certain additional conditions and using the forms that define this multicontact structure, as well as other geometric elements that are derived from them, we can introduce variational field equations in the multicontact manifolds. These equations are stated using different geometric tools; namely, sections, multivector fields and Ehresmann connections in fiber bundles. Then, this framework can be adapted to the jet bundle description of classical field theories and the field equations are stated both in the Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian formalisms, which are discussed in the regular and the singular cases.
We describe geometrically contact Lagrangian systems under impulsive forces and constraints, as well as instantaneous nonholonomic constraints which are not uniform along the configuration space. In both situations, the vector field describing the dynamics of a contact Lagrangian system is determined by defining projectors to evaluate the constraints by using a Riemannian metric. In particular, we introduce the Herglotz equations for contact Lagrangian systems subject to instantaneous nonholonomic constraints. Moreover, we provide a Carnot-type theorem for contact Lagrangian systems subject to impulsive forces and constraints, which characterizes the changes of energy due to contact-type dissipation and impulsive forces. We illustrate the applicability of the method with practical examples, in particular, a rolling cylinder on a springily surface and a rolling sphere on a non-uniform surface, both with dissipation.
In this paper, the theory of smooth action-dependent Lagrangian mechanics (also known as contact Lagrangians) is extended to a non-smooth context appropriate for collision problems. In particular, we develop a Herglotz variational principle for non-smooth action-dependent Lagrangians which leads to the preservation of energy and momentum at impacts. By defining appropriately a Legendre transform, we can obtain the Hamilton equations of motion for the corresponding non-smooth Hamiltonian system. We apply the result to a billiard problem in the presence of dissipation.
Cosymplectic geometry has been proven to be a very useful geometric background to describe time-dependent Hamiltonian dynamics. In this work, we address the globalization problem of locally cosymplectic Hamiltonian dynamics that failed to be globally defined. We investigate both the geometry of locally conformally cosymplectic (abbreviated as LCC) manifolds and the Hamiltonian dynamics constructed on such LCC manifolds. Further, we provide a geometric Hamilton-Jacobi theory on this geometric framework.
This paper discusses Routh reduction for simple hybrid forced mechanical systems. We give general conditions on whether it is possible to perform symmetry reduction for a simple hybrid Lagrangian system subject to non-conservative external forces, emphasizing the case of case of cyclic coordinates. We illustrate the applicability of the symmetry reduction procedure with an example and numerical simulations.
This paper is devoted to discrete mechanical systems subject to external forces. We introduce a discrete version of systems with Rayleigh-type forces, obtain the equations of motion and characterize the equivalence for these systems. Additionally, we obtain a Noether's theorem and other theorem characterizing the Lie subalgebra of symmetries of a forced discrete Lagrangian system. Moreover, we develop a Hamilton-Jacobi theory for forced discrete Hamiltonian systems. These results are useful for the construction of so-called variational integrators, which, as we illustrate with some examples, are remarkably superior to the usual numerical integrators such as the Runge-Kutta method.
We show that the contact dynamics obtained from the Herglotz variational principle can be described as a constrained nonholonomic or vakonomic ordinary Lagrangian system depending on a dissipative variable with an adequate choice of one constraint. As a consequence we obtain the dynamics of contact nonholonomic and vakonomic systems as ordinary variational calculus with constraints on a Lagrangian with a dissipative variable. The variation of the energy and the other dissipative quantities are also obtained giving the usual results.
In this paper, we develop a Hamilton-Jacobi theory for forced Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems. We study the complete solutions, particularize for Rayleigh systems and present some examples. Additionally, we present a method for the reduction and reconstruction of the Hamilton-Jacobi problem for forced Hamiltonian systems with symmetry. Furthermore, we consider the reduction of the Hamilton-Jacobi problem for a Čaplygin system to the Hamilton-Jacobi problem for a forced Lagrangian system.
We present several results on the inverse problem and equivalent contactLagrangian systems. These problems naturally lead to consider smooth transformations on the z variable (i.e., reparametrizations of the action). We present the extended contact Lagrangian systems to formalize this notion. With this structure we define horizontal equivalence of Lagrangians, which generalizes the symplectic case. We also present some results on the inverse problem for extended contact systems.
In this paper we propose a Hamilton-Jacobi theory for implicit contact Hamiltonian systems in two different ways. One is the understanding of implicit contact Hamiltonian dynamics as a Legendrian submanifold of the tangent contact space, and another is as a Lagrangian submanifold of a certain symplectic space embedded into the tangent contact space. In these two scenarios, we propose a Hamilton-Jacobi theory specifically derived with the aid of Herglotz Lagrangian dynamics generated by non-regular Lagrangian functions.
We are proposing Tulczyjew's triple for contact dynamics. The most important ingredients of the triple, namely symplectic diffeomorphisms, special symplectic manifolds, and Morse families, are generalized to the contact framework. These geometries permit us to determine so-called generating family (obtained by merging a special contact manifold and a Morse family) for a Legendrian submanifold. Contact Hamiltonian and Lagrangian Dynamics are recast as Legendrian submanifolds of the tangent contact manifold. In this picture, the Legendre transformation is determined to be a passage between two different generators of the same Legendrian submanifold. A variant of contact Tulczyjew's triple is constructed for evolution contact dynamics.