arXiv subjects

Meiting Song

Publications and source records attributed to Meiting Song.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Single- and Two-Qubit Gates Driven by an Integrated Photonic Laser

Trapped ions are a leading technology for quantum computing, but their reliance on bespoke tabletop laser and optical systems remains a major obstacle to scaling and robustness. Integrated silicon nitride lasers, compatible with future monolithic integration with surface electrode ion traps, have recently demonstrated frequency-selective qubit state preparation and measurement as well as interrogation of an optical clock transition. However, coherent qubit gates driven by integrated laser sources have not yet been demonstrated because coherent quantum logic imposes substantially more stringent performance requirements on the laser. Here, we use a visible-wavelength integrated Brillouin laser stabilized to an integrated coil resonator to drive coherent single- and two-qubit gates with $^{88}$Sr$^+$ optical qubits. We measure an average single-qubit fidelity of 99.61% $\pm$ 0.03% per Clifford gate with randomized benchmarking and use a two-qubit M{\o}lmer-S{\o}rensen interaction to generate an entangled Bell state with a fidelity of 92.35% $\pm$ 1.50%. The qubit exhibits a bare Ramsey coherence time of 660 $\pm$ 9 $\mu$s, extended to 1.750 $\pm$ 0.033 ms by spin echo. These results demonstrate that integrated visible-wavelength narrow-linewidth photonic lasers can meet the phase-noise requirements for coherent trapped ion quantum logic, providing a path for scalable optical systems integrated within trapped ion quantum processors.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2026

Heterogeneously Integrated Balanced Photodetector on an Ultra-Low Loss Silicon Nitride Delay Line Interferometer

Thin core silicon nitride photonics enables ultra-low loss, CMOS foundry compatible integration that supports wavelengths from the visible to shortwave infrared. Applications that can benefit from the resulting lower cost, improved robustness, and portability include quantum sensing and computing, ultra-low noise microwave generation, optical clocks, optical gyros, coherent fiber communications, and fiber sensing. An important next step is integration of functional circuits and systems on chip with heterogeneous integration of active components such as high-performance photodetection. Yet to date integrated high-performance photodetectors on the thin film silicon nitride platform has remained elusive. In this work, we demonstrate heterogeneous integration of an InGaAs on InP substrate Modified Uni-Traveling Carrier balanced photodetector with a 15-meter-long unbalanced thin core silicon nitride Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with a bandwidth of 0.92 GHz and a responsivity of 0.305 A/W at 1550 nm with a propagation loss as low as 2.5 dB/m at 1600 nm. Using this circuit we demonstrate two functions, a meter-scale differential interferometer laser stabilization circuit achieving a nearly 23 dB noise suppression at 1 kHz offset and an optical frequency discriminator frequency noise measurement with high sensitivity across 6 orders of magnitude from 10 Hz to 10 MHz. These results demonstrate that the high performance of thin core silicon nitride devices can be combined with integrated high-performance photodetection to realize on-chip stabilized lasers and circuits and pave the path towards full systems on chip.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2026

Ultra-Low-Noise Brillouin Hybrid Synthetic Laser for Sub-Hertz Lattice Clock Spectroscopy

Frequency-stable lasers enable high-fidelity quantum state manipulation, which forms the basis of optical atomic clocks, quantum sensing, and quantum computation. Performing state manipulations at increasingly high speeds requires attention to laser frequency noise at high Fourier (carrier-offset) frequencies that cannot be addressed by traditional cavity stabilization alone. Scalable operations also benefit from device miniaturization. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid laser stabilization approach that combines ultrahigh frequency stability of a cryogenic silicon cavity with high-Fourier-frequency noise suppression of an integrated Brillouin laser. The combined system suppresses frequency noise over a Fourier span of more than 7 decades, yielding a <1 Hz phase-integrated linewidth and 0.2 Hz^2/Hz frequency noise at Fourier frequencies above 10 MHz. The performance of this hybrid laser is confirmed by sub-Hz Rabi spectroscopy with a three-dimensional ^{87}Sr lattice clock. This work demonstrates record-low frequency noise at 698 nm over an extensive Fourier frequency range and highlights the promise of precision clock spectroscopy using a chip-scale integrated laser technology.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2025

Octave Spanning Visible to SWIR Integrated Coil-Stabilized Brillouin Lasers

Narrow linewidth stabilized lasers are central to precision applications that operate across the visible to short-wave infrared wavelengths, including optical clocks, quantum sensing and computing, ultra-low noise microwave generation, and fiber sensing. Today, these spectrally pure sources are realized using multiple external cavity tabletop lasers locked to bulk-optic free-space reference cavities. Integration of this technology will enable portable precision applications with improved reliability and robustness. Here, we report wavelength-flexible design and operation, over more than an octave span, of an integrated coil-resonator-stabilized Brillouin laser architecture. Leveraging a versatile two-stage noise reduction approach, we achieve low linewidths and high stability with chip-scale laser designs based on the ultra-low-loss, CMOS-compatible silicon nitride platform. We report operation at 674 and 698 nm for applications to strontium neutral and trapped-ion clocks, quantum sensing and computing, and at 1550 nm for applications to fiber sensing and ultra-low phase noise microwave generation. Over this range we demonstrate frequency noise reduction from 1 Hz to 10 MHz resulting in 1.0 Hz -17 Hz fundamental and 181 Hz - 630 Hz integral linewidths and an Allan deviation of 6.5 x 10-13 at 1 ms for 674 nm, 6.0 x 10-13 at 15 ms for 698 nm, and 2.6 x10-13 at 15 ms for 1550 nm. This represents the lowest achieved linewidths and highest stability for integrated stabilized Brillouin lasers over an order of magnitude improvement in operating wavelength range. These results unlock the potential of integrated, ultra-low-phase-noise stabilized lasers for precision applications and further integration in systems-on-chip solutions.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2025

Photonic chip-based optical frequency division with PZT-integrated soliton microcombs

Optical frequency division (OFD) produces low-noise microwave and millimeter-wave signals by transferring the exceptional stability of optical references to electronic frequency domains. Recent developments in integrated optical references and soliton microcombs have paved the way for miniaturizing OFD oscillators to chip scale. Critical to this realization is a rapid tunable frequency comb that is stabilized to the optical references, thereby coherently linking optical and electronic frequencies. In this work, we advance the on-chip OFD technology using an integrated high-speed PZT stress-optic actuator on the SiN soliton microcomb resonator. The integrated PZT actuator tunes the resonance frequency of the soliton-generating microresonator with a bandwidth exceeding 10s MHz and independently adjusts the soliton repetition rate without perturbing the frequency comb offset. Optical frequency division and low-noise mmWave generation are demonstrated by feedback control of the soliton repetition rate through the integrated PZT-actuator, and the soliton microcomb is stabilized to a pair of reference lasers that are locked to an integrated 4-meter SiN coil reference cavity. Our approach provides a fast, versatile and integrated control mechanism for OFD oscillators and their applications in advanced communications, sensing, and precise timing.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2025

Development of a Chip-Scale Optical Gyroscope with Weak Measurement Amplification Readout

The design of an integrated optical chip is proposed containing a rotation sensing ring resonator (optical gyroscope) coupled to an inverse weak value amplified Sagnac interferometer that amplifies the signal containing the phase information. We show that, for conservative parameter choices, our setup has a minimum detectable angular rotation rate of 0.1 deg/hr and an Allan deviation of 0.08 deg/hr under expected ideal conditions. We also show that for an appropriate amount of input power, our design can improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the precision of angular rotation rate, and error in detection by more than ten times compared to a Sagnac interferometer coupled to a ring resonator.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2023

Ultrabroadband, high color purity multispectral color filter arrays

Multispectral imagers that capture spatial and spectral information are of growing importance in various fields, particularly in remote sensing and metrology. To enable integrated snapshot multispectral imagers and eliminate the drawbacks of traditional systems, such as bulkiness and slow scanning mechanisms, miniature, broadband multispectral filter arrays with narrow line widths, high transmission, and CMOS compatibility are essential. However, current miniature filter arrays, primarily based on diffraction nanostructures, suffer from limitations such as small working bandwidth, low transmission, poor color purity, and sensitivity to polarization and incident angles. To address these challenges, we present a high-order Fabry-Perot Multispectral Filter Array (MSFA) with selective peak suppression, leveraging subwavelength structures for filter tuning without changing the physical thickness and employing an ultrathin metal layer to exploit high-order resonances, significantly extending the working range and spectral resolution. High color purity across a broad range (400nm-1000nm) is made possible through optical absorption from polysilicon and selective suppression from a platinum layer. The fabricated color filter arrays cover wavelengths from 622nm to 960nm, with Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) ranging from 13nm to 31nm and average transmissions exceeding 60%. Furthermore, these filters can be downscaled to sizes compatible with modern CMOS imagers, reaching dimensions as small as 1um. The introduction of a resonance combining design further extends the working range (455nm-960nm), aligning with the capabilities of silicon photodetectors. Its adaptability across wavelength ranges and potential for tunable applications hold promise for transformative imaging and display technologies across a wide spectrum.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2022

Engineered second-order nonlinearity in silicon nitride

The lack of a bulk second-order nonlinearity (\c{hi}(2)) in silicon nitride (Si3N4) keeps this low-loss, CMOS-compatible platform from key active functions such as Pockels electro-optic (EO) modulation and efficient second harmonic generation (SHG). We demonstrate a successful induction of \c{hi}(2) in Si3N4 through electrical poling with an externally-applied field to align the Si-N bonds. This alignment breaks the centrosymmetry of Si3N4, and enables the bulk \c{hi}(2). The sample is heated to over 500°C to facilitate the poling. The comparison between the EO responses of poled and non-poled Si3N4, measured using a Si3N4 micro-ring modulator, shows at least a 25X enhancement in the r33 EO component. The maximum \c{hi}(2) we obtain through poling is 0.24pm/V. We observe a remarkable improvement in the speed of the measured EO responses from 3GHz to 15GHz (3dB bandwidth) after the poling, which confirms the \c{hi}(2) nature of the EO response induced by poling. This work paves the way for high-speed active functions on the Si3N4 platform.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2021

Enhanced on-chip frequency measurement using weak value amplification

We present an integrated design to precisely measure optical frequency using weak value amplification with a multi-mode interferometer. The technique involves introducing a weak perturbation to the system and then post-selecting the data in such a way that the signal is amplified without amplifying the technical noise, as has previously been demonstrated in a free-space setup. We demonstrate the advantages of a Bragg grating with two band gaps for obtaining simultaneous, stable high transmission and high dispersion. We numerically model the interferometer in order to demonstrate the amplification effect. The device is shown to have advantages over both the free-space implementation and other methods of measuring optical frequency on a chip, such as an integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2018

Fiber to Chip Fusion Splicing for Robust, Low Loss Photonic Packaging

Silicon photonic devices are poised to enter high volume markets such as data-communications, telecommunications, biological sensing, and optical phased arrays; however, permanently attaching a fiber to the photonic chip with high optical efficiency remains a challenge. We present a robust and low-loss packaging technique of permanent optical edge coupling between a fiber and a chip using fusion splicing which is low-cost and scalable to high volume manufacturing. We fuse a SMF-28 cleaved fiber to the chip via CO$_2$ laser and reinforce it with optical adhesive. We demonstrate minimum loss of 1.0dB per-facet with 0.6dB penalty over 160nm bandwidth from 1480nm-1640nm.

physics.app-ph↗