arXiv subjects

N. Kobayashi

Publications and source records attributed to N. Kobayashi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

arXiv2005

High-Tc superconductivity in entirely end-bonded multi-walled carbon nanotubes

We report that entirely end-bonded multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) can show superconductivity with the transition temperature Tc as high as 12K that is approximately 40-times larger than those reported in ropes of single-walled nanotubes. We find that emergence of this superconductivity is very sensitive to junction structures of Au electrode/MWNTs. This reveals that only MWNTs with optimal numbers of electrically activated shells, which are realized by the end-bonding, can allow the superconductivity due to inter shell effects.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2005

Afterglow spectrum of a gamma-ray burst with the highest known redshift z=6.295

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows have been proposed as an excellent probe to study the evolution of cosmic star formation, the reionization of the intergalactic medium, and the metal enrichment history of the universe, since the prompt gamma-ray emission of GRBs should be detectable out to distances z>10. Hitherto, the highest measured redshift for a GRB has been z=4.50. Here we report the optical spectrum of the afterglow of GRB 050904 obtained 3.4 days after the burst. The spectrum shows a clear continuum at the long wavelength end of the spectrum with a sharp cutoff at around 9000 A due to Ly alpha absorption at a redshift of 6.3 with a damping wing. Little flux is present in the waveband shortward of the Ly alpha break. A system of absorption lines of heavy elements at redshift z=6.295 +- 0.002 were also detected, yielding a precise measurement of the largest known redshift of a GRB. Analysis of the Si II fine structure lines suggest a dense metal-enriched environment around the GRB progenitor, providing unique information on the properties of the gas in a galaxy when the universe was younger than one billion years.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2005

Phase separation in the vicinity of the surface of $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br by fast cooling

Partial suppression of superconductivity by fast cooling has been observed in the organic superconductor $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br by two means: a marked sample size effect on the magnetic susceptibility and direct imaging of insulating regions by scanning microregion infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Macroscopic insulating regions are found in the vicinity of the crystalline surface after fast cooling, with diameters of 50--100 $μ$m and depths of a few $μ$m. The very large in-plane penetration depth reported to date ($\sim$ 24--100 $μ$m) can be explained by the existence of the insulating regions.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2005

X-ray and Near-infrared Studies of a Star-forming Cloud; L1448

We present the results of X-ray and near-infrared (NIR) observations of L1448, a star-forming region in the Perseus cloud complex using the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the 4 m telescope at the Kitt Peak National Observatory. We detect 72 X-ray sources in a ~17 arcmin x 17 arcmin region with a ~68 ks ACIS exposure, for which we conduct follow-up NIR imaging observations in a concentric ~11 arcmin x 11 arcmin region with FLAMINGOS down to m_Ks ~ 17 mag. Twelve X-ray sources have NIR or optical counterparts. By plotting X-ray mean energy versus NIR to X-ray flux ratio, the X-ray sources are clearly separated into two groups. The X-ray spectral and temporal features as well as NIR magnitudes and colors indicate that one group mainly consists of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the cloud and the other of background extragalactic sources. Ten X-ray-emitting YSO candidates are thus newly identified, which are low-mass or brown dwarf mass sources from their NIR magnitudes. In addition, a possible X-ray signal is found from a mid-infrared protostar L1448 IRS 3(A). The lack of detection of this source in our deep NIR images indicates that this source has a very steep spectral slope of > 3.2 in 2--10 micron.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2005

Search for H3+ in HD141569A

A search for H3+ line emission, reported to have been detected toward the young star HD 141569A and possibly originating in a clump of planet-forming gas orbiting the star, has yielded negative results. Observations made at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope and at the Subaru Telescope during 2001-2005 covered 11 major transitions of H3+ from 3.42 to 3.99 um. No H3+ emission lines were detected; one marginal detection at 3.9855 um in June 2002 was not confirmed in later spectra. The upper limits to the line strengths are significantly lower than the previously reported detections. Supplemental slit-scanning spectroscopy using adaptive optics was performed within 0.38 of HD 141569A to search for extended emission from H3+, but no emission was detected. We compare our upper limit to the luminosity in H3+ from HD 141569A with that possible from a gas giant protoplanet and also from a jovian mass exoplanet in close orbit about its central star.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2005

Real space imaging of the metal - insulator phase separation in the band width controlled organic Mott system $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br

Systematic investigation of the electronic phase separation on macroscopic scale is reported in the organic Mott system $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br. Real space imaging of the phase separation is obtained by means of scanning micro-region infrared spectroscopy using the synchrotron radiation. The phase separation appears near the Mott boundary and changes its metal-insulator fraction with the substitution ratio $x$ in $κ$-[($h$-BEDT-TTF)$_{1-x}$($d$-BEDT-TTF)$_{x}$]$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br, of which band width is controlled by the substitution ratio $x$ between the hydrogenated BEDT-TTF molecule ($h$-BEDT-TTF) and the deuterated one ($d$-BEDT-TTF). The phase separation phenomenon observed in this class of organics is considered on the basis of the strongly correlated electronic phase diagram with the first order Mott transition.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2005

Magnetic-field effects on the in-plane electrical resistivity in the single-crystal La$_{2-x}$Ba$_x$CuO$_4$ and La$_{1.6-x}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ around $x=1/8$: Relating to the field-induced stripe order

Temperature dependence of the in-plane electrical resistivity, $ρ_{\rm ab}$, in various magnetic fields has been measured in the single-crystal La$_{2-x}$Ba$_x$CuO$_4$ with $x=0.08$, 0.10, 0.11 and La$_{1.6-x}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ with $x=0.12$. It has been found that the superconducting transition curve shows a so-called fan-shape broadening in magnetic fields for $x=0.08$, while it shifts toward the low-temperature side in parallel with increasing field for $x=0.11$ and 0.12 where the charge-spin stripe order is formed at low temperatures. As for $x=0.10$, the broadening is observed in low fields and it changes to the parallel shift in high fields above 9 T. Moreover, the normal-state value of $ρ_{\rm ab}$ at low temperatures markedly increases with increasing field up to 15 T. It is possible that these pronounced features of $x=0.10$ are understood in terms of the magnetic-field-induced stabilization of the stripe order suggested from the neutron-scattering measurements in the La-214 system. The $ρ_{\rm ab}$ in the normal state at low temperatures has been found to be proportional to ln(1/$T$) for $x=0.10$, 0.11 and 0.12. The ln(1/$T$) dependence of $ρ_{\rm ab}$ is robust even in the stripe-ordered state.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2004

Multi-Triplet Magnons in SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ Studied by Thermal Conductivity Measurements in Magnetic Fields

We have measured the thermal conductivity parallel to the a-axis of the Zn-free and 1% Zn-substituted SrCu$_{2-x}$Zn$_x$(BO$_3$)$_2$ in magnetic fields up to 14 T, in order to examine the thermal conductivity due to the multi-triplet magnons. It has been found that the thermal conductivity peak observed in the spin gap state is suppressed by the substitution of Zn for Cu in high magnetic fields above 6 T, while it is not changed in low magnetic fields below 6 T. The results suggest that the thermal conductivity peak in the spin-gap state of SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ is composed of not only thermal conductivity due to phonons but also that due to the multi-triplet magnons in high fields above 6 T.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

The Subaru Deep Field: The Optical Imaging Data

The Subaru Deep Field (SDF) project is a program of Subaru Observatory to carry out a deep galaxy survey over a blank field as large as 34'x27'. The program consists of very deep multi-band optical imaging, near infrared imaging for smaller portions of the field and follow-up optical spectroscopy. Major scientific goals of the project are to construct large samples of Lyman-break galaxies at z~4-5 and Lyman alpha emitters at z~5.7 and 6.6, and to make detailed studies these very high-redshift galaxy populations. In this paper, we describe the optical imaging observations and data reduction, presenting mosaicked images and object catalogs in seven bandpasses.The optical imaging was made through five broad-band filters, B, V, R, i', z', and two narrow-band filters, NB816 (lambda_c=8150A) and NB921 (lambda_c=9196A) with almost 10 hours long integrations for each band. The limiting magnitudes measured at 3-sigma on a 2" aperture are B=28.45, V=27.74, R=27.80, i'=27.43, z'=26.62, NB816=26.63, and NB921=26.54 in the AB system. The object catalog constructed for each of the seven bands contains more than 10^5 objects. The galaxy number counts corrected for detection incompleteness and star count contribution are found to be consistent with previous results in the literature. The mosaicked images and catalogs of all the bands have been made open to the public on Oct. 1, 2004 on the SDF project website at http://soaps.naoj.org/sdf/.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2004

Pseudogap formation and superconductivity of Bi$_{1.74}$Pb$_{0.38}$Sr$_{1.88}$CuO$_{6+δ}$ by studies of out-of-plane resistivity in magnetic fields

We report the out-of-plane resistivity in the systematically oxygen-controlled single crystals Bi$_{1.74}$Pb$_{0.38}$Sr$_{1.88}$CuO$_{6+δ}$ in magnetic fields parallel to the c-axis. Two characteristic temperatures $T^*$ and $T^{**}$ are found at which a semiconductor-like upturn starts to develop and the magnetoresistance changes its sign from positive to negative at lower temperature, respectively. The obtained phase diagram strongly suggests that the pseudogap temperature correlating to the superconducting gap is not $T^{*}$ but $T^{**}$. The gap opened at $T^*$ may relate to another phenomenon with the different energy scale such as the antiferromagnetic excitation due to the exchange interaction between Cu$^{2+}$ spins.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2004

Drastic enhancement of magnon thermal conductivity in the Bose-Einstein condensed state of TlCuCl$_3$

We have measured the thermal conductivity of a TlCuCl$_3$ single crystal in magnetic fields up to 14 T. It has been found that the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity exhibits a sharp peak at 4 K in zero field, which is suppressed by the application of magnetic fields up to 7 T. The peak is concluded to be attributable to the enhancement of the thermal conductivity due to phonons because of the formation of a spin-gap state. In high magnetic fields above 7 T, on the other hand, another sharp peak appears around 4 K and this is enhanced with increasing magnetic field. This peak is regarded as being attributable to the enhancement of the thermal conductivity due to magnons and/or phonons because of the drastic extension of the mean free path of magnons and/or phonons in the Bose-Einstein condensed state.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

Single-crystal growth and dependences on the hole concentration and magnetic field of the magnetic ground state in the edge-sharing CuO$_2$ chain system Ca$_{2+x}$Y$_{2-x}$Cu$_5$O$_{10}$

We have succeeded in growing large-size single-crystals of Ca$_{2+x}$Y$_{2-x}$Cu$_5$O$_{10}$ with $0 \le x \le 1.67$ and measured the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and magnetization curve, in order to study the magnetic ground state in the edge-sharing CuO$_2$ chain as a function of hole concentration and magnetic field. In $0 \le x \le 1.3$, it has been found that an antiferromagnetically ordered phase with the magnetic easy axis along the b-axis is stabilized and that a spin-flop transition occurs by the application of magnetic fields parallel to the b-axis. The antiferromagnetic transition temperature decreases with increasing $x$ and disappears around $x =$ 1.4. Alternatively, a spin-glass phase appears around $x = 1.5$. At $x = 1.67$ where the hole concentration is $\sim$ 1/3 per Cu, it appears that a spin-gap state is formed owing to the formation of spin-singlet pairs. No sign of the coexistence of an antiferromagnetically ordered state and a spin-gap one suggested in Ca$_{1-x}$CuO$_2$ has been found in Ca$_{2+x}$Y$_{2-x}$Cu$_5$O$_{10}$.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

A Strong Lyman-alpha Emitter at z=6.33 in the Subaru Deep Field Selected as an i' Dropout

We report on the discovery of a star-forming galaxy at z=6.33 in the Subaru Deep Field. This object is selected as a candidate of an i'-dropout, high-redshift galaxy around z=6 because of its red i'-z' color in our deep optical imaging survey in the Subaru Deep Field. Our follow up optical spectroscopy reveals that this object is a strong Ly-alpha emitter with only very faint ultraviolet continuum. The rest-frame equivalent width of the detected Ly-alpha emission is as much as 130 A. Thus the light detected in our z' image is largely attributed to the Ly-alpha emission, i.e., ~40% of the z'-band flux is the strong Ly-alpha emission, giving a very red i'-z' color. This is consistent with the photometric property of this object because the narrow-band data obtained with the NB921 filter shows a significant depression, z'-NB921 = -0.54 mag. By using the photometric data, we show that some other objects among the 48 i'-dropout high-redshift galaxy candidates found in the Subaru Deep Field also show a significant NB921 depression. We briefly discuss the nature of these NB921-depressed objects.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2004

Field-induced magnetic order in La$sub {2-x}$Sr$sub x$CuO$sub 4$ (x = 0.10, 0.115, 0.13) studied by in-plane thermal conductivity measurements

We have measured the thermal conductivity in the $ab$-plane of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ ($x =$ 0.10, 0.115, 0.13) in magnetic fields up to 14 T parallel to the c-axis and also parallel to the $ab$-plane. By the application of magnetic fields parallel to the c-axis, the thermal conductivity has been found to be suppressed at low temperatures below the temperature $T_κ$ which is located above the superconducting transition temperature and is almost independent of the magnitude of the magnetic field. The suppression is marked in $x =$ 0.10 and 0.13, while it is small in $x =$ 0.115. Furthermore, no suppression is observed in the 1 % Zn-substituted La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Cu$_{0.99}$Zn$_{0.01}$O$_4$ with $x =$ 0.115. Taking into account the experimental results that the temperature dependence of the relative reduction of the thermal conductivity is quite similar to the temperature dependence of the intensity of the incommensurate magnetic Bragg peak corresponding to the static stripe order and that the Zn substitution tends to stabilize the static order, it is concluded that the suppression of the thermal conductivity in magnetic fields is attributed to the development of the static stripe order. The present results suggest that the field-induced magnetic order in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ originates from the pinning of the dynamical stripes of spins and holes by vortex cores.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2004

Stretched exponential behavior in remanent lattice striction of a (La,Pr)$_{1.2}$Sr$_{1.8}$Mn$_{2}$O$_{7}$ bilayer manganite single crystal

We have investigated the time dependence of remanent magnetostriction in a (La,Pr)$_{1.2}$Sr$_{1.8}$Mn$_{2}$O$_{7}$ single crystal, in order to examine the slow dynamics of lattice distortion in bilayered manganites. A competition between double exchange and Jahn-Teller type orbital-lattice interactions results in the observed lattice profile following a stretched exponential function. This finding suggests that spatial growth of the local lattice distortions coupled with e$_{g}$-electron orbital strongly correlates with the appearance of the field-induced CMR effect.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

Imaging phase separation near the Mott boundary in the correlated organic superconductors $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$X

Electronic phase separation consisting of the metallic and insulating domains with 50 -- 100 $μ$m in diameter is found in the organic Mott system $κ$-[($h$8-BEDT-TTF)$_{1-x}$($d$8-BEDT-TTF)$_{x}$]$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br by means of scanning micro-region infrared spectroscopy using the synchrotron radiation. The phase separation appears below the critical end temperature 35 -- 40 K of the first order Mott transition. The observation of the macroscopic size of the domains indicates a different class of the intrinsic electronic inhomogeneity from the nano-scale one reported in the inorganic Mott systems such as High-$T_{c}$ copper and manganese oxides.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

A High-Resolution Very Large Array Observation of a Protostar in OMC-3: Shock-induced X-ray Emission by a Protostellar Jet

Using the Very Large Array (VLA) in the A-configuration, we have obtained a high-resolution 3.6 cm map of a hard X-ray source detected by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in a protostellar clump in Orion molecular cloud 3. Two radio continuum sources were detected in the vicinity of the X-ray source, both of which have NIR counterparts. We conclude that these VLA sources are free-free emission produced by shocks in protostellar jets from the NIR class I protostars. Using the centimeter data, we determined the power and orientation of the protostellar jets. The center position of the X-ray emission was found to be ~1--2" offset from the exciting sources of the jets, and the displacement is in the direction of the jets and molecular outflows. We discuss the nature of the X-ray emission as the shock-excited plasma at the shock front where the jet propagates through interstellar medium at a speed of ~1000 km/s.

astro-ph↗

arXiv2003

Impurity Effect on the In-plane Penetration Depth of the Organic Superconductors $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2X$ ($X$ = Cu(NCS)$_2$ and Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br)

We report the in-plane penetration depth $λ_{\parallel}$ of single crystals $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2X$ ($X=$ Cu(NCS)$_2$ and Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br) by means of the reversible magnetization measurements under the control of cooling-rate. In $X$ = Cu(NCS)$_2$, $λ_{\parallel}(0)$ as an extrapolation toward $T$ = 0 K does not change by the cooling-rate within the experimental accuracy, while $T_{\textrm{c}}$ is slightly reduced. On the other hand, in $X$ = Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br, $λ_{\parallel}(0)$ indicates a distinct increase by cooling faster. The different behavior of $λ_{\parallel}(0)$ on cooling-rate between the two salts is quantitatively explained in terms of the local-clean approximation (London model), considering that the former salt belongs to the very clean system and the later the moderate clean one. The good agreement with this model demonstrates that disorders of ethylene-group in BEDT-TTF introduced by cooling faster increase the electron(quasiparticle)-scattering, resulting in shorter mean free path.

cond-mat.supr-con↗