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Nalini Anantharaman

Publications and source records attributed to Nalini Anantharaman.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2014

Semiclassical Completely Integrable Systems : Long-Time Dynamics And Observability Via Two-Microlocal Wigner Measures

We look at the long-time behaviour of solutions to a semi-classical Schrödinger equation on the torus. We consider time scales which go to infinity when the semi-classical parameter goes to zero and we associate with each time-scale the set of semi-classical measures associated with all possible choices of initial data. On each classical invariant torus, the structure of semi-classical measures is described in terms of two-microlocal measures, obeying explicit propagation laws. We apply this construction in two directions. We first analyse the regularity of semi-classical measures, and we emphasize the existence of a threshold : for time-scales below this threshold, the set of semi-classical measures contains measures which are singular with respect to Lebesgue measure in the "position" variable, while at (and beyond) the threshold, all the semi-classical measures are absolutely continuous in the "position" variable, reflecting the dispersive properties of the equation. Second, the techniques of two- microlocal analysis introduced in the paper are used to prove semiclassical observability estimates. The results apply as well to general quantum completely integrable systems.

math.AP↗
arXiv2013

Quantum ergodicity on large regular graphs

We propose a version of the Quantum Ergodicity theorem on large regular graphs of fixed valency. This is a property of delocalization of "most" eigenfunctions. We consider expander graphs with few short cycles (for instance random large regular graphs). Our method mimics the proof of Quantum Ergodicity on manifolds: it uses microlocal analysis on regular trees.

math-ph↗
arXiv2012

Long-time dynamics of completely integrable Schrödinger flows on the torus

In this article, we are concerned with long-time behaviour of solutions to a semi-classical Schrödinger-type equation on the torus. We consider time scales which go to infinity when the semi-classical parameter goes to zero and we associate with each time-scale the set of semi-classical measures associated with all possible choices of initial data. We emphasize the existence of a threshold: for time-scales below this threshold, the set of semi-classical measures contains measures which are singular with respect to Lebesgue measure in the "position" variable, while at (and beyond) the threshold, all the semi-classical measures are absolutely continuous in the "position" variable.

math.AP↗
arXiv2012

Decay rates for the damped wave equation on the torus

We address the decay rates of the energy for the damped wave equation when the damping coefficient $b$ does not satisfy the Geometric Control Condition (GCC). First, we give a link with the controllability of the associated Schrödinger equation. We prove in an abstract setting that the observability of the Schrödinger group implies that the semigroup associated to the damped wave equation decays at rate $1/\sqrt{t}$ (which is a stronger rate than the general logarithmic one predicted by the Lebeau Theorem). Second, we focus on the 2-dimensional torus. We prove that the best decay one can expect is $1/t$, as soon as the damping region does not satisfy GCC. Conversely, for smooth damping coefficients $b$, we show that the semigroup decays at rate $1/t^{1-\eps}$, for all $\eps >0$. The proof relies on a second microlocalization around trapped directions, and resolvent estimates. In the case where the damping coefficient is a characteristic function of a strip (hence discontinuous), Stéphane Nonnenmacher computes in an appendix part of the spectrum of the associated damped wave operator, proving that the semigroup cannot decay faster than $1/t^{2/3}$. In particular, our study shows that the decay rate highly depends on the way $b$ vanishes.

math.AP↗
arXiv2011

The dynamics of the Schrödinger flow from the point of view of semiclassical measures

On a compact Riemannian manifold, we study the various dynamical properties of the Schrödinger flow $(e^{itΔ/2})$, through the notion of semiclassical measures and the quantum-classical correspondence between the Schrödinger equation and the geodesic flow. More precisely, we are interested in its high-frequency behavior, as well as its regularizing and unique continuation-type properties. We survey a variety of results illustrating the difference between positive, negative and vanishing curvature.

math.AP↗
arXiv2011

Semiclassical measures for the Schrödinger equation on the torus

In this article, the structure of semiclassical measures for solutions to the linear Schrödinger equation on the torus is analysed. We show that the disintegration of such a measure on every invariant lagrangian torus is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. We obtain an expression of the Radon-Nikodym derivative in terms of the sequence of initial data and show that it satisfies an explicit propagation law. As a consequence, we also prove an observability inequality, saying that the $L^2$-norm of a solution on any open subset of the torus controls the full $L^2$-norm.

math.FA↗
arXiv2010

Intertwining the geodesic flow and the Schrodinger group on hyperbolic surfaces

We construct an explicit intertwining operator $\lcal$ between the Schrödinger group $e^{it \frac\Lap2} $ and the geodesic flow $g^t$ on certain Hilbert spaces of symbols on the cotangent bundle $T^* \X$ of a compact hyperbolic surface $\X = Γ\backslash \D$. Thus, the quantization Op(\lcal^{-1} a) satisfies an exact Egorov theorem. The construction of $\lcal$ is based on a complete set of Patterson-Sullivan distributions.

math.SP↗
arXiv2010

A Haar component for quantum limits on locally symmetric spaces

We prove lower bounds for the entropy of limit measures associated to non-degenerate sequences of eigenfunctions on locally symmetric spaces of non-positive curvature. In the case of certain compact quotients of the space of positive definite $n\times n$ matrices (any quotient for $n=3$, quotients associated to inner forms in general), measure classification results then show that the limit measures must have a Lebesgue component. This is consistent with the conjecture that the limit measures are absolutely continuous.

math.AP↗
arXiv2010

Exponential decay for products of Fourier integral operators

This text contains an alternative presentation, and in certain cases an improvement, of the "hyperbolic dispersive estimate" that was proved by Anantharaman and Nonnenmacher and used to make progress towards the quantum unique ergodicity conjecture. The main statement is a sufficient condition to have exponential decay of the norm of a product of sub-unitary Fourier integral operators. The improved estimate will also be needed in future work of the author.

math.AP↗
arXiv2010

Chaotic vibrations and strong scars

This article aims at popularizing some aspects of "quantum chaos", in particular the study of eigenmodes of classically chaotic systems, in the semiclassical (or high frequency) limit.

math-ph↗
arXiv2009

Spectral deviations for the damped wave equation

We prove a Weyl-type fractal upper bound for the spectrum of the damped wave equation, on a negatively curved compact manifold. It is known that most of the eigenvalues have an imaginary part close to the average of the damping function. We count the number of eigenvalues in a given horizontal strip deviating from this typical behaviour; the exponent that appears naturally is the `entropy' that gives the deviation rate from the Birkhoff ergodic theorem for the geodesic flow. A Weyl-type lower bound is still far from reach; but in the particular case of arithmetic surfaces, and for a strong enough damping, we can use the trace formula to prove a result going in this direction.

math.DG↗
arXiv2007

Entropy of eigenfunctions

We study the high--energy limit for eigenfunctions of the laplacian, on a compact negatively curved manifold. We review the recent result of Anantharaman-Nonnenmacher giving a lower bound on the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of semiclassical measures, and improve this lower bound in the case of variable negative curvature.

math-ph↗
arXiv2007

Half-delocalization of eigenfunctions for the Laplacian on an Anosov manifold

We study the high-energy eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on a compact Riemannian manifold with Anosov geodesic flow. The localization of a semiclassical measure associated with a sequence of eigenfunctions is characterized by the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of this measure. We show that this entropy is necessarily bounded from below by a constant which, in the case of constant negative curvature, equals half the maximal entropy. In this sense, high-energy eigenfunctions are at least half-delocalized.

math-ph↗
arXiv2006

Entropy of semiclassical measures of the Walsh-quantized baker's map

We study the baker's map and its Walsh quantization, as a toy model of a quantized chaotic system. We focus on localization properties of eigenstates, in the semiclassical regime. Simple counterexamples show that quantum unique ergodicity fails for this model. We obtain, however, lower bounds on the entropies associated with semiclassical measures, as well as on the Wehrl entropies of eigenstates. The central tool of the proofs is an "entropic uncertainty principle".

math-ph↗
arXiv2006

Patterson-Sullivan distributions and quantum ergodicity

We relate two types of phase space distributions associated to eigenfunctions $ϕ_{ir_j}$ of the Laplacian on a compact hyperbolic surface $X_Γ$: (1) Wigner distributions $\int_{S^*\X} a dW_{ir_j}=< Op(a)ϕ_{ir_j}, ϕ_{ir_j}>_{L^2(\X)}$, which arise in quantum chaos. They are invariant under the wave group. (2) Patterson-Sullivan distributions $PS_{ir_j}$, which are the residues of the dynamical zeta-functions $\lcal(s; a): = \sum_γ\frac{e^{-sL_γ}}{1-e^{-L_γ}} \int_{γ_0} a$ (where the sum runs over closed geodesics) at the poles $s = {1/2} + ir_j$. They are invariant under the geodesic flow. We prove that these distributions (when suitably normalized) are asymptotically equal as $r_j \to \infty$. We also give exact relations between them. This correspondence gives a new relation between classical and quantum dynamics on a hyperbolic surface, and consequently a formulation of quantum ergodicity in terms of classical ergodic theory.

math.SP↗