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Nicolae Strungaru

Publications and source records attributed to Nicolae Strungaru.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Pseudorandomness and Diffraction

Pseudorandom structures are structures that behave like random ones, without necessarily being random themselves. It is a prominent, and evidently very difficult, conjecture that $$ V(n) = \lambda \cos \Big( 2 \pi \Big( x_1 + n x_2 + \frac{n(n-1)}{2} \alpha \Big) \Big) $$ is pseudorandom from a Schr\"odinger operator perspective in that the Schr\"odinger operator in $\ell^2(\mathbb{Z})$ with potential $V$ displays Anderson localization, that is, pure point spectrum with exponentially decaying eigenfunctions for almost all parameter values --- the same spectral features as those produced by random potentials. We show that $V$ is pseudorandom in terms of its diffraction properties, that is, the associated diffraction measure is purely absolutely continuous for all $\lambda \not= 0$, all irrational $\alpha$, and all $x_1,x_2$ --- which is the case as well for the random case. Our result gives further evidence for the conjecture in the Schr\"odinger case and it elucidates the apparent dual behavior of Schr\"odinger spectral measures and diffraction measures.

math-ph

On almost periodicity in crystalline measures

Meyer defined crystalline measures as tempered distributions $\mu$ such that both $\mu$ and its Fourier transform $\widehat\mu$ are pure-point Radon measures of locally finite support. He conjectured that every crystalline measure is almost periodic as a tempered distribution. Favorov constructed a counterexample and asked whether crystalline measures are at least almost periodic as general distributions. To resolve Favorov's question, we first show that the almost periodicity of a crystalline measure is characterised in terms of its translation boundedness, in any class of Radon measures, tempered distributions, or general distributions. We then construct a crystalline Fourier eigenmeasure that fails to be translation bounded even as a distribution. We finally construct a crystalline measure that fails to be a~Fourier quasicrystal (in particular, it fails to be slowly increasing), but it is an almost periodic tempered distribution whose Fourier transform is even a norm almost periodic measure. Our examples fully resolve the questions of Meyer and Favorov and sharply delineate the class boundary of translation boundedness. They also demonstrate the unusual behaviour of crystalline measures beyond the class of Fourier quasicrystals.

math.FA

The 1-2-3 conjecture for polygonal tilings

The 1-2-3 conjecture has been solved positively in 2024 for finite graphs and by extension for infinite graphs which are locally finite. The solution is non-constructive, and finding explicit solutions for large (or infinite) graphs is very hard. By exploiting the extra structure present in many non-periodic tilings, we find explicit solutions for the Chair (all three vertex placements), Non-Pinwheel, Pinwheel, Half-hex, Ammann-Beenker (two versions), Penrose Rhomb, and the Domino tilings. We prove that for any fully periodic tiling of the plane there exists a fully periodic solution, and provide an algorithm for finding such a solution. We give solutions for the fully periodic square, triangle and hexagonal lattices.

math.CO

On the spectrum of non-ergodic measures

Consider a topological dynamical system where the group is abelian and the topologies are locally compact and second-countable. Given an invariant measure for this system, we show that if its dynamical spectrum is contained in some Borel subset of the dual group then the same holds almost surely for all ergodic measures arising via the Choquet theorem. In particular, if the invariant measure has pure point dynamical spectrum, so do almost all the ergodic measures. As an application, we show that given any mean almost periodic measure, in its hull there exists a Besicovitch almost periodic measure.

math.DS

Wiener--Wintner points for topological dynamical systems

We consider measurable and topological dynamical systems over locally compact abelian groups. Our main observation relates convergence of Wiener-Wintner type averages to eigenvalues of the dynamical system in question. As a consequence we infer existence of Fourier--Bohr coefficients for all characters for a set of points satisfying a specific genericity condition. In the topological case this leads naturally to the concept of what we call Wiener--Wintner point and we present a thorough study of such points. In particular we show that they have full measure in the ergodic case, and we relate them to Besicovitch almost periodicity. For dynamical systems of translation bounded measures, which are the crucial models in aperiodic order, our results give that the Wiener--Wintner points are exactly the points allowing for a diffraction theory with the consistent phase property.

math.DS

Twice Fourier transformable measures and diffraction theory

Mathematical diffraction theory has been developed since about 1995. Hof's initial approach relied on tempered distributions in euclidean space. Nowadays often the Fourier theory by Argabright and Gil de Lamadrid is used, which applies to appropriate measures on locally compact abelian groups. We review diffraction theory using Wiener amalgams as test function spaces. For translation bounded measures, this unifies and simplifies the former two approaches. We treat weighted versions of Meyer's model sets as examples.

math-ph

Which Meyer sets are regular model sets? A characterization via almost periodicity

In 2012, Meyer introduced the notions of generalized almost periodic measure and almost periodic pattern and proved that regular model sets in Euclidean space are almost periodic patterns. Here, we prove the converse in a slightly more general setting. Specifically, we show that a Meyer set in any $\sigma$-compact locally compact abelian group is a regular model set if and only if it is an almost periodic pattern.

math-ph

Relative position in binary substitutions

Given an infinite word ${\bf w}$ on a finite alphabet, an immediate question arises:~can we understand the frequency of letters in ${\bf w}$\,? For words that are the fixed points of substitutions, the answer to this question is often `yes' -- the details and methods of these answers have been well-documented. In this paper, toward a better-understanding of the fixed points of binary substitutions, we delve deeper by investigating, in fine detail, the position of letters by defining various position functions and proving results about their behavior. Our analysis reveals new information about the Fibonacci substitution and the extended Pisa family of substitutions, as well as a new characterization of the Thue--Morse sequence.

math.CO

Diffraction of the primes and other sets of zero density

In this paper, we show that the diffraction of the primes is absolutely continuous, showing no bright spots (Bragg peaks). We introduce the notion of counting diffraction, extending the classical notion of (density) diffraction to sets of density zero. We develop the counting diffraction theory and give many examples of sets of zero density of all possible spectral types.

math.FA

Circles in diffraction

Given a Fourier transformable measure in two dimensions, we find a formula for the intensity of its Fourier transform along circles. In particular, we obtain a formula for the diffraction measure along a circle in terms of the autocorrelation measure. We look at some applications of this formula.

math.CA

On eigenmeasures under Fourier transform

Several classes of tempered measures are characterised that are eigenmeasures of the Fourier transform, the latter viewed as a linear operator on (generally unbounded) Radon measures on $\RR^d$. In particular, we classify all periodic eigenmeasures on $\RR$, which gives an interesting connection with the discrete Fourier transform and its eigenvectors, as well as all eigenmeasures on $\RR$ with uniformly discrete support. An interesting subclass of the latter emerges from the classic cut and project method for aperiodic Meyer sets. Finally, we construct a large class of eigenmeasures with locally finite support that is not uniformly discrete and has large gaps around $0$.

math.SP

Diffraction as a unitary representation and the orthogonality of measures with respect to the reflected Eberlein convolution

We discuss how the diffraction theory of a single translation bounded measure or a family of such measures can be understood within the framework of unitary group representations. This allows us to prove an orthogonality feature of measures whose diffractions are mutually singular. We apply this to study dynamical systems, the refined Eberlein decomposition and validity of a Bombieri--Taylor type result in a rather general context. Along the way we also use our approach to (re)prove various characterisations of pure point diffraction.

math.FA

Pure point diffraction and almost periodicity

This article deals with pure point diffraction and its connection to various notions of almost periodicity. We explain why the Fibonacci chain does not fit into the classical class of Bohr almost periodicity and how it fits into the classes of mean, Besicovitch and Weyl almost periodic point sets. We report on recent results which characterize pure point diffraction as mean almost periodicity of the underlying structure, and discuss how the complex amplitudes fit into this picture.

math-ph

On higher dimensional arithmetic progressions in Meyer sets

In this paper we study the existence of higher dimensional arithmetic progression in Meyer sets. We show that the case when the ratios are linearly dependent over $\ZZ$ is trivial, and focus on arithmetic progressions for which the ratios are linearly independent. Given a Meyer set $Λ$ and a fully Euclidean model set $\oplam(W)$ with the property that finitely many translates of $\oplam(W)$ cover $Λ$, we prove that we can find higher dimensional arithmetic progressions of arbitrary length with $k$ linearly independent ratios in $Λ$ if and only if $k$ is at most the rank of the $\ZZ$-module generated by $\oplam(W)$. We use this result to characterize the Meyer sets which are subsets of fully Euclidean model sets.

math.NT

Why do Meyer sets diffract?

Given a weak model set in a locally compact Abelian, group we construct a relatively dense set of common Bragg peaks for all its subsets that have non-trivial Bragg spectrum. Next, we construct a relatively dense set of common norm almost periods for the diffraction, pure point, absolutely continuous and singular continuous spectrum, respectively, of all its subsets. We use the Fibonacci model set to illustrate these phenomena. We extend all these results to arbitrary translation bounded weighted Dirac combs supported within some Meyer set. We complete the paper by discussing extensions of the existence of the generalized Eberlein decomposition for measures supported within some Meyer set.

math.FA

Generating functions of substitutions

In this paper we study substitutions and some of their associated generating functions. This association takes aperiodicity to transcendence, and vice-versa. These generating functions have a recursive structure arising from the substitution which we use to study the roots of the characteristic function of the letter a in the Fibonacci substitution.

math.CO

On the orthogonality of measures of different spectral type with respect to twisted Eberlein convolution

In this paper we show that under suitable conditions on their Fourier--Bohr coefficients, the twisted Eberlein convolution of a measure with pure point diffraction spectra and a measure with continuous diffraction spectra is zero. In particular, the diffraction spectrum of a linear combinations of the two measures is simply the linear combinations of the two diffraction spectra with absolute value square coefficients.

math.CA