Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Noa Mazurski

Publications and source records attributed to Noa Mazurski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Continuous Wave Second Harmonic Generation from an Etchless Lithium Niobate Resonant Metasurface

Nonlinear metasurfaces provide a route to compact frequency conversion by replacing phase matching and long interaction lengths with resonantly enhanced light matter interaction in subwavelength structures. Extending this capability to continuous wave (CW) operation is particularly important for applications requiring narrow linewidth, stable frequency, and stationary optical fields, but remains extremely challenging. Here, we demonstrate CW second-harmonic generation on a transmission mode, etchless thin film lithium niobate platform enabled by a patterned silicon rich nitride metasurface. This hybrid design combines guided mode resonance coupling, low optical loss, and CMOS compatible processing while keeping most of the optical mode confined in the unpatterned lithium niobate, yielding a measured quality factor of ~2300. Clearly resolved SHG is achieved under sub-kW/cm^2 CW pumping, with a normalized conversion efficiency of 0.156 % cm^2/GW in the low power regime. Interestingly, our work reveals that CW resonant SHG in metasurfaces can exhibit pronounced transient dynamics, including power dependent resonance evolution, overshoot, and nonideal scaling. These findings establish etchless LN SRN metasurfaces as a promising platform for compact CW nonlinear photonics, and show that resonance dynamics are central to the operation and evaluation of CW driven nonlinear metasurfaces.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2026

Transmission-Mode Silicon-Rich Nitride Mie-Void Metasurfaces in the Visible

Mie-void metasurfaces have so far been developed mainly in reflection, where subwavelength voids embedded in high-index media support localized resonances and spectrally selective optical responses. Yet, many optical systems could benefit from integrating such optical elements operating in transmission mode. Motivated by this great need, we hereby introduce Mie-void metasurfaces operating in transmission. To allow for their operation in the visible range, our Mie-voids are implemented using the silicon-rich nitride (SRN) platform. We show that this transition from reflection to transmission is not a simple change in geometry: placing the voids in a finite film on a substrate introduces slab-guided and Fabry-Perot-like contributions that hybridize with the underlying Mie-void response. Rigorous coupled-wave analysis shows that the dominant spectral transformation occurs when the semi-infinite host is replaced by a finite SRN film, while the substrate acts mainly as a secondary perturbation. Thickness-dependent dispersion maps reveal an avoided crossing between interacting modes, supporting the interpretation of a hybrid transmission regime and identifying film thickness as a clean parameter for tracking the evolution of the coupled modal structure. Experimentally, we realize transmission-mode structural colors by varying the void depth and observe good agreement between measured and simulated spectra and chromaticity coordinates. By spatially programming the void depth, we further demonstrate transmitted-light patterns and image encoding within a single metasurface architecture. These results establish transmission-mode Mie-void metasurfaces as a viable inverse-dielectric platform operating in transmission, with plethora of potential important applications such as transmissive spectral filtering, optical encoding, and display-oriented photonic elements, to name a few.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2026

Single-Step Grayscale Lithography of Multi-Depth Mie Void Metasurfaces

The height of dielectric metasurfaces is largely considered a constant in the fabrication process due to the top-down fabrication approach, resulting in a binary structure. Yet, for the recently introduced Mie voids metasurfaces, controlling the thickness of the voids locally is crucial for achieving significant spectral tuning. In this work we demonstrate Mie voids metasurfaces with local precise depth control using electron beam grayscale lithography. We underexpose PMMA with varying doses, which in turn translates to multiple depth levels in the developed resist. Transferring the pattern to a silicon substrate we generate Mie voids, trapping the light in the void which generates colors in reflection. By controlling the depth of the void at the nanoscale, we tune the resonance over the whole visible range and with high precision, resulting in a large gamut of colors, which is demonstrated with spectral measurements, images of uniform patterns and spatially varying patterns showcasing different geometrical designs and a detailed artistic image. The demonstrated approach can be used for the implementation of various types of dielectric metasurfaces, providing an additional important degree of freedom for their realization, with potential applications in structured light and structural colors, imaging, robotics, polarization control, sensing, virtual reality and more.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2025

Faraday-Ramsey rotation measurement in a thin cell as an analogy to an atomic beam

Atomic beams are powerful tools for measuring spin coherence in hot vapors but require bulky setups, limiting device miniaturization. We demonstrate that micron-thin vapor cells can mimic atomic beam behavior by exploiting geometry-dependent velocity filtering. In a 5 μm rubidium cell, coherence is preserved for atoms moving parallel to the cell walls, enabling observation of the Faraday-Ramsey effect without buffer gas or anti-relaxation coatings. Using a spatially displaced pump-probe scheme and magnetic field scanning, we achieve clear Ramsey fringes and validate our model experimentally. This technique offers a compact alternative to atomic beam systems, supporting scalable sensors and frequency standards.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2024

Tunable transmissive metasurface based on thin-film lithium niobate

Active metasurfaces hold great promise for spatial light modulation, and electro-optic tuning using lithium niobate is particularly attractive due to its high transparency and well-established thin-film platform. In this work, we present a free-space transmissive light modulator based on a seemingly un-patterned thin-film lithium niobate-on-insulator platform, integrated with a transparent conductive oxide meta-grating fabricated through a single lithography process. Guided mode resonance in the near-infrared region is induced with high mode confinement within lithium niobate layer, which directly in contact with the electrodes. A notable resonance shift of 0.38 nm is observed for the fundamental mode under +-10 V bias, while a maximum modulation amplitude of 4.6% is achieved for another higher-order mode. Incident angle is further exploited as another tuning parameter to split and sensitively shift the resonances. These results demonstrate the potential of this design for applications in compact, scalable, and tunable spatial light modulation devices.

physics.app-ph↗
arXiv2023

Achromatic imaging systems with flat lenses enabled by deep learning

Motivated by their great potential to reduce the size, cost and weight, flat lenses, a category that includes diffractive lenses and metalenses, are rapidly emerging as key components with the potential to replace the traditional refractive optical elements in modern optical systems. Yet, the inherently strong chromatic aberration of these flat lenses is significantly impairing their performance in systems based on polychromatic illumination or passive ambient light illumination, stalling their widespread implementation. Hereby, we provide a promising solution and demonstrate high quality imaging based on flat lenses over the entire visible spectrum. Our approach is based on creating a novel dataset of color outdoor images taken with our flat lens and using this dataset to train a deep-learning model for chromatic aberrations correction. Based on this approach we show unprecedented imaging results not only in terms of qualitative measures but also in the quantitative terms of the PSNR and SSIM scores of the reconstructed images. The results pave the way for the implementation of flat lenses in advanced polychromatic imaging systems.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2022

Inversionless gain in a lossy medium

We study gain without inversion due to coherence effects in a Doppler-broadened degenerate three-level system of a rubidium-hydrogen mixture in a miniaturized micron scale custom vapor cell. The cell miniaturization gives rise to collisions of atoms with the walls of the cell. This, combined with the high collision rate with the hydrogen buffer gas allows us to observe gain in the absorption spectra. Furthermore, we analyze the role of cell miniaturization in the evolution of the gain profile. In addition to fundamental interest, the observation of gain without inversion in our miniaturized cells paves the way for applications such as miniaturized lasers without inversion.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2021

Dynamic Control of Plasmonic Colors by Voltage Actuation MEMS Cantilevers for Optical Display Applications

Conventional optical displays using ITO (indium tin oxide) and LC (liquid crystal) materials present a lot of challenges in terms of long-term sustainability. We show here how it is possible to generate a cost effective and CMOS compatible fast and full range electrically controlled RGB color display by combining transmission based plasmonic metasurfaces with MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) technology, using only two common materials: Aluminum and silicon oxide. White light is filtered into red, green, and blue components by plasmonic metasurfaces made of aluminum nanohole arrays, and the transmission through each color filter is modulated by MEMS miniaturized cantilevers fabricated with aluminum and silicon oxide on top of the color filters. We show that the relative transmission of a color subpixel can be freely modulated from 35% to 100%. Our pixels can also operate well above 800Hz, enabling future ultrafast displays. Our work provides a road to future circular economic goals by exploiting advances in structural colors and MEMS technologies to innovate optical displays.

physics.app-ph↗
arXiv2021

WS2 Monolayers Coupled to Hyperbolic Metamaterial Nanoantennas: Broad Implications for Light-Matter-Interaction Applications

Due to their atomic layer thickness, direct bandgap, mechanical robustness and other superior properties, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) monolayers are considered as an attractive alternative to graphene for diverse optoelectronic applications. Yet, due to the very nature of atomic layer thickness, the interaction of light with TMDCs is limited, hindering overall efficiency for optical applications. Therefore, in order for TMDCs to become a true candidate as the material of choice for optoelectronics, there is a need for a mechanism which significantly enhances the interaction of light with TMDCs. In this paper, we demonstrate about 30-fold enhancement of the overall photoluminescence emission intensity from a WS2 monolayer, by its coupling to a hyperbolic metamaterial nanoantenna array. This enhancement corresponds to nearly 300-fold enhancement per individual nanoantenna. This overall enhancement is achieved by the combination of enhancing the excitation (absorption) efficiency, alongside with enhancing the radiative decay rate. Our result paves the way for the use of TMDCs in diverse optoelectronic applications, ranging from light sources and photodetectors to saturated absorbers and nonlinear media.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2021

Opto-thermal transport engineering in hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites metasurfaces

Halide perovskites have recently gained widespread attention for their exceptional optoelectronic properties which have been illuminated by extensive spectroscopic investigations. In this article, nanophotonic surface-engineering using soft-lithography has been used to reproduce nanostructures with enhanced functionalities. A non-invasive optical technique based on Raman and photolumines-cence (PL) spectroscopy is employed to investigate the interactive effect of the thermal and optical behaviour in surface-patterned hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite thin films. The thermophys-ical properties of the engineered perovskite films are extracted from the softening of the representa-tive peak positions in the Raman and PL spectra of the samples which act as temperature markers. The investigation suggests a comparatively higher rise in the local temperature for the patterned thin films resulting from their enhanced absorption. Therefore, a cross-talk between the opto-thermal transport phenomena in imprinted perovskite thin films pertaining to both enhancing device properties along with maintaining device stability is established.

physics.app-ph↗
arXiv2021

Photo memtransistor based on CMOS flash memory technology on Graphene with neuromorphic applications

Graphene holds a great promise for a number of diverse future applications, in particular related to its easily tunable doping and Fermi level by electrostatic gating. However, as of today, most implementations rely on electrical doping via the application of continuous large voltages to maintain the desired doping. We show here how graphene can be implemented with conventional semiconductor flash memory technology in order to make programmable doping possible, simply by the application of short gate pulses. We also demonstrate how this approach can be used for a memory device, and also show potential neuromorphic capabilities of the device. Finally, we show that the overall performance can be significantly enhanced by illuminating the device with UV radiation. Our approach may pave the way for integrating graphene in CMOS technology memory applications, and our device design could also be suitable for large scale neuromorphic computing structures.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗
arXiv2021

Chiral light-matter interactions in hot vapor cladded waveguides

Recently, there is growing interest in integrating alkali vapors with nanoscale photonic structures, such as nano-waveguides, resonators and nanoantennas. Nanoscale confinement of electromagnetic fields may introduce a longitudinal electric field component, giving rise to circularly polarized modes which are essential for diverse applications involving vapor and light, such as chirality and non-reciprocity. Hereby, we have designed, fabricated and characterized a miniaturized vapor cell that is integrated with optical waveguides that are designed to generate a peculiar circular-like polarization. Taking advantage of this phenomenon, we demonstrate a spectral shift in the atomic absorption signatures at varying magnetic fields, and significant isolation between forward and backward propagating waves in our atomic-cladded waveguide. Our results pave the way for the utilization of chip-scale integrated atomic devices in applications such as optical isolation and high spatial resolution magnetometry.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2019

Giant enhancement of silicon plasmonic SWIR photodetection using nanoscale self-organised metallic films

Many consumer technologies and scientific methods rely on photodetection of infrared light. We report a Schottky photodetector operating below silicon's band gap energy, through hot carrier injection from a nanoscale metallic absorber. Our design relies on simple CMOS-compatible 'bottom up' fabrication of fractally nanostructured aluminium films. Due to the fractal nature of the nanostructuring, the aluminium films support plasmonically enhanced absorption over a wide wavelength range. We demonstrate two orders of magnitude improvements of responsivity, noise-equivalent-power, and detectivity as compared to bulk metal, over a broad spectral and angular range. We attribute this to momentum relaxation processes from the nanoscale fractal geometry. Specifically, we demonstrate a direct link between quantum efficiency enhancement and structural parameters such as perimeter to surface ratio. Finally, our devices also function as bulk refractive index sensors. Our approach is a promising candidate for future cost effective and robust short wave infrared photodetection and sensing applications.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗
arXiv2019

Near-IR wide field-of-view Huygens metalens for outdoor imaging applications

The ongoing effort to implement compact and cheap optical systems is the main driving force for the recent flourishing research in the field of optical metalenses. Metalenses are a type of metasurface, used for focusing and imaging applications, and are implemented based on the nanopatterning of an optical surface. The challenge faced by metalens research is to reach high levels of performance, using simple fabrication methods suitable for mass-production. In this paper we present a Huygens nanoantenna based metalens, designed for outdoor photographic/surveillance applications in the near-infra-red. We show that good imaging quality can be obtained over a field-of-view (FOV) as large as +/-15 degrees. This first successful implementation of metalenses for outdoor imaging applications is expected to provide insight and inspiration for future metalens imaging applications.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2017

Post trimming of silicon photonics microresonators by nanoscale flash memory technology

Flash memory technology is widely common in modern microelectronics, and is essentially affecting our daily life. Considering the recent progress in photonic circuitry, and in particular silicon photonics circuitry, there is now an opportunity to embed the flash memory technology in photonic applications. A particularly promising candidate that can benefit from such integration is the photonic resonator. As of today, chip scale resonators are essential building blocks in modern silicon photonic platform. However, their properties, and in particular their resonance frequencies deviate from their designed values due to unavoidable fabrication imperfections, imposing a stringent limitation on the applicability of such devices. Here we present a solution for this major obstacle and demonstrate electrical approach for post trimming of such resonators. This is achieved by integrating the well-established flash memory technology into the photonic circuitry. More specifically, we use the nanoscale Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon (SONOS) structure in order to trap charges in the thin silicon nitride layer, which is located in close proximity to the silicon device layer. This enables the accumulation of charges in the silicon, modifying the effective index of the optical mode and consequently the resonance frequency. By doing so, we provide a robust and elegant CMOS compatible memory solution, which can be easily manufactured and commercialized. We expect such an approach to pave the way for even more efficient utilization of resonators and interferometers in chip scale photonic and electro optic systems, with wide range of applications such as filters, modulators, sensors, and lasers, to name a few.

physics.app-ph↗
arXiv2016

On-chip detection of radiation guided by dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides

We report a novel approach for on-chip electrical detection of the radiation guided by dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides (DLSPPW) and DLSPPW-based components. The detection is realized by fabricating DLSPPW components on the surface of a gold (Au) pad supported by a silicon (Si) substrate supplied with aluminum pads facilitating electrical connections, with the gold pad being perforated in a specific locations below the DLSPPWs in order to allow a portion of the DLSPPW-guided radiation to leak into the Si-substrate, where it is absorbed and electrically detected. We present two-dimensional photocurrent maps obtained when the laser beam is scanning across the gold pad containing the fabricated DLSPPW components that are excited via grating couplers located at the DLSPPW tapered terminations. By comparing photocurrent signals obtained when scanning over a DLSPPW straight waveguide with those related to a DLSPPW racetrack resonator, we first determine the background signal level and then the corrected DLSPPW resonator spectral response, which is found consistent with that obtained from full wave numerical simulations. The approach developed can be extended to other plasmonic waveguide configurations and advantageously used for rapid characterization of complicated plasmonic circuits.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2016

Enhanced light-vapor interactions and all optical switching in a chip scale micro-ring resonator coupled with atomic vapor

The coupling of atomic and photonic resonances serves as an important tool for enhancing light-matter interactions and enables the observation of multitude of fascinating and fundamental phenomena. Here, by exploiting the platform of atomic-cladding wave guides, we experimentally demonstrate the resonant coupling of rubidium vapor and an atomic cladding micro ring resonator. Specifically, we observed cavity-atom coupling in the form of Fano resonances having a distinct dependency on the relative frequency detuning between the photonic and the atomic resonances. Moreover, we were able to significantly enhance the efficiency of all optical switching in the V-type pump-probe scheme. The coupled system of micro-ring resonator and atomic vapor is a promising building block for a variety of light vapor experiments, as it offers a very small footprint, high degree of integration and extremely strong confinement of light and vapor. As such it may be used for important applications, such as all optical switching, dispersion engineering (e.g. slow and fast light) and metrology, as well as for the observation of important effects such as strong coupling, Purcell enhancement and bistability.

physics.optics↗