Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Orfeu Bertolami

Publications and source records attributed to Orfeu Bertolami.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
arXiv2014

Phase-space noncommutative formulation of Ozawa's uncertainty principle

Ozawa's measurement-disturbance relation is generalized to a phase-space noncommutative extension of quantum mechanics. It is shown that the measurement-disturbance relations have additional terms for backaction evading quadrature amplifiers and for noiseless quadrature transducers. Several distinctive features appear as a consequence of the noncommutative extension: measurement interactions which are noiseless, and observables which are undisturbed by a measurement, or of independent intervention in ordinary quantum mechanics, may acquire noise, become disturbed by the measurement, or no longer be an independent intervention in noncommutative quantum mechanics. It is also found that there can be states which violate Ozawa's universal noise-disturbance trade-off relation, but verify its noncommutative deformation.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2014

Black hole solutions of gravity theories with nonminimal coupling between matter and curvature

We study black hole solutions in an extension of General Relativity (GR) with an explicit non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature. General black hole solutions satisfying the known energy conditions are derived including the ones with anti-de Sitter background. These solutions differ from those of GR just by a coupling function dependent rescaling of the mass and charge of the black hole and by a "dressing" of the cosmological constant. The existence of black hole solutions of the nonminimally coupled theory as well as the conditions for a suitable weak field limit are considered as a constraint on the coupling function responsible for the nonminimal coupling between matter and curvature. The "dressing" of the cosmological constant is then used to address the cosmological constant problem.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2014

Minimal extension of General Relativity: alternative gravity model with non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature

We examine an extension of General Relativity with an explicit non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature. The purpose of this work is to present an overview of the implications of the latter to various contexts, ranging from astrophysical matter distributions to a cosmological setting. Various results are discussed, including the impact of this non-minimal coupling on the choice of Lagrangian density, on a mechanism to mimic galactic and cluster dark matter, on the possibility of accounting for the accelerated expansion of the Universe, energy density fluctuations and modifications to post-inflationary reheating. The equivalence between a model exhibiting a non-minimal coupling and multi-scalar-theories is also discussed.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Modified Friedmann Equation from Nonminimally Coupled Theories of Gravity

In this work we study how nonminimally coupled theories of gravity modify the usual Friedmann equation, and develop two methods to treat these. The ambiguity in the form of the Lagrangian density of a perfect fluid is emphasized, and the impact of different dominant matter species is assessed. The Cosmological Constant problem is also discussed.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Robertson-Schroedinger type formulation of Ozawa's noise-disturbance uncertainty principle

In this work we derive a matrix formulation of a noise-disturbance uncertainty relation, which is akin to the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty principle. Our inequality is stronger than Ozawa's uncertainty principle and takes noise-disturbance correlations into account. Moreover, we show that, for certain types of measurement interactions, it is covariant with respect to linear symplectic transformations of the noise and disturbance operators.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2013

Solar System constraints to nonminimally coupled gravity

We extend the analysis of Chiba, Smith and Erickcek \cite{CSE} of Solar System constraints on $f(R)$ gravity to a class of nonminimally coupled (NMC) theories of gravity. These generalize $f(R)$ theories by replacing the action functional of General Relativity (GR) with a more general form involving two functions $f^1(R)$ and $f^2(R)$ of the Ricci scalar curvature $R$. While the function $f^1(R)$ is a nonlinear term in the action, analogous to $f(R)$ gravity, the function $f^2(R)$ yields a NMC between the matter Lagrangian density $\LL_m$ and the scalar curvature. The developed method allows for obtaining constraints on the admissible classes of functions $f^1(R)$ and $f^2(R)$, by requiring that predictions of NMC gravity are compatible with Solar System tests of gravity. We apply this method to a NMC model which accounts for the observed accelerated expansion of the Universe.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Cosmological perturbations in theories with non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter

In this work, one examines how the presence of a non-minimal coupling between the spacetime curvature and matter affects the evolution of cosmological perturbations around a homogeneous and isotropic Universe and hence the formation of large-scale structure. This framework places constraints on the terms which arise due to the coupling with matter and, in particular, on the modification in the growth of matter density perturbations. One obtains approximate analytical solutions for the evolution of matter overdensities during the matter dominated era and shows that these favor the presence of a coupling function that is compatible with the late-time cosmic acceleration.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Entanglement due to noncommutativity in the phase-space

The entanglement criterion for continuous variable systems and the conditions under which the uncertainty relations are fulfilled are generalized to the case of a noncommutative (NC) phase-space. The quantum nature and the separability of NC two-mode Gaussian states are examined. It is shown that the entanglement of Gaussian states may be exclusively induced by switching on the noncommutative deformation.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2013

Zen and the Art of Space-Time Manufacturing

We present a general discussion about the so-called emergent properties and discuss whether space-time and gravity can be regarded as emergent features of underlying more fundamental structures. Finally, we discuss some ideas about the multiverse, and speculate on how our universe might arise from the multiverse.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Mimicking dark matter in galaxy clusters through a non-minimal gravitational coupling with matter

In this work, one shows that a specific non-minimal coupling between the scalar curvature and matter can mimic the dark matter component of galaxy clusters. For this purpose, one assesses the Abell cluster A586, a massive nearby relaxed cluster of galaxies in virial equilibrium, where direct mass estimates and strong-lensing determinations are possible. One then extends the dark matter mimicking to a large sample of galaxy clusters whose density profiles are obtained from the Chandra high quality data, also in virial equilibrium. The total density, which generally follows a cusped profile and reveals a very small baryonic component, can be effectively described within this framework.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2012

Two-scalar-field model for the interaction of dark energy and dark matter

In this paper, we study the effects of an interaction between dark matter and dark energy through a two scalar field model with a potential $V(ϕ,χ)=e^{-λϕ}P(ϕ,χ)$, where $P(ϕ,χ)$ is a polynomial. We show that the cosmic expansion dynamics of the Universe is reproduced for a large range of the bare mass of the dark matter field and that there exist solutions with transient accelerated expansion. A modification in the exponential behavior of the potential is studied, with important physical implications, including the possibility of more realistic transient acceleration solutions.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2012

The Contribution of Thermal Effects to the Acceleration of the Deep-Space Pioneer Spacecraft

A method for the computation of the radiative momentum transfer in the Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft due to the diffusive and specular components of reflection is presented. The method provides a reliable estimate of the thermal contribution to the acceleration of these deep space probes and allows for a Monte-Carlo analysis from which an estimate of the impact of a possible variability of the parameters. It is shown that the whole anomalous acceleration can be explained by thermal effects. The model also allows one to estimate the expected time evolution of the acceleration due to thermal effects. The issue of thermal conduction between the different components of the spacecraft is discussed and confirmed to be negligible.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2012

Violation of the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty principle and non-commutative quantum mechanics

We show that a possible violation of the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty principle may signal the existence of a deformation of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra. More precisely, we prove that any Gaussian in phase-space (even if it violates the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty principle) is always a quantum state of an appropriate non-commutative extension of quantum mechanics. Conversely, all canonical non-commutative extensions of quantum mechanics display states that violate the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty principle.

hep-th↗
arXiv2012

Non-linearities in the quantum multiverse

It has been recently proposed that the multiverse of eternal inflation and the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics can be identified, yielding a new view on the measure and measurement problems. In the present note, we argue that a non-linear evolution of observables in the quantum multiverse would be an obstacle for such a description and that these non-linearities are expected from quite general arguments.

gr-qc↗