arXiv subjects

R. Hess

Publications and source records attributed to R. Hess.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Bayesian and Monte Carlo approaches to estimating uncertainty for the measurement of the bound-state $\beta$ decay of $^{205}\mathrm{Tl}^{81+}$

The measurement of the bound-state $\beta$ decay of $^{205}\mathrm{Tl}^{81+}$ at the Experimental Storage Ring at GSI, Darmstadt, has recently been reported with substantial impact on the use of $^{205}\mathrm{Pb}$ as an early Solar System chronometer and the low-energy measurement of the solar neutrino spectrum via the LOREX project. Due to the technical challenges in producing a high-purity $^{205}\mathrm{Tl}^{81+}$ secondary beam, a robust statistical method needed to be developed to estimate the variation in the contaminant $^{205}\mathrm{Pb}^{81+}$ produced in the fragmentation reaction, which was subsequently transmitted and stored in the ESR. Here we show that Bayesian and Monte Carlo methods produced comparable estimates for the contaminant variation, each with unique advantages and challenges given the complex statistical problems for this experiment. We recommend the adoption of such methods in future experiments that exhibit unknown statistical fluctuations.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2024

First simultaneous measurement of the gamma-ray and neutron emission probabilities in inverse kinematics at a heavy-ion storage ring

The probabilities for gamma-ray and particle emission as a function of the excitation energy of a decaying nucleus are valuable observables for constraining the ingredients of the models that describe the de-excitation of nuclei near the particle emission threshold. These models are essential in nuclear astrophysics and applications. In this work, we have for the first time simultaneously measured the gamma-ray and neutron emission probabilities of 208Pb. The measurement was performed in inverse kinematics at the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) of the GSI/FAIR facility, where a 208Pb beam interacted through the 208Pb(p,p') reaction with a hydrogen gas jet target. Instead of detecting the gamma-rays and neutrons emitted by 208Pb, we detected the heavy beam-like residues produced after gamma and neutron emission. These heavy residues were fully separated by a dipole magnet of the ESR and were detected with outstanding efficiencies. The comparison of the measured probabilities with model calculations has allowed us to test and select different descriptions of the gamma-ray strength function and the nuclear level density available in the literature.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2023

First measurement of the neutron-emission probability with a surrogate reaction in inverse kinematics at a heavy-ion storage ring

Neutron-induced reaction cross sections of short-lived nuclei are imperative to understand the origin of heavy elements in stellar nucleosynthesis and for societal applications, but their measurement is extremely complicated due to the radioactivity of the targets involved. One way of overcoming this issue is to combine surrogate reactions with the unique possibilities offered by heavy-ion storage rings. In this work, we describe the first surrogate-reaction experiment in inverse kinematics, which we successfully conducted at the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) of the GSI/FAIR facility, using the 208Pb(p,p') reaction as a surrogate for neutron capture on 207Pb. Thanks to the outstanding detection efficiencies possible at the ESR, we were able to measure for the first time the neutron-emission probability as a function of the excitation energy of 208Pb. We have used this probability to select different descriptions of the gamma-ray strength function and nuclear level density, and provide reliable results for the neutron-induced radiative capture cross section of 207Pb at energies for which no experimental data exist.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2023

Measurement of the Isolated Nuclear Two-Photon Decay in $^{72}\mathrm{Ge}$

The nuclear two-photon or double-gamma ($2\gamma$) decay is a second-order electromagnetic process whereby a nucleus in an excited state emits two gamma rays simultaneously. To be able to directly measure the $2\gamma$ decay rate in the low-energy regime below the electron-positron pair-creation threshold, we combined the isochronous mode of a storage ring with Schottky resonant cavities. The newly developed technique can be applied to isomers with excitation energies down to $\sim100$\,keV and half-lives as short as $\sim10$\,ms. The half-life for the $2\gamma$ decay of the first-excited $0^+$ state in bare $^{72}\mathrm{Ge}$ ions was determined to be $23.9\left(6\right)$\,ms, which strongly deviates from expectations.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2023

Storage, Accumulation and Deceleration of Secondary Beams for Nuclear Astrophysics

Low-energy investigations on rare ion beams are often limited by the available intensity and purity of the ion species in focus. Here, we present the first application of a technique that combines in-flight production at relativistic energies with subsequent secondary beam storage, accumulation and finally deceleration to the energy of interest. Using the FRS and ESR facilities at GSI, this scheme was pioneered to provide a secondary beam of $^{118}$Te$^{52+}$ for the measurement of nuclear proton-capture at energies of 6 and 7 MeV/u. The technique provided stored beam intensities of about $10^6$ ions at high purity and brilliance, representing a major step towards low-energy nuclear physics studies using rare ion beams.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2020

Determination of luminosity for in-ring reactions: A new approach for the low-energy domain

Luminosity is a measure of the colliding frequency between beam and target and it is a crucial parameter for the measurement of absolute values, such as reaction cross sections. In this paper, we make use of experimental data from the ESR storage ring to demonstrate that the luminosity can be precisely determined by modelling the measured Rutherford scattering distribution. The obtained results are in good agreement with an independent measurement based on the x-ray normalization method. Our new method provides an alternative way to precisely measure the luminosity in low-energy stored-beam configurations. This can be of great value in particular in dedicated low-energy storage rings where established methods are difficult or impossible to apply.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2020

Electron capture of Xe$^{54+}$ in collisions with H${_2}$ molecules in the energy range between 5.5 MeV/u and 30.9 MeV/u

The electron capture process was studied for Xe$^{54+}$ colliding with H$_2$ molecules at the internal gas target of the ESR storage ring at GSI, Darmstadt. Cross section values for electron capture into excited projectile states were deduced from the observed emission cross section of Lyman radiation, being emitted by the hydrogen-like ions subsequent to the capture of a target electron. The ion beam energy range was varied between 5.5 MeV/u and 30.9 MeV/u by applying the deceleration mode of the ESR. Thus, electron capture data was recorded at the intermediate and in particular the low collision energy regime, well below the beam energy necessary to produce bare xenon ions. The obtained data is found to be in reasonable qualitative agreement with theoretical approaches, while a commonly applied empirical formula significantly overestimates the experimental findings.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2019

Radiative electron capture as a tunable source of highly linearly polarized x-rays

The radiative electron capture (REC) into the K shell of bare Xe ions colliding with a hydrogen gas target has been investigated. In this study, the degree of linear polarization of the K-REC radiation was measured and compared with rigorous relativistic calculations as well as with the previous results recorded for U$^{92+}$. Owing to the improved detector technology a significant gain in precision of the present polarization measurement is achieved compared to the previously published results. The obtained data confirms that for medium-Z ions such as Xe the REC process is a source of highly polarized x-rays which can easily be tuned with respect to the degree of linear polarization and the photon energy. We argue, in particular, that for relatively low energies the photons emitted under large angles are almost fully linear polarized.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2019

Approaching the Gamow window with stored ions: Direct measurement of $^{124}$Xe(p,$γ$) in the ESR storage ring

We report the first measurement of low-energy proton-capture cross sections of $^{124}$Xe in a heavy ion storage ring. $^{124}$Xe$^{54+}$ ions of five different beam energies between 5.5 AMeV and 8 AMeV were stored to collide with a windowless hydrogen target. The $^{125}$Cs reaction products were directly detected. The interaction energies are located on the high energy tail of the Gamow window for hot, explosive scenarios such as supernovae and X-ray binaries. The results serve as an important test of predicted astrophysical reaction rates in this mass range. Good agreement in the prediction of the astrophysically important proton width at low energy is found, with only a 30% difference between measurement and theory. Larger deviations are found above the neutron emission threshold, where also neutron- and $γ$-widths significantly impact the cross sections. The newly established experimental method is a very powerful tool to investigate nuclear reactions on rare ion beams at low center-of-mass energies.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2013

High-resolution measurement of the time-modulated orbital electron capture and of the $β^+$ decay of hydrogen-like $^{142}$Pm$^{60+}$ ions

The periodic time modulations, found recently in the two-body orbital electron-capture (EC) decay of both, hydrogen-like $^{140}$Pr$^{58+}$ and $^{142}$Pm$^{60+}$ ions, with periods near to 7s and amplitudes of about 20%, were re-investigated for the case of $^{142}$Pm$^{60+}$ by using a 245 MHz resonator cavity with a much improved sensitivity and time resolution. We observed that the exponential EC decay is modulated with a period $T = 7.11(11)$s, in accordance with a modulation period $T = 7.12(11)$ s as obtained from simultaneous observations with a capacitive pick-up, employed also in the previous experiments. The modulation amplitudes amount to $a_R = 0.107(24)$ and $a_P = 0.134(27)$ for the 245 MHz resonator and the capacitive pick-up, respectively. These new results corroborate for both detectors {\it exactly} our previous findings of modulation periods near to 7s, though with {\it distinctly smaller} amplitudes. Also the three-body $β^+$ decays have been analyzed. For a supposed modulation period near to 7s we found an amplitude $a = 0.027(27)$, compatible with $a = 0$ and in agreement with the preliminary result $a = 0.030(30)$ of our previous experiment. These observations could point at weak interaction as origin of the observed 7s-modulation of the EC decay. Furthermore, the data suggest that interference terms occur in the two-body EC decay, although the neutrinos are not directly observed.

nucl-ex↗