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Richard F. Lebed

Publications and source records attributed to Richard F. Lebed.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

B^+ --> D^{*+}_s gamma and B^+ --> D^{*+} gamma as Probes of V_{ub}

The decays B^+ --> D^{*+}_s gamma and B^+ --> D^{*+} gamma can be used for an extraction of |V_{ub}|. When the b and c quarks are nearly degenerate the rate for these modes can be determined in terms of other observed rates, namely B\bar{B} mixing and D^* --> D gamma decay. To this end we introduce a novel application of heavy quark and flavor symmetries. Although somewhat unrealistic, this limit provides us with a first estimate of these rates.

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Operator Analysis of L=1 Baryon Masses in Large N_c QCD

We consider in detail the mass operator analysis for the nonstrange L=1 excited baryons in large N_c QCD. We present a straightforward procedure for constructing the large N_c baryon wavefunctions, and provide complete analytic expressions for the matrix elements of all the independent isosinglet mass operators. We discuss the relationship between the old-fashioned operator analyses based on nonrelativistic SU(6) symmetry and the modern large N_c approach, which has a firmer theoretical foundation. We then suggest a possible dynamical interpretation for the subset of operators preferred strongly by the data.

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Phenomenology of Large N_c QCD

These lectures are designed to introduce the methods and results of large N_c QCD in a presentation intended for nuclear and particle physicists alike. Beginning with definitions and motivations of the approach, we demonstrate that all quark and gluon Feynman diagrams are organized into classes based on powers of 1/N_c. We then show that this result can be translated into definite statements about mesons and baryons containing arbitrary numbers of constituents. In the mesons, numerous well-known phenomenological properties follow as immediate consequences of simply counting powers of N_c, while for the baryons, quantitative large N_c analyses of masses and other properties are seen to agree with experiment, even when ``large'' N_c is set equal to its observed value of 3. Large N_c reasoning is also used to explain some simple features of nuclear interactions.

nucl-th↗

NN Interactions in QCD: Old and New Techniques

Since QCD is believed to be the underlying theory of the strong interaction, it is appropriate to study techniques that take into account more features of its rich and complex structure. We begin by discussing aspects of physics that are ill-reproduced by the usual one- or two-meson exchange approaches and identify the source of the deficiencies of these models. We then reveal promising methods for curing some of these ills, such as new quark potential models, baryon chiral perturbation theory, soluble strongly-interacting field theories, and large N_c QCD.

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Explicit Quark-Hadron Duality in 1+1 Dimensions

Explicit quark-hadron duality in the limit of heavy quark mass is studied using the 't Hooft model, where both partonic and hadronic amplitudes may be computed exactly. Results for weak decays of heavy mesons are presented for both standard spectator decays, where the duality limit is convincingly approached, and annihilation decays of the valence quark-antiquark pair, where the approach to asymptotic duality is much less precise.

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Masses of Orbitally Excited Baryons in Large N_c QCD

We present the first phenomenological study of the masses of orbitally excited baryons in large N_c QCD. Restricting here to the nonstrange sector of the L=1 baryons, the 1/N_c expansion is used to order and select a basis of effective operators that spans the nine observables (seven masses and two mixing angles). Fits are performed using subsets of the complete set of nine operators, including corrections up to O(1/N_c) where leading order is N_c^1. This study shows that the 1/N_c expansion provides an excellent framework for analyzing the mass spectrum, and uncovers a new hierarchy of operator contributions.

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Quark-Hadron Duality in the 't Hooft Model for Meson Weak Decays: Different Quark Diagram Topologies

We compare the effects of different quark diagram topologies on the weak hadronic width of heavy-light mesons in the large N_c limit. We enumerate the various topologies and show that the only one dominant (or even comparable) in powers of N_c to the noninteracting spectator "tree" diagram is the "annihilation" diagram, in which the valence quark-antiquark pair annihilate weakly. We compute the amplitude for this diagram in the 't Hooft model (QCD in 1+1 spacetime dimensions with a large number of colors N_c) at the hadronic level and compare to the Born term partonic level. We find that quark-hadron duality is not well satisfied, even after the application of a smearing procedure to the hadronic result. A number of interesting subtleties absent from the tree diagram case arise in the annihilation diagram case, and are described in detail.

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New Constraints on Dispersive Form Factor Parameterizations from the Timelike Region

We generalize a recent model-independent form factor parameterization derived from rigorous dispersion relations to include constraints from data in the timelike region. These constraints dictate the convergence properties of the parameterization and appear as sum rules on the parameters. We further develop a new parameterization that takes into account finiteness and asymptotic conditions on the form factor, and use it to fit to the elastic πelectromagnetic form factor. We find that the existing world sample of timelike data gives only loose bounds on the form factor in the spacelike region, but explain how the acquisition of additional timelike data or fits to other form factors are expected to give much better results. The same parameterization is seen to fit spacelike data extremely well.

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Consistency constraints on m_s from QCD dispersion relations and chiral perturbation theory in K_{l3} decays

We use both old and new theoretical developments in QCD dispersion relation constraints on the scalar form factor in the decay K --> πl ν_l to obtain constraints on the strange quark mass. The perturbative QCD side of the calculation incorporates up to four-loop corrections, while the hadronic side uses a recently developed parameterization constructed explicitly to satisfy the dispersive constraints. Using chiral perturbation theory (\chiPT) as a model for soon-to-be measured data, we find a series of lower bounds on m_s increasing with the accuracy to which one believes \chiPT to represent the full QCD result.

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Precision Corrections to Dispersive Bounds on Form Factors

We present precision corrections to dispersion relation bounds on form factors in bottom hadron semileptonic decays and analyze their effects on parameterizations derived from these bounds. We incorporate QCD two-loop and nonperturbative corrections to the two-point correlator, consider form factors whose contribution to decay rates is suppressed by lepton mass, and implement more realistic estimates of truncation errors associated with the parameterizations. We include higher resonances in the hadronic sum that, together with heavy quark symmetry relations near zero recoil, further tighten the sum rule bounds. Utilizing all these improvements, we show that each of the six form factors in B --> D l nu and B --> D^* l nu can be described with 3% or smaller precision using only the overall normalization and one unknown parameter. A similar one-coefficient parameterization of one of the Lambda_b --> Lambda_c l nu form factors, together with heavy quark symmetry relations valid to order 1/m^2, describes the differential baryon decay rate in terms of one unknown parameter and the phenomenologically interesting quantity (\bar Lambda)_Lambda \approx M_{Lambda_b} - m_b. We discuss the validity of slope-curvature relations derived by Caprini and Neubert, and present weaker, corrected relations. Finally, we present sample fits of current experimental B --> D^*l nu and B --> D l nu data to the improved one-parameter expansion.

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Explicit Quark-hadron Duality in Heavy-light Meson Weak Decays in the 't Hooft Model

We compute the nonleptonic weak decay width of a heavy-light meson in 1+1 spacetime dimensions with a large number of QCD colors (the 't Hooft model) as a function of the heavy quark mass. In this limit, QCD is exactly soluble, and decay modes are dominated by two-particle final states. We compare the results to the tree-level partonic decay width of the heavy quark in order to test quark-hadron duality in this universe. We find that this duality is surprisingly well satisfied in the heavy quark limit, in that the difference between the sum of exclusive partial widths and the tree-level partonic width approaches a constant as M --> infinity, and the deviation is well-fit by a small 1/M correction. We comment on the meaning of this conclusion and its implications for the use of quark-hadron duality in hadronic physics.

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Improved QCD Form Factor Constraints and Lambda_b --> Lambda_c l nu

We construct model-independent parametrizations of the individual QCD form factors relevant to Lambda_b --> Lambda_c l nu decays. These results follow from dispersion relations and analyticity, and incorporate an improvement in the technique that reduces the number of necessary parameters. To describe most form factors with 5%--10% accuracy over the entire kinematic range, three parameters are necessary, one of which is its normalization at zero recoil. We also apply the improvement to meson decays, and find, using the heavy quark form factor normalization, that almost every B --> D l nu and B --> D^* l nu form factor is well-described by a single-variable parametrization. B --> pi l nu requires a total of only 3 to 5 parameters, depending on the desired accuracy.

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Relating CKM Parametrizations and Unitarity Triangles

Concise variable transformations between the four angles of the CKM matrix in the standard representation advocated by the Particle Data Group and the angles of the unitarity triangles are derived. The behavior of these transformations in various limits is explored. The straightforward extension of this calculation to other representations and more generations is indicated.

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Heavy Baryons in SU(2) $\times$ SU(6)

The spectrum of baryons containing heavy quarks of one flavor is described in terms of representations of the group SU(2) X SU(6), where the two factor groups refer to spin rotations of the heavy quarks and spin-flavor rotations of the light quarks, respectively. This symmetry has a natural interpretation in the heavy quark limit. We exhibit the decomposition of baryon mass operators under this symmetry and compare to experimental results. We discuss the relation of this analysis to that of large-N_c QCD as well as four-flavor SU(8), and indicate the generalization of this work to other properties of heavy baryons.

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SU(3) Decomposition of Two-Body B Decay Amplitudes

We present the complete flavor SU(3) decomposition of decay amplitudes for decays of the triplet (B^+_u, B^0_d, B^0_s) of B mesons nonleptonically into two pseudoscalar mesons. This analysis holds for arbitrarily broken SU(3) and can be used to generate amplitude relations when physical arguments permit one to neglect or relate any of the reduced amplitudes.

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Constraints on Form Factors For Exclusive Semileptonic Heavy to Light Meson Decays

We use rigorous QCD dispersion relations to derive model-independent bounds on the B -> pi l nu, D -> pi l nu and D -> K l nu form factors. These bounds are particularly restrictive when the value of the observable form factor at one or more kinematic points is assumed. With reasonable assumptions we find f_B < 195 MeV and that the shape of the form factor becomes severely constrained. These constraints are useful both for model discrimination and for model-insensitive extraction of CKM mixing parameters.

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Model-Independent Determinations of B -> D l nu , D* l nu Form Factors

We present nonperturbative, model-independent parametrizations of the individual QCD form factors relevant to B -> D* l nu and B -> D l nu decays. These results follow from dispersion relations and analyticity, without recourse to heavy quark symmetry. To describe a form factor with two percent accuracy, three parameters are necessary, one of which is its normalization at zero recoil, F(1). We combine the individual form factors using heavy quark symmetry to extract values for the product |V_{cb}| F(1) from B -> D* l nu data with negligible extrapolation uncertainty.

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Model-Independent Extraction of |V_{cb}| Using Dispersion Relations

We present a method for parametrizing heavy meson semileptonic form factors using dispersion relations, and from it produce a two-parameter description of the B -> B elastic form factor. We use heavy quark symmetry to relate this function to B->D* l νform factors, and extract |V_{cb}|=0.037^{+0.003}_{-0.002} from experimental data with a least squares fit. Our method eliminates model-dependent uncertainties inherent in choosing a parametrization for the extrapolation of the differential decay rate to threshold. The method also allows a description of B -> D l nu form factors accurate to 1% in terms of two parameters.

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