arXiv subjects

Sami Hage-Ali

Publications and source records attributed to Sami Hage-Ali.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Magnetic SAW RFID Sensor Based on Love Wave for Detection of Magnetic Field and Temperature

Magnetic field measurement including a temperature compensation is essential for a magnetic field sensor. This study investigates a magnetic surface acoustic wave (MSAW) sensor in a reflective delay line configuration with two acoustic propagation paths with and without magnetic field sensitive layer. The delay in path with sensitive layer leads to magnetic field detection and the one without enable temperature measurement and thus compensation for the first path. The developed sensor is based on a ZnO/LiNbO$_3$ Ycut (X-direction) layered structure as Love wave platform. Love wave as a shear wave being more favorable for magnetic detection. Co-Fe-B is considered as sensitive layer to detect magnetic field changes and is deposited on the top of ZnO, but only on one of the two paths. We combined an original configuration of connected IDTs with a high electromechanical coupling coefficient (K$^2$) mode to improve the signal amplitude. The achieved sensor exhibits a high temperature and magnetic field sensitivity of -63 ppm/$^\circ$C and -781 ppm/mT, respectively. The temperature compensation method for magnetic field measurement is demonstrated using a differential measurement by subtracting the delay times obtained for the two paths with and without the sensitive layer. Finally, The sensor exhibited good repeatability at various temperatures. Moreover, the device developed allows in addition to the multisensor functionality, the radio frequency identification (RFID) which is necessary for the deployment of sensor networks.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2023

Wireless strain and temperature monitoring in reinforced concrete using Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensors

Monitoring the health of civil engineering structures using implanted deformation, temperature and corrosion sensors would further improve maintenance and extend the service life of those structures. However, sensor integration poses a number of problems, due to the presence of cables and on-board electronics. Passive, wireless SAW sensors offer a very promising solution, here. We used commercial SAW devices mounted on steel rebars to carry out an initial feasibility study. Without cables or embedded electronics, we were able to measure the deformation of a concrete beam subjected to bending load. We were also able to measure the temperature continuously over a three-week period.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2023

Innovative NiAl Electrodes for Long-Term, Intermediate High-Temperature SAW Sensing Applications Using LiNbO$_3$ Substrates

Wireless SAW reflective delay line (R-DL) technology is very powerful to carry out remote measurements of various parameters under harsh environments, while enabling the identification of a given sensor among several of them. However, R-DL technology is currently limited to 350$^\circ$C for long-term applications, likely because of aluminium electrodes oxidation and/or congruent lithium niobate segregation process. In this study, an innovative alloy, namely NiAl, is investigated as an alternative to Al to make R-DLs able to withstand high temperatures up to 500$^\circ$C on the long term. Indeed, NiAl gathers, in the bulk state, all the necessary properties (fairly low electrical resistivity and density, high melting temperature and resistance to oxidation). The study also examines the extent of the congruent LiNbO$_3$ segregation process, to determine its impact on the NiAl/LiNbO$_3$ R-DLs performances. The obtained results are very promising. NiAl electrodes self-passivate during the first 50h of annealing at 500$^\circ$C: 20 nm-thick Al$_2$O$_3$ layers form at the surface and in between the electrodes and the substrate, protecting the remaining NiAl layer from further oxidation. Besides, the segregation process occurs mainly in the same time. It is located in the first 150-200 nm of the substrate. Both phenomena have no significant impact on the performance of NiAl/LiNbO$_3$ R-DLs working at 433 MHz. Continuous in-situ electrical monitoring of such devices shows a standard deviation of the operating frequency of only 1.04 ppm during an annealing process of 250h at 500$^\circ$C. Moreover, the time-resolved S11 response of the device at the end of this treatment is not degraded at all. Thus, 433 MHz NiAl/LiNbO$_3$ R-DL sensors can operate with high fidelity for at least 10 days at 500$^\circ$C under air atmosphere, and there are strong signs that their lifetime is actually much longer.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2019

Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate Crystals: Towards Identifiable Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors Operable up to 600$^\circ$C

Wireless surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors constitute a promising solution to some unsolved industrial sensing issues taking place at high temperatures. Currently, this technology enables wireless measurements up to 600-700$^\circ$C at best. However, the applicability of such sensors remains incomplete since they do not allow identification above 400$^\circ$C. The latter would require the use of a piezoelectric substrate providing a large electromechanical coupling coefficient K 2 , while being stable at high temperature. In this letter, we investigate the potentiality of stoichiometric lithium niobate (sLN) crystals for such purpose. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction attest that sLN crystals withstand high temperatures up to 800$^\circ$C, at least for several days. In situ measurements of sLN-based SAW resonators conducted up to 600$^\circ$C show that the K 2 of these crystals remains high and stable throughout the whole experiment, which is very promising for the future achievement of identifiable wireless high-temperature SAW sensors.

physics.app-ph↗