Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Shing-Tung Yau

Publications and source records attributed to Shing-Tung Yau.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

Calabi-Yau Volumes and Reflexive Polytopes

We study various geometrical quantities for Calabi-Yau varieties realized as cones over Gorenstein Fano varieties, obtained as toric varieties from reflexive polytopes in various dimensions. Focus is made on reflexive polytopes up to dimension 4 and the minimized volumes of the Sasaki-Einstein base of the corresponding Calabi-Yau cone are calculated. By doing so, we conjecture new bounds for the Sasaki-Einstein volume with respect to various topological quantities of the corresponding toric varieties. We give interpretations about these volume bounds in the context of associated field theories via the AdS/CFT correspondence.

hep-th↗

Three dimensional canonical singularity and five dimensional N=1 SCFT

We conjecture that every three dimensional canonical singularity defines a five dimensional N=1 SCFT. Flavor symmetry can be found from singularity structure: non-abelian flavor symmetry is read from the singularity type over one dimensional singular locus. The dimension of Coulomb branch is given by the number of compact crepant divisors from a crepant resolution of singularity. The detailed structure of Coulomb branch is described as follows: a): A chamber of Coulomb branch is described by a crepant resolution, and this chamber is given by its Nef cone and the prepotential is computed from triple intersection numbers; b): Crepant resolution is not unique and different resolutions are related by flops; Nef cones from crepant resolutions form a fan which is claimed to be the full Coulomb branch.

hep-th↗

Pretty good state transfer in graphs with an involution

We study pretty good quantum state transfer (i.e., state transfer that becomes arbitrarily close to perfect) between vertices of graphs with an involution in the presence of an energy potential. In particular, we show that if a graph has an involution that fixes at least one vertex or at least one edge, then there exists a choice of potential on the vertex set of the graph for which we get pretty good state transfer between symmetric vertices of the graph. We show further that in many cases, the potential can be chosen so that it is only non-zero at the vertices between which we want pretty good state transfer. As a special case of this, we show that such a potential can be chosen on the endpoints of a path to induce pretty good state transfer in paths of any length. This is in contrast to the result of [6], in which the authors show that there cannot be perfect state transfer in paths of length 4 or more, no matter what potential is chosen.

math.CO↗

Argyres-Douglas matter and N=2 dualities

We study S duality of four dimensional N=2 Argyres-Douglas (AD) theory engineered from 6d A_{N-1} (2,0) theory. We find a (p,q) sequence of SCFTs, here (p,q) is co-prime and class S theory defined on sphere corresponds to class (0,1) theory. We represent these theories by a sphere with marked points, and S duality is interpreted as different pants decompositions of the same punctured sphere. The weakly coupled gauge theory description involves gauging AD matter which is represented by three punctured sphere.

hep-th↗

Quantum Statistics and Spacetime Surgery

We apply the geometric-topology surgery theory on spacetime manifolds to study the constraints of quantum statistics data in 2+1 and 3+1 spacetime dimensions. First, we introduce the fusion data for worldline and worldsheet operators capable creating anyon excitations of particles and strings, well-defined in gapped states of matter with intrinsic topological orders. Second, we introduce the braiding statistics data of particles and strings, such as the geometric Berry matrices for particle-string Aharonov-Bohm and multi-loop adiabatic braiding process, encoded by submanifold linkings, in the closed spacetime 3-manifolds and 4-manifolds. Third, we derive new quantum surgery constraints analogous to Verlinde formula associating fusion and braiding statistics data via spacetime surgery, essential for defining the theory of topological orders, and potentially correlated to bootstrap boundary physics such as gapless modes, conformal field theories or quantum anomalies.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Evolutionary dynamics on any population structure

Evolution occurs in populations of reproducing individuals. The structure of a biological population affects which traits evolve. Understanding evolutionary game dynamics in structured populations is difficult. Precise results have been absent for a long time, but have recently emerged for special structures where all individuals have the same number of neighbors. But the problem of determining which trait is favored by selection in the natural case where the number of neighbors can vary, has remained open. For arbitrary selection intensity, the problem is in a computational complexity class which suggests there is no efficient algorithm. Whether there exists a simple solution for weak selection was unanswered. Here we provide, surprisingly, a general formula for weak selection that applies to any graph or social network. Our method uses coalescent theory and relies on calculating the meeting times of random walks. We can now evaluate large numbers of diverse and heterogeneous population structures for their propensity to favor cooperation. We can also study how small changes in population structure---graph surgery---affect evolutionary outcomes. We find that cooperation flourishes most in societies that are based on strong pairwise ties.

q-bio.PE↗

More on the admissible condition on differentiable maps $φ: (X^{\!A\!z},E;\nabla)\rightarrow Y$ in the construction of the non-Abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld action $S_{DBI}(φ,\nabla)$

In D(13.1) (arXiv:1606.08529 [hep-th]), we introduced an admissible condition on differentiable maps $φ: (X^{\!A\!z}, E;\nabla)\rightarrow Y$ from an Azumaya/matrix manifold $X^{\!A\!z}$ (with the fundamental module $E$) with a connection $\nabla$ on $E$ to a manifold $Y$ in order to resolve a pull-push issue in the construction of a non-Abelian-Dirac-Infeld action $S_{DBI}$ for $(φ,\nabla)$ and to render $\nabla$ massless from the aspect of open strings. The admissible condition ibidem consists of two parts: Condition (1) and Condition (2). In this brief note, we examine these two conditions in more detail and bring their geometric implications on $(φ,\nabla)$ and the full action $S_{DBI}(φ,\nabla)+S_{CS/WZ}(φ,\nabla)$ more transparent. In particular, we show that Condition (1) alone already implies masslessness of $\nabla$ from open-string aspect; and that the additional Condition (2) implies a decoupling of the nilpotent fuzzy cloud of $φ(X^{\!A\!z})$ to the dynamics of $(φ, \nabla)$. We conclude with a refined definition of admissible $(φ,\nabla)$ and a remark on the anomaly factor in the integrand of the Chern-Simons/Wess-Zumino term $S_{CS/WZ}(φ,\nabla)$ for D-branes based on the current study.

hep-th↗

Perfect state transfer on graphs with a potential

In this paper we study quantum state transfer (also called quantum tunneling) on graphs when there is a potential function on the vertex set. We present two main results. First, we show that for paths of length greater than three, there is no potential on the vertices of the path for which perfect state transfer between the endpoints can occur. In particular, this answers a question raised by Godsil in Section 20 of [8]. Second, we show that if a graph has two vertices that share a common neighborhood, then there is a potential on the vertex set for which perfect state transfer will occur between those two vertices. This gives numerous examples where perfect state transfer does not occur without the potential, but adding a potential makes perfect state transfer possible. In addition, we investigate perfect state transfer on graph products, which gives further examples where perfect state transfer can occur.

math.CO↗

Elliptic Virasoro Conformal Blocks

We study certain six dimensional theories arising on $(p,q)$ brane webs living on $\mathbb{R}\times S^1$. These brane webs are dual to toric elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds. The compactification of the space on which the brane web lives leads to a deformation of the partition functions equivalent to the elliptic deformation of the Ding-Iohara algebra. We compute the elliptic version Dotsenko-Fateev integrals and show that they reproduce the instanton counting of the six dimensional theory.

hep-th↗

A remark on our paper "Negative Holomorphic curvature and positive canonical bundle"

This is a continuation of our first paper in [WY16]. There are two purposes of this paper: One is to give a proof of the main result in [WY16] without going through the argument depending on numerical effectiveness. The other one is to provide a proof of our conjecture, mentioned in [TY], where the assumption of negative holomorphic sectional curvature is dropped to quasi-negative. We should note that a solution to our conjecture is also provided by Diverio-Trapani [DT]. Both proofs depend on our argument in [WY16]. But our argument here makes use of the argument given by the second author and Cheng in [CY75].

math.DG↗

Quasi-local mass at the null infinity of the Vaidya spacetime

There are two important statements regarding the Trautman-Bondi mass [1,8,5] at null infinity: one is the positivity [7,6], and the other is the Bondi mass loss formula [1], which are both global in nature. The positivity of the quasi-local mass can potentially lead to a local description at null infinity. This is confirmed for the Vaidya spacetime in this note. We study the Wang-Yau quasi-local mass on surfaces of fixed size at the null infinity of the Vaidya spacetime. The optimal embedding equation is solved explicitly and the quasi-local mass is evaluated in terms of the mass aspect function of the Vaidya spacetime.

math.DG↗

K stability and stability of chiral ring

We define a notion of stability for chiral ring of four dimensional N=1 theory by introducing test chiral rings and generalized a maximization. We conjecture that a chiral ring is the chiral ring of a superconformal field theory if and only if it is stable. We then study N=1 field theory derived from D3 branes probing a three-fold singularity X, and show that the K stability which implies the existence of Ricci-flat conic metric on X is equivalent to the stability of chiral ring of the corresponding field theory.

hep-th↗

Dynamics of D-branes I. The non-Abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld action, its first variation, and the equations of motion for D-branes --- with remarks on the non-Abelian Chern-Simons/Wess-Zumino term

In earlier works, D(1) (arXiv:0709.1515 [math.AG]), D(11.1) (arXiv:1406.0929 [math.DG]), D(11.2) (arXiv:1412.0771 [hep-th]), and D(11.3.1) (arXiv:1508.02347 [math.DG]), we have explained why a D-brane in string theory, when treated as a fundamental dynamical object, can be described by a map $φ$ from an Azumaya/matrix manifold $X^{Az}$ (cf. D-brane world-volume) with a fundamental module with a connection $(E,\nabla)$ (cf. Chan-Paton bundle) to the target space-time $Y$. In this sequel, we construct a non-Abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld action functional $S_{DBI}^{(Φ, g, B)}(φ,\nabla)$ for such pairs $(φ,\nabla)$. We next develop a technical tool needed to study variations of this action and apply it to derive the first variation $δS_{DBI}^{(Φ,g,B)}/δ(φ,\nabla)$ of $S_{DBI}^{(Φ,g,B)}$ with respect to $(φ,\nabla)$. The equations of motion that govern the dynamics of D-branes then follow. A complete action for a D-brane world-volume must include also the Chern-Simons/Wess-Zumino term $S_{CS/WZ}^{(C)}(φ,\nabla)$ that governs how the D-brane world-volume couples with the Ramond-Ramond fields $C$ on $Y$. In the current notes, a version $S^{(C,B)}_{CS/WZ}(φ,\nabla)$ of non-Abelian Chern-Simons/Wess-Zumino action functional for $(φ,\nabla)$ that follows the same guide with which we construct $S^{(Φ,g,B)}_{DBI}(φ,\nabla)$ is constructed for lower-dimensional D-branes (i.e. D(-1)-, D0-, D1-, D2-branes). Its first variation $δS^{(C,B)}_{CS/WZ}(φ,\nabla)/δ(φ,\nabla)$ is derived and its contribution to the equations of motion for $(φ, \nabla)$ follows. The current notes lay down a foundation toward the dynamics of D-branes along the line of this D-project.

hep-th↗

4d N=2 SCFT from Complete Intersection Singularity

Detailed studies of four dimensional N=2 superconformal field theories (SCFT) defined by isolated complete intersection singularities are performed: we compute the Coulomb branch spectrum, Seiberg-Witten solutions and central charges. Most of our theories have exactly marginal deformations and we identify the weakly coupled gauge theory descriptions for many of them, which involve (affine) D and E shaped quiver gauge theories and theories formed from Argyres-Douglas matters. These investigations provide strong evidence for the singularity approach in classifying 4d N=2 SCFTs.

hep-th↗

4d N=2 SCFT and singularity theory Part II: Complete intersection

We classify three dimensional isolated weighted homogeneous rational complete intersection singularities, which define many new four dimensional N=2 superconformal field theories. We also determine the mini-versal deformation of these singularities, and therefore solve the Coulomb branch spectrum and Seiberg-Witten solution.

hep-th↗

Quasi-local energy with respect to a static spacetime

This article considers the quasi-local energy in reference to a general static spacetime. We follow the approach developed by the authors in [19, 20, 7, 9] and define the quasi-local energy as a difference of surface Hamiltonians, which are derived from the Einstein-Hilbert action. The new quasi-local energy provides an effective gauge independent measurement of how far a spacetime deviates away from the reference static spacetime on a finitely extended region.

math.DG↗

Curvatures of moduli space of curves and applications

In this paper, we investigate the geometry of the moduli space of curves by using the curvature properties of direct image sheaves of vector bundles. We show that the moduli space $(M_g, ω_{WP})$ of curves with genus $g>1$ has dual-Nakano negative and semi-Nakano-negative curvature, and in particular, it has non-positive Riemannain curvature operator and also non-positive complex sectional curvature. As applications, we prove that any submanifold in $M_g$ which is totally geodesic in $A_g$ with finite volume must be a ball quotient.

math.DG↗