arXiv subjects

Soo-Jong Rey

Publications and source records attributed to Soo-Jong Rey.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

Dual Little Strings and their Partition Functions

We study the topological string partition function of a class of toric, double elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds $X_{N,M}$ at a generic point in the Kähler moduli space. These manifolds engineer little string theories in five dimensions or lower and are dual to stacks of M5-branes probing a transverse orbifold singularity. Using the refined topological vertex formalism, we explicitly calculate a generic building block which allows to compute the topological string partition function of $X_{N,M}$ as a series expansion in different Kähler parameters. Using this result we give further explicit proof for a duality found previously in the literature, which relates $X_{N,M}\sim X_{N',M'}$ for $NM=N'M'$ and $\text{gcd}(N,M)=\text{gcd}(N',M')$.

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arXiv2017

E(lementary) Strings in Six-Dimensional Heterotic F-Theory

Using E-strings, we can analyze not only six-dimensional superconformal field theories but also probe vacua of non-perturabative heterotic string. We study strings made of D3-branes wrapped on various two-cycles in the global F-theory setup. We claim that E-strings are elementary in the sense that various combinations of E-strings can form M-strings as well as heterotic strings and new kind of strings, called G-strings. Using them, we show that emissions and combinations of heterotic small instantons generate most of known six-dimensional superconformal theories, their affinizations and little string theories. Taking account of global structure of compact internal geometry, we also show that special combinations of E-strings play an important role in constructing six-dimensional theories of $D$- and $E$-types. We check global consistency conditions from anomaly cancellation conditions, both from five-branes and strings, and show that they are given in terms of elementary E-string combinations.

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arXiv2017

Conformal Janus on Euclidean Sphere

We interpret Janus as an interface in a conformal field theory and study its properties. The Janus is created by an exactly marginal operator and we study its effect on the interface conformal field theory on the Janus. We do this by utilizing the AdS/CFT correspondence. We compute the interface free energy both from leading correction to the Euclidean action in the dual gravity description and from conformal perturbation theory in the conformal field theory. We find that the two results agree each other and that the interface free energy scales precisely as expected from the conformal invariance of the Janus interface.

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arXiv2017

Effective Action for Non-Geometric Fluxes from Duality Covariant Actions

The (heterotic) double field theories and the exceptional field theories are recently developed for manifestly duality covariant formulation of various supergravity theories, describing low-energy limit of various (heterotic) superstring and M-theory compactifications. These field theories are known to be reduced to the standard descriptions by introducing appropriately parameterized generalized metric and by applying suitably chosen section conditions. We generalize this development to non-geometric backgrounds by utilizing dual fields pertinent to non-geometric fluxes. We introduce different parameterizations for the generalized metric, in terms of the conventional supergravity fields or the dual fields. Under certain simplifying assumptions, we construct new effective action for non-geometric backgrounds. We then obtain the non-geometric backgrounds sourced by exotic branes. From them, we construct their $U$-duality monodromy matrices. The charge of exotic branes obtained from these monodromy matrices agrees perfectly with the charge obtained from the non-geometric flux integral.

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arXiv2017

Orthogonal Bases of Invariants in Tensor Models

Representation theory provides a suitable framework to count and classify invariants in tensor models. We show that there are two natural ways of counting invariants, one for arbitrary rank of the gauge group and a second, which is only valid for large N. We construct bases of invariant operators based on the counting, and compute correlators of their elements. The basis associated with finite N diagonalizes the two-point function of the theory and it is analogous to the restricted Schur basis used in matrix models. We comment on future lines of investigation.

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arXiv2017

Bound States of Little Strings and Symmetric Orbifold CFTs

We study BPS bound states of little strings in a limit where they realise monopole strings in five dimensional gauge theories. The latter have gauge group $U(M)^N$ and arise from compactification of $(1,0)$ little string theories of type $A_{M-1} \times A_{N-1}$. We find evidence that the partition function of a certain subclass of monopole strings of charge $(k,\ldots,k)$ ($k\geq 1$) is expressible as the partition function of a symmetric orbifold sigma model, whose target space is precisely the symmetric product of the moduli space of monopoles with charge $(1, \ldots, 1)$.

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arXiv2017

Supersymmetric Many-Body Systems from Partial Symmetries: Integrability, Localization and Scrambling

Partial symmetries are described by generalized group structures known as symmetric inverse semigroups. We use the algebras arising from these structures to realize supersymmetry in (0+1) dimensions and to build many-body quantum systems on a chain. This construction consists in associating appropriate supercharges to chain sites, in analogy to what is done in spin chains. For simple enough choices of supercharges, we show that the resulting states have a finite non-zero Witten index, which is invariant under perturbations, therefore defining supersymmetric phases of matter protected by the index. The Hamiltonians we obtain are integrable and display a spectrum containing both product and entangled states. By introducing disorder and studying the out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOC), we find that these systems are in the many-body localized phase and do not thermalize. Finally, we reformulate a theorem relating the growth of the second Renyi entropy to the OTOC on a thermal state in terms of partial symmetries.

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arXiv2016

Dual Little Strings from F-Theory and Flop Transitions

A particular two-parameter class of little string theories can be described by $M$ parallel M5-branes probing a transverse affine $A_{N-1}$ singularity. We previously discussed the duality between the theories labelled by $(N,M)$ and $(M,N)$. In this work, we propose that these two are in fact only part of a larger web of dual theories. We provide evidence that the theories labelled by $(N,M)$ and $(\tfrac{NM}{k},k)$ are dual to each other, where $k=\text{gcd}(N,M)$. To argue for this duality, we use a geometric realization of these little string theories in terms of F-theory compactifications on toric, non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds $X_{N,M}$ which have a double elliptic fibration structure. We show explicitly for a number of examples that $X_{NM/k,k}$ is part of the extended moduli space of $X_{N,M}$, i.e. the two are related through symmetry transformations and flop transitions. By working out the full duality map, we provide a simple check at the level of the free energy of the little string theories.

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arXiv2016

Massless and Massive Higher Spins from Anti-de Sitter Space Waveguide

Higgs mechanism to massive higher-spin gauge fields is an outstanding open problem. We investigate this issue in the context of Kaluza-Klein compactification. Starting from a free massless higher-spin field in $(d+2)$-dimensional anti-de Sitter space and compactifying over a finite angular wedge, we obtain an infinite tower of heavy, light and massless higher-spin fields in $(d+1)$-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. All massive higher-spin fields are described gauge invariantly in terms of Stüeckelberg fields. The spectrum depends on the boundary conditions imposed at both ends of the wedges. We obseved that higher-derivative boundary condition is inevitable for spin greater than three. For some higher-derivative boundary conditions, equivalently, spectrum-dependent boundary conditions, we get a non-unitary representation of partially-massless higher-spin fields of varying depth. We present intuitive picture which higher-derivative boundary conditions yield non-unitary system in terms of boundary action. We argue that isotropic Lifshitz interfaces in $O(N)$ Heisenberg magnet or $O(N)$ Gross-Neveu model provides the holographic dual conformal field theory and propose experimental test of (inverse) Higgs mechanism for massive and partially massless higher-spin fields.

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arXiv2016

New Supersymmetric Localizations from Topological Gravity

Supersymmetric field theories can be studied exactly on suitable off-shell supergravity backgrounds. We show that in two dimensions such backgrounds are identifiable with BRST invariant backgrounds of topological gravity coupled to an abelian topological gauge multiplet. This latter background is required for the consistent coupling of the topological `matter' YM theory to topological gravity. We make use of this topological point of view to obtain, in a simple and straightforward way, a complete classification of localizing supersymmetric backgrounds in two dimensions. The BRST invariant topological backgrounds are parametrized by both Killing vectors and $S^1$-equivariant cohomology of the 2-dimensional world-sheet. We reconstruct completely the supergravity backgrounds from the topological data: some of the supergravity fields are twisted versions of the topological backgrounds, but others are "composite", i.e. they are non-linear functionals of them. We recover all the known localizing 2-dimensional backgrounds and (infinitely) many more that have not been explored so far. We show that the supersymmetric $Ω$-deformation is nothing but the background value of the ghost-for-ghost of topological gravity, a result which holds for other dimensions too. The new localizing backgrounds are characterized by non-trivial fluxes for both the graviphotons of the supergravity multiplet.

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arXiv2016

A New Approach to Non-Abelian Hydrodynamics

We present a new approach to describe hydrodynamics carrying non-Abelian macroscopic degrees of freedom. Based on the Kaluza-Klein compactification of a higher-dimensional neutral dissipative fluid on a group manifold, we obtain a d=4 colored dissipative fluid coupled to Yang-Mills gauge field. We calculate the transport coefficients of the new fluid, which show the non-Abelian character of the gauge group. In particular, we obtain group-valued terms in the gradient expansions and response quantities such as the conductivity matrix and the chemical potentials. While using SU(2) for simplicity, this approach is applicable to any gauge group. Resulting a robust description of non-Abelian hydrodynamics, we discuss some links between this system and quark-gluon plasma and fluid/gravity duality.

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arXiv2016

Self-Duality and Self-Similarity of Little String Orbifolds

We study a class of ${\cal N}=(1,0)$ little string theories obtained from orbifolds of M-brane configurations. These are realised in two different ways that are dual to each other: either as $M$ parallel M5-branes probing a transverse $A_{N-1}$ singularity or $N$ M5-branes probing an $A_{M-1}$ singularity. These backgrounds can further be dualised into toric, non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds $X_{N,M}$ which have double elliptic fibrations and thus give a natural geometric description of T-duality of the little string theories. The little string partition functions are captured by the topological string partition function of $X_{N,M}$. We analyse in detail the free energies $Σ_{N,M}$ associated with the latter in a special region in the Kähler moduli space of $X_{N,M}$ and discover a remarkable property: in the Nekrasov-Shatashvili-limit, $Σ_{N,M}$ is identical to $NM$ times $Σ_{1,1}$. This entails that the BPS degeneracies for any $(N,M)$ can uniquely be reconstructed from the $(N,M)=(1,1)$ configuration, a property we refer to as self-similarity. Moreover, as $Σ_{1,1}$ is known to display a number of recursive structures, BPS degeneracies of little string configurations for arbitrary $(N,M)$ as well acquire additional symmetries. These symmetries suggest that in this special region the two little string theories described above are self-dual under T-duality.

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arXiv2016

Instanton-Monopole Correspondence from M-Branes on $\mathbb{S}^1$ and Little String Theory

We study BPS excitations in M5-M2-brane configurations with a compact transverse direction, which are also relevant for type IIa and IIb little string theories. These configurations are dual to a class of toric elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds $X_N$ with manifest $SL(2, \mathbb{Z}) \times SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ modular symmetry. They admit two dual gauge theory descriptions. For both, the non-perturbative partition function can be written as an expansion of the topological string partition function of $X_N$ with respect to either of the two modular parameters. We analyze the resulting BPS counting functions in detail and find that they can be fully constructed as linear combinations of the BPS counting functions of M5-M2-brane configurations with non-compact transverse directions. For certain M2-brane configurations, we also find that the free energies in the two dual theories agree with each other, which points to a new correspondence between instanton and monopole configurations. These results are also a manifestation of T-duality between type IIa and IIb little string theories.

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arXiv2016

Rainbow Vacua of Colored Higher Spin Gravity in Three Dimensions

We study the color-decoration of higher-spin (anti)-de Sitter gravity in three dimensions. We show that the rainbow vacua, which we found recently for the colored gravity theory, also pertain in the colored higher-spin theory. The color singlet spin-two plays the role of first fundamental form (metric). The difference is that when spontaneous breaking of color symmetry takes place, the Goldstone modes of massless spin-two combine with all other spins and become the maximal-depth partially massless fields of the highest spin in the theory, forming a Regge trajectory.

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arXiv2016

Finite Transformations in Doubled and Exceptional Space

In the double field theory, gauge symmetries are realized as generalized diffeomorphisms in the doubled spacetime. By consistency of the theory, dependence of tensor fields on the doubled coordinates is strongly constrained. This causes finite transformation law highly complicated, both technically and conceptually. In this paper, we propose a new, physically intuitive approach to finite gauge transformations by utilizing untwisted form of vector fields. In our approach, finite gauge transformation law is expressed in terms of diffeomorphisms on a maximal null subspace on which dynamical degrees of freedom live and of a local rotation of this null subspace embedded inside the doubled space. We show that our finite transformation automatically satisfies the composition law. We also show that ours is free from the so-called Papadopoulos problem, so can describe background with nontrivial three-form flux $H_3$. Added advantage of our approach is straightforward applicability to general extended field theories. We demonstrate this by explicitly obtaining finite transformation law in the SL(5) exceptional field theory.

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arXiv2016

Rainbow Valley of Colored (Anti) de Sitter Gravity in Three Dimensions

We propose a theory of three-dimensional (anti) de Sitter gravity carrying Chan-Paton color charges. We define the theory by Chern-Simons formulation with the gauge algebra $(\mathfrak{gl}_{2}\oplus \mathfrak{gl}_{2})\otimes \mathfrak{u}(N)$, obtaining a color-decorated version of interacting spin-one and spin-two fields. We also describe the theory in metric formulation and show that, among $N^{2}$ massless spin-two fields, only the singlet one plays the role of metric graviton whereas the rest behave as \emph{colored spinning matter} that strongly interacts at large $N$. Remarkably, these \emph{colored spinning matter} acts as Higgs field and generates a non-trivial potential of staircase shape. At each extremum labelled by $k = 0, \ldots, [\frac{N-1}2]$, the $\mathfrak{u}(N)$ color gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken down to $\mathfrak{u}(N-k)\oplus \mathfrak{u}(k)$ and provides different (A)dS backgrounds with the cosmological constants $\big(\frac{N}{N-2k}\big)^{2}\,Ł$\,. When this symmetry breaking takes place, the spin-two Goldstone modes combine with (or are eaten by) the spin-one gauge fields to become partially-massless spin-two fields. We discuss various aspects of this theory and highlight physical implications.

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arXiv2015

$\mathbf{O}(D,D)$ Covariant Noether Currents and Global Charges in Double Field Theory

Double field theory is an approach for massless modes of string theory, unifying and geometrizing all gauge invariance in manifest $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$ covariant manner. In this approach, we derive off-shell conserved Noether current and corresponding Noether potential associated with unified gauge invariance. We add Wald-type counter two-form to the Noether potential and define conserved global charges as surface integral. We check our $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$ covariant formula against various string backgrounds, both geometric and non-geometric. In all cases we examined, we find perfect agreements with previous results. Our formula facilitates to evaluate momenta along not only ordinary spacetime directions but also dual spacetime directions on equal footing. From this, we confirm recent assertion that null wave in doubled spacetime is the same as macroscopic fundamental string in ordinary spacetime.

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arXiv2015

M String, Monopole String and Modular Forms

We study relations between M-strings (one-dimensional intersections of M2-branes and M5-branes) in six dimensions and m-strings (magnetically charged monopole strings) in five dimensions. For specific configurations, we propose that the counting functions of BPS bound-states of M-strings capture the elliptic genus of the moduli space of m-strings. We check this proposal for the known cases, the Taub-NUT and Atiyah-Hitchin spaces for which we find complete agreement. Furthermore, we analyze the modular properties of the M-string free energies, which do not transform covariantly under SL(2,Z). However, for a given number of M-strings, we find that there exists a unique combination of unrefined genus-zero free energies that transforms as a Jacobi form under a congruence subgroup of SL(2,Z). These combinations correspond to summing over different numbers of M5-branes and make sense only if the distances between them are all equal. We explain that this is a necessary condition for the m-string moduli space to be factorizable into relative and center-of-mass parts.

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