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T. Kobayashi

Publications and source records attributed to T. Kobayashi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
arXiv2002

Atmospheric gamma-ray observation with the BETS detectorfor calibrating atmospheric neutrino flux calculations

We observed atmospheric gamma-rays around 10 GeV at balloon altitudes (15~25 km) and at a mountain (2770 m a.s.l). The observed results were compared with Monte Carlo calculations to find that an interaction model (Lund Fritiof1.6) used in an old neutrino flux calculation was not good enough for describing the observed values. In stead, we found that two other nuclear interaction models, Lund Fritiof7.02 and dpmjet3.03, gave much better agreement with the observations. Our data will serve for examining nuclear interaction models and for deriving a reliable absolute atmospheric neutrino flux in the GeV region.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2001

Prospects of Very Long Base-Line Neutrino Oscillation Experiments with the KEK-JAERI High Intensity Proton Accelerator

We study physics potential of Very Long Base-Line (VLBL) Neutrino-Oscillation Experiments with the High Intensity Proton Accelerator (HIPA), which will be completed by the year 2007 in Tokai-village, Japan, as a joint project of KEK and JAERI (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute). The HIPA 50 GeV proton beam will deliver neutrino beams of a few GeV range with the intensity about two orders of magnitude higher than the present KEK beam for K2K experiment. As a sequel to the proposed HIPA-to-Super-Kamiokande experiment, we study impacts of experiments with a 100 kton-level detector and the base-line length of a few-thousand km. The pulsed narrow-band nu_mu beams (NBB) allow us to measure the nu_mu to nu_e transition probability and the nu_mu survival probability through counting experiments at large water-Cerenkov detector. We study sensitivity of such experiments to the neutrino mass hierarchy, the mass-squared differences, the three angles, and one CP phase of the three-generation lepton-flavor-mixing matrix. We find that experiments at a distance between 1,000 and 2,000 km can determine the sign of the larger mass-squared difference (m_3^2-m_1^2) if the mixing between nu_e and nu_3 (the heaviest-or-lightest neutrino) is not too small; 2|U_{e3}|^2(1-|U_{e3}|^2) gsim 0.03. The CP phase can be constrained if the |U_{e3}| element is sufficiently large, 2|U_{e3}|^2(1-|U_{e3}|^2) gsim 0.06, and if the smaller mass-squared difference (m_2^2-m_1^2) and the U_{e2} element are in the prefered range of the large-mixing-angle solution of the solar-neutrino deficit. The magunitude | m_3^2-m_1^2| and the matrix element U_{mu 3} can be precisely measured, but we find little sensitivity to m_2^2-m_1^2 and the matrix element U_{e2}.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2001

Upgrade of Linac Control System with New Vme Controllers at Spring-8

We integrated an injector linac control system to the SPring-8 standard system on September 2000. As a result of this integration, the SPring-8 accelerator complex was controlled by one unified system. Because the linac was continuously running as the electron beam injector not only for the SPring-8 storage ring but also for New SUBARU, we had to minimize the hardware modification to reduce the time for the development and testing of the new control system. The integration method was almost the same as that of the integration of the booster synchrotron. We report here on the integration of the linac control system with emphasis on the upgrade of the VMEbus controllers and software involving the operating system Solaris 7 as the real-time OS.

physics.acc-ph↗
arXiv2001

Quantum Mechanical Description of A Quasi-Sratic Process and An Application to Change of Temperatures

A quasi-static process is realized in a purely quantum-mechanical model which is described by oscillator (or particle) systems having relative-phase interactions. Time development of a mixture of two oscillator (or particle) systems which have different temperatures is investigated in the quantum mechanical framework. We study how they go to a thermal equilibrium. Time dependence of the temperature of the object is numerically studied and the difference of the time dependence between classical objects and quantum objects is clearly pointed out.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2001

Near Muon Range Detector for the K2K Experiment -Construction and Performance-

A muon range detector (MRD) has been constructed as a near detector for the KEK-to-Kamioka long-baseline neutrino experiment (K2K). It monitors the neutrino beam properties at the near site by measuring the energy, angle and production point of muons produced by charged-current neutrino interaction. The detector has been working stably since the start of the K2K experiment.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2001

The JHF-Kamioka neutrino project

The JHF-Kamioka neutrino project is a second generation long base line neutrino oscillation experiment that probes physics beyond the Standard Model by high precision measurements of the neutrino masses and mixing. A high intensity narrow band neutrino beam is produced by secondary pions created by a high intensity proton synchrotron at JHF (JAERI). The neutrino energy is tuned to the oscillation maximum at ~1 GeV for a baseline length of 295 km towards the world largest water Cerenkov detector, Super-Kamiokande. Its excellent energy resolution and particle identification enable the reconstruction of the initial neutrino energy, which is compared with the narrow band neutrino energy, through the quasi-elastic interaction. The physics goal of the first phase is an order of magnitude better precision in the nu_mu to nu_tau oscillation measurement (delta(Delta m_23^2)=10^-4 eV^2 and delta(sin^22theta_23)=0.01), a factor of 20 more sensitive search in the nu_mu to nu_e appearance (sin^22theta_{mu e} ~ 0.5sin^22theta_{13}>0.003), and a confirmation of the nu_mu to nu_tau oscillation or discovery of sterile neutrinos by detecting the neutral current events. In the second phase, an upgrade of the accelerator from 0.75 MW to 4 MW in beam power and the construction of 1 Mt Hyper-Kamiokande detector at Kamioka site are envisaged. Another order of magnitude improvement in the nu_mu to nu_e oscillation sensitivity, a sensitive search of the CP violation in the lepton sector (CP phase "delta" down to 10-20 degrees), and an order of magnitude improvement in the proton decay sensitivity is also expected.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2001

Prospects of Very Long Base-Line Neutrino Oscillation Experiments with the JAERI-KEK High Intensity Proton Accelerator

In this paper, we discuss physics potential of the Very Long Base-Line (VLBL) Neutrino-Oscillation Experiments with the High Intensity Proton Accelerator (HIPA), which is planned to be built by 2006 in Tokaimura, Japan. We propose to use conventional narrow-band ν_μbeams (NBB) from HIPA for observing the ν_μ\to ν_e transition probability and the ν_μsurvival probability. The pulsed NBB allows us to obtain useful information through counting experiments at a huge water-Cherenkov detector which may be placed in our neighbor countries. We study sensitivity of such an experiment to the neutrino mass hierarchy, the mass-squared differences, the mixing angles and the CP phase of the 3\times 3 lepton flavor mixing matrix (MNS matrix). The CP phase can be measured with a 100kt detector if both the mass-squared difference and U_{e3} elements of the MNS matrix are sufficiently large.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2001

The absolute definition of the phase-shift in potential scattering

The variable phase approach to potential scattering with regular spherically symmetric potentials satisfying (\ref{1e}), and studied by Calogero in his book$^{5}$, is revisited, and we show directly that it gives the absolute definition of the phase-shifts, i.e. the one which defines $δ_{\ell}(k)$ as a continuous function of $k$ for all $k \geq 0$, up to infinity, where $δ_{\ell}(\infty)=0$ is automatically satisfied. This removes the usual ambiguity $\pm n π$, $n$ integer, attached to the definition of the phase-shifts through the partial wave scattering amplitudes obtained from the Lippmann-Schwinger integral equation, or via the phase of the Jost functions. It is then shown rigorously, and also on several examples, that this definition of the phase-shifts is very general, and applies as well to all potentials which have a strong repulsive singularity at the origin, for instance those which behave like $gr^{-m}$, $g > 0$, $m \geq 2$, etc. We also give an example of application to the low-energy behaviour of the $S$-wave scattering amplitude in two dimensions, which leads to an interesting result.

math-ph↗
arXiv2000

Restricted flavor structure of soft SUSY breaking trilinear couplings

We analyze the flavor structure of the trilinear couplings in the different theoretical models of SUSY breaking. We generically obtain A_{ij}= A^L_i + A^R_j in all the models examined. In fact, this is the rigorous form when SUSY breaking effects appear through the Kahler metric of chiral fields or through wave-function renormalization. Indeed, the low-energy phenomenological requirements from the absence of charge and color breaking minima and the measurements in flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) observables strongly favor this restricted form of the trilinear matrices. As a straightforward consequence, the number of unknown parameters associated with the trilinear couplings is decreased in a factor of 2.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2000

Measurement of Orthopositronium Decay Rate Using SiO2 Powder: Integration of Thermalization into Time Spectrum

The intrinsic decay rate of orthopositronium (o-Ps) formed in SiO_2 powder was measured using a modified method which determined the time dependence of the pick-off annihilation rate using high-energy-resolution germanium detectors. That is, the main systematic error due to thermalization was accounted for and integrated into the time spectrum fitting procedure. The averaged value was found to be lambda_(o-Ps)=7.0399+0.0020-0.0021(stat.) +-0.0015(sys.) mu s^{-1}, which agrees well with the O(alpha^2) QED prediction; varying 2.8-4.2 experimental standard deviations from other measurements.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2000

Statistical Mechanics for States with Complex Eigenvalues and Quasi-stable Semiclassical Systems

Statistical mechanics for states with complex eigenvalues, which are described by Gel'fand triplet and represent unstable states like resonances, are discussed on the basis of principle of equal ${\it a priori}$ probability. A new entropy corresponding to the freedom for the imaginary eigenvalues appears in the theory. In equilibriums it induces a new physical observable which can be identified as a common time scale. It is remarkable that in spaces with more than 2 dimensions we find out existence of stable and quasi-stable systems, even though all constituents are unstable. In such systems all constituents are connected by stationary flows which are generally observable and then we can say that they are semiclassical systems. Examples for such semiclassical systems are constructed in parabolic potential barriers. The flexible structure of the systems is also pointed out.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2000

Effects of Trilinear Term in Softly Broken N=1 Supersymmetric QCD

Softly broken dual magnetic theory of N=1 supersymmetric SU(N_c) QCD with N_f flavours is investigated with the inclusion of trilinear coupling term of scalar fields in the case of N_f>N_c+1. It is found that the trilinear soft supersymmetric breaking term greatly change the phase and the vacuum structure.

hep-th↗
arXiv1998

Renormalization Group Approach in Newtonian Cosmology

We apply the renormalization group (RG) method to examine the observable scaling properties in Newtonian cosmology. The original scaling properties of the equations of motion in our model are modified for averaged observables on constant time slices. In the RG flow diagram, we find three robust fixed points: Einstein-de Sitter, Milne and Quiescent fixed points. Their stability (or instability) property does not change under the effect of fluctuations. Inspired by the inflationary scenario in the early Universe, we set the Einstein-de Sitter fixed point with small fluctuations, as the boundary condition at the horizon scale. Solving the RG equations under this boundary condition toward the smaller scales, we find generic behavior of observables such that the density parameter $Ω$ decreases, while the Hubble parameter $H$ increases for smaller averaging volume. The quantitative scaling properties are analyzed by calculating the characteristic exponents around each fixed point. Finally we argue the possible fractal structure of the Universe beyond the horizon scale.

gr-qc↗
arXiv1998

Gauge-Yukawa-Finite Unified Theories and their Predictions

Gauge-Yukawa unified theories, and in particular those which are finite beyond the unification scale, have been extended to include a soft supersymmetry breaking (SSB) sector. In the case of the Finite Unified Theories a new solution to the condition of two-loop finiteness of the SSB parameters is found, which requires a sum rule for the relevant scalar masses. The sum rule permits violations of the universality of the scalar masses which is found to lead to phenomenological problems. The minimal supersymmetric SU(5) Gauge-Yukawa model and two Finite-Gauge-Yukawa models have been examined using the sum rule. The characteristic features of these models are: a) the old agreement of the top quark mass prediction persists using the new data, b) the lightest Higgs boson is predicted to be around 120 GeV, c) the s-spectrum starts above 200 GeV.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1997

Quark Mass Matrices in Superstring Models

Four simple but realistic patterns of quark mass matrices are derived from orbifold models of superstring theory in the absence of gauge symmetries. Two of them correspond to the Ramond-Roberts-Ross types, which have five texture zeros in up and down quark sectors. The other two, with four texture zeros, preserve the structural parallelism between up and down sectors. The phenomenological consequences of these mass matrices on flavor mixings and CP violation are analyzed at the weak scale. With the same input values of quark mass ratios, we find that only one or two of the four patterns can be in good agreement with current experimental data.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1997

Constraints on Finite Soft Supersymmetry-Breaking Terms

Requiring the soft supersymmetry-breaking (SSB) parameters in finite gauge-Yukawa unified models to be finite up to and including two-loop order, we derive a two-loop sum rule for the soft scalar-masses. It is shown that this sum rule coincides with that of a certain class of string models in which the massive string states are organized into N=4 supermultiplets. We investigate the SSB sector of two finite SU(5) models. Using the sum rule which allows the non-universality of the SSB terms and requiring that the lightest superparticle particleis neutral, we constrain the parameter space of the SSB sector in each model.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1997

Possible Excess in Charged Current Events with High-Q^2 at HERA from Stop and Sbottom Production

We investigate a production process $e^+p \to \st X \to \sb W^+ X$ at HERA, where we consider a decay mode $\sb \to \barν_e d$ of the sbottom in the framework of an R-parity breaking supersymmetric standard model. Both processes of the stop production $e^+ d \to \st$ and the sbottom decay $\sb \to \barν_e d$ are originated from an R-parity breaking superpotential $λ'_{131} \hat{L}_1 \hat{Q}_3 \hat{D^c}_1$. One of signatures of the process should be a large missing transverse momentum plus multijet events corresponding to hadronic decays of the $W$. It is shown that the signal could appear as an event excess in the charged current (CC) processes $e^+p \to νX$ with the high $Q^2$ at HERA. We compare expected event distributions with the CC data recently reported by the H1 and ZEUS groups at HERA. Methods for extracting the signal from the standard CC processes are also discussed.

hep-ph↗