arXiv subjects

T. Yokoya

Publications and source records attributed to T. Yokoya.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2005

Bulk screening in core level photoemission from Mott-Hubbard and Charge-Transfer systems

We report bulk-sensitive hard X-ray ($hν$ = 5.95 KeV) core level photoemission spectroscopy (PES) of single crystal V$_{1.98}$Cr$_{0.02}$O$_{3}$ and the high-$T_c$ cuprate Bi$_2$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$ (Bi2212). V$_{1.98}$Cr$_{0.02}$O$_{3}$ exhibits low binding energy "satellites" to the V $2p$ "main lines" in the metallic phase, which are suppressed in the antiferromagnetic insulator phase. In contrast, the Cu $2p$ spectra of Bi2212 do not show temperature dependent features, but a comparison with soft X-ray PES indicates a large increase in the $2p^5 3d^9$ "satellites" or $3d^9$ weight in the bulk. Cluster model calculations, including full multiplet structure and a screening channel derived from the coherent band at the Fermi energy, give very satisfactory agreement with experiments.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

Carbon-substitution dependent multiple superconducting gap of MgB$_{2}$: a "sub-meV" resolution photoemission study

``Sub-meV'' resolution photoemission spectroscopy was used to study carbon-substitution dependence on the multiple superconducting gap of Mg(B$_{1 - x}$C$_{x})_{2}$. Two features corresponding to $σ$ and $π$ gaps are clearly observed in the raw spectra up to carbon concentration x = 7.5 {%}. The observed x dependence of the two gaps shows a qualitatively different behavior: a marked change of the $σ$ gap proportional to the $T_{c}$ variation and a negligible one of the $π$ gap. This as well as the temperature dependence can be explained with the two-band mean-field theory. Implications from the present study are discussed.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2004

Laser-excited ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy of NaxCoO2.yH2O:Evidence for pseudogap formation

We have studied the temperature-dependent electronic structure near the Fermi level (EF) of the layered cobaltate superconductor, Na0.35CoO2.1.3H2O, and related materials, using laser-excited ultrahigh-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. We observe the formation of a pseudogap with an energy scale of ~ 20 meV in Na0.35CoO2.1.3H2O and Na0.35CoO2.0.7H2O, which is clearly absent in Na0.7CoO2. The energy scale of the pseudogap is larger than the expected value for the superconducting gap, suggesting an additional competing order parameter at low temperatures. We discuss implications of the pseudogap in relation to available transport and magnetic susceptibility results.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2004

Bulk Electronic structure of Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_{2}$.1.3H$_{2}$O

High-energy (h$ν$ = 5.95 keV) synchrotron Photoemission spectroscopy (PES) is used to study bulk electronic structure of Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_{2}$.1.3H$_{2}$O, the layered superconductor. In contrast to 3-dimensional doped Co oxides, Co $\it{2p}$ core level spectra show well-separated Co$^{3+}$ and Co$^{4+}$ ions. Cluster calculations suggest low spin Co$^{3+}$ and Co$^{4+}$ character, and a moderate on-site Coulomb correlation energy U$_{dd}\sim$3-5.5 eV. Photon dependent valence band PES identifies Co $\it{3d}$ and O $\it{2p}$ derived states, in near agreement with band structure calculations.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2003

Definitive experimental evidence for two-band superconductivity in MgB2

The superconducting gap of MgB2 has been studied by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The momentum(k)-resolving capability of ARPES enables us to identify the s- and p-orbital derived bands predicted from band structure calculations and to successfully measure the superconducting gap on each band. The results show that superconducting gaps with values of 5.5 meV and 2.2 meV open on the s-band and the p-band, respectively, but both the gaps close at the bulk transition temperature, providing a definitive experimental evidence for the two-band superconductivity in MgB2. The experiments validate the role of k-dependent electron-phonon coupling as the origin of multiple-gap superconductivity in MgB2.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2001

Electron-phonon coupling induced pseudogap and the superconducting transition in Ba0.67K0.33BiO3

We study the single particle density of states (DOS) across the superconducting transition (Tc = 31 K) in single-crystal Ba0.67K0.33BiO3 using ultrahigh resolution angle-integrated photoemission spectroscopy. The superconducting gap opens with a pile-up in the DOS, Delta(5.3 K) = 5.2 meV and 2Delta(0)/kBTc = 3.9. In addition, we observe a pseudogap below and above Tc, occurring as a suppression in intensity over an energy scale up to the breathing mode phonon(~ 70 meV). The results indicate electron-phonon coupling induces a pseudogap in Ba0.67K0.33BiO3.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2001

Direct evidence for a multiple superconducting gap in MgB2 from high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy

We study the new binary intermetallic superconductor MgB2 using high-resolution photo-emission spectroscopy. The superconducting-state spectrum measured at 5.4 K shows a coherent peak with a shoulder structure, in sharp contrast to that expected from a simple isotropic-gap opening. The spectrum can be well reproduced using the weighted sum of two Dynes functions with the gap sizes of 1.7 and 5.6 meV. Temperature-dependent study shows that both gaps close at the bulk transition temperature. These results provide spectroscopic evidence for a multiple gap of MgB2.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2001

On the determination of the Fermi surface in high-Tc superconductors by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

We study the normal state electronic excitations probed by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) in Bi2201 and Bi2212. Our main goal is to establish explicit criteria for determining the Fermi surface from ARPES data on strongly interacting systems where sharply defined quasiparticles do not exist and the dispersion is very weak in parts of the Brillouin zone. Additional complications arise from strong matrix element variations within the zone. We present detailed results as a function of incident photon energy, and show simple experimental tests to distinguish between an intensity drop due to matrix element effects and spectral weight loss due to a Fermi crossing. We reiterate the use of polarization selection rules in disentangling the effect of umklapps due to the BiO superlattice in Bi2212. We conclude that, despite all the complications, the Fermi surface can be determined unambiguously: it is a single large hole barrel centered about (pi,pi) in both materials.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1999

Electronic Spectra and Their Relation to the (pi,pi) Collective Mode in High-Tc Superconductors

Photoemission spectra of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 reveal that the high energy feature near (pi,0), the "hump", scales with the superconducting gap and persists above Tc in the pseudogap phase. As the doping decreases, the dispersion of the hump increasingly reflects the wavevector (pi,pi) characteristic of the undoped insulator, despite the presence of a large Fermi surface. This can be understood from the interaction of the electrons with a collective mode, supported by our observation that the doping dependence of the resonance observed by neutron scattering is the same as that inferred from our data.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1999

Superconducting Gap Anisotropy and Quasiparticle Interactions: a Doping Dependent ARPES Study

Comparing ARPES measurements on Bi2212 with penetration depth data, we show that a description of the nodal excitations of the d-wave superconducting state in terms of non-interacting quasiparticles is inadequate, and we estimate the magnitude and doping dependence of the Landau interaction parameter which renormalizes the linear T contribution to the superfluid density. Furthermore, although consistent with d-wave symmetry, the gap with underdoping cannot be fit by the simple coskx-cosky form, which suggests an increasing importance of long range interactions as the insulator is approached.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1998

Temperature-induced spectral weight transfer in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+delta}: a conventional view

In contrast with the recent photoemission observations by Shen et al. of anomalous temperature-induced momentum-dependent spectral weight transfer in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+delta}, we find that in the same material, in spite of the unusual spectral lineshape change between superconducting and normal states, the integrated spectral weight displays minimum variation as a function of temperature, which is in agreement with the sum rule of angle-resolved photoemission: the integrated spectral weight is proportional to the momentum density, n(k).

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1997

Destruction of the Fermi Surface in Underdoped High Tc Superconductors

The Fermi surface is a central concept in the theory of metals. Even though the optimally doped high temperature superconductors exhibit an anomalous normal state, angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has revealed a large Fermi surface despite the absence of well-defined quasiparticles and the necessity of working at finite temperatures. However, the even more unusual behavior in the underdoped high temperature superconductors, which show a pseudogap above Tc, requires us to carefully re-examine this concept. Here, we present the first results on how the Fermi surface is destroyed as a function of temperature in underdoped Bi2212 using ARPES. We find the remarkable effect that different k points become gapped at different temperatures. This leads to a break up of the Fermi surface at a temperature T* into disconnected Fermi arcs which shrink with decreasing T, eventually collapsing to the point nodes of the dx2-y2 superconducting ground state below Tc. This novel behavior, where the Fermi surface does not form a continuous contour in momentum space, is unprecedented in that it occurs in the absence of long range order. Moreover, although the d-wave superconducting gap below Tc smoothly evolves into the pseudogap above Tc, the gaps at different k points are not related to one another above Tc the same way as they are below, implying an intimate, but non-trivial relation, between the two.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1997

ARPES study of the superconducting gap and pseudogap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x

In this paper, we review some of our ARPES results on the superconducting and pseudo gaps in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x. We find that optimally and overdoped samples exhibit a d-wave gap, which closes at the same temperature, Tc, for all k points. In underdoped samples, a leading edge gap is found up to a temperature T* > Tc. We find that T* scales with the maximum low temperature gap, increasing as the doping is reduced. The momentum dependence of the pseudogap is similar to that of the superconducting gap; however, the pseudogap closes at different temperatures for different k points.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1997

Bosonic Mode Mixing in the Superconducting State Spectral Function of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+delta}

Photoemission spectra of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+delta} below T_c show two features near the (pi,0) point of the zone: a sharp peak at low energy and a higher binding energy hump. We find that the sharp peak persists at low energy even as one moves towards (0,0), while the broad hump shows significant dispersion which correlates well with the normal state dispersion. We argue that these features are naturally explained by the mixing of electrons with a bosonic mode which appears only below T_c, and speculate that the latter may be related to the resonance seen in recent neutron data.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1996

Evolution of the Fermi surface with carrier concentration in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}

We show, by use of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, that underdoped Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ} appears to have a large Fermi surface centered at (π,π), even for samples with a T_c as low as 15 K. No clear evidence of a Fermi surface pocket around (π/2,π/2) has been found. These conclusions are based on a determination of the minimum gap locus in the pseudogap regime T_c < T < T^*, which is found to coincide with the locus of gapless excitations in momentum space (Fermi surface) determined above T^*. These results suggest that the pseudogap is more likely of precursor pairing rather than magnetic origin.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv1996

ARPES Study of the Superconducting Gap Anisotropy in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8+x

We report measurements of the momentum dependence of the superconducting gap in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+x} (Bi2212) with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using a dense sampling of the Brillouin zone in the vicinity of the Fermi surface. In the Y quadrant of the zone, where there are no complications from ghost bands caused by the superlattice, we find a gap function consistent within error bars to the form cos(k_x)-cos(k_y) expected for a d-wave order parameter. Similar results are found in the X quadrant with the photon polarization chosen to enhance main band emission over that due to ghost bands.

cond-mat↗

arXiv1996

Direct observation of particle-hole mixing in the superconducting state by angle-resolved photoemission

Particle-hole (p-h) mixing is a fundamental consequence of the existence of a pair condensate. We present direct experimental evidence for p-h mixing in the angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) spectra in the superconducting state of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}. In addition to its pedagogical importance, this establishes unambiguously that the gap observed in ARPES is associated with superconductivity.

cond-mat↗

arXiv1995

Electronic excitations in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$ : Fermi surface, dispersion, and absence of bilayer splitting

From a detailed study, including polarization dependence, of the normal state angle-resolved photoemission spectra for Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$, we find only one CuO$_2$ band related feature. All other spectral features can be ascribed either to umklapps from the superlattice or to ``shadow bands''. Even though the dispersion of the peaks looks like band theory, the lineshape is anomalously broad and no evidence is found for bilayer splitting. We argue that the ``dip feature'' in the spectrum below $T_c$ arises not from bilayer splitting, but rather from many body effects.

cond-mat↗