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Taras Banakh

Publications and source records attributed to Taras Banakh.

261 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
arXiv2009

Fermat's spiral and the line between Yin and Yang

Let $D$ denote a disk of unit area. We call a subset $A$ of $D$ perfect if it has measure 1/2 and, with respect to any axial symmetry of $D$, the maximal symmetric subset of $A$ has measure 1/4. We call a curve $β$ in $D$ an yin-yang line if $β$ splits $D$ into two congruent perfect sets, $β$ crosses each concentric circle of $D$ twice, $β$ crosses each radius of $D$ once. We prove that Fermat's spiral is a unique yin-yang line in the class of smooth curves algebraic in polar coordinates.

math.CO↗
arXiv2008

Openly factorizable spaces and compact extensions of topological semigroups

We prove that the semigroup operation of a topological semigroup $S$ extends to a continuous semigroup operation on its the Stone-Čech compactification $βS$ provided $S$ is a pseudocompact openly factorizable space, which means that each map $f:S\to Y$ to a second countable space $Y$ can be written as the composition $f=g\circ p$ of an open map $p:X\to Z$ onto a second countable space $Z$ and a map $g:Z\to Y$. We present a spectral characterization of openly factorizable spaces and establish some properties of such spaces.

math.GN↗
arXiv2008

Packing index of subsets in Polish groups

For a subset $A$ of a Polish group $G$, we study the (almost) packing index $\ind_P(A)$ (resp. $\Ind_P(A)$) of $A$, equal to the supremum of cardinalities $|S|$ of subsets $S\subset G$ such that the family of shifts $\{xA\}_{x\in S}$ is (almost) disjoint (in the sense that $|xA\cap yA|<|A|$ for any distinct points $x,y\in S$). Subsets $A\subset G$ with small (almost) packing index are small in a geometric sense. We show that $\ind_P(A)\in \IN\cup\{\aleph_0,\cc\}$ for any $σ$-compact subset $A$ of a Polish group. If $A\subset G$ is Borel, then the packing indices $\ind_P(A)$ and $\Ind_P(A)$ cannot take values in the half-interval $[\sq(Π^1_1),\cc)$ where $\sq(Π^1_1)$ is a certain uncountable cardinal that is smaller than $\cc$ in some models of ZFC. In each non-discrete Polish Abelian group $G$ we construct two closed subsets $A,B\subset G$ with $\ind_P(A)=\ind_P(B)=\cc$ and $\Ind_P(A\cup B)=1$ and then apply this result to show that $G$ contains a nowhere dense Haar null subset $C\subset G$ with $\ind_P(C)=\Ind_P(C)=κ$ for any given cardinal number $κ\in[4,\cc]$.

math.GN↗
arXiv2008

Fréchet-Urysohn fans in free topological groups

In this paper we answer the question of T. Banakh and M. Zarichnyi constructing a copy of the Fréchet-Urysohn fan $S_\w$ in a topological group $G$ admitting a functorial embedding $[0,1]\subset G$. The latter means that each autohomeomorphism of $[0,1]$ extends to a continuous homomorphism of $G$. This implies that many natural free topological group constructions (e.g. the constructions of the Markov free topological group, free abelian topological group, free totally bounded group, free compact group) applied to a Tychonov space $X$ containing a topological copy of the space $\IQ$ of rationals give topological groups containing $S_\w$.

math.GN↗
arXiv2008

Algebra in superextension of groups, II: cancelativity and centers

Given a countable group $X$ we study the algebraic structure of its superextension $λ(X)$. This is a right-topological semigroup consisting of all maximal linked systems on $X$ endowed with the operation $$\mathcal A\circ\mathcal B=\{C\subset X:\{x\in X:x^{-1}C\in\mathcal B\}\in\mathcal A\}$$ that extends the group operation of $X$. We show that the subsemigroup $λ^\circ(X)$ of free maximal linked systems contains an open dense subset of right cancelable elements. Also we prove that the topological center of $λ(X)$ coincides with the subsemigroup $λ^\bullet(X)$ of all maximal linked systems with finite support. This result is applied to show that the algebraic center of $λ(X)$ coincides with the algebraic center of $X$ provided $X$ is countably infinite. On the other hand, for finite groups $X$ of order $3\le|X|\le5$ the algebraic center of $λ(X)$ is strictly larger than the algebraic center of $X$.

math.GN↗
arXiv2008

Approximation by light maps and parametric Lelek maps

The class of metrizable spaces $M$ with the following approximation property is introduced and investigated: $M\in AP(n,0)$ if for every $\e>0$ and a map $g\colon\I^n\to M$ there exists a 0-dimensional map $g'\colon\I^n\to M$ which is $\e$-homotopic to $g$. It is shown that this class has very nice properties. For example, if $M_i\in AP(n_i,0)$, $i=1,2$, then $M_1\times M_2\in AP(n_1+n_2,0)$. Moreover, $M\in AP(n,0)$ if and only if each point of $M$ has a local base of neighborhoods $U$ with $U\in AP(n,0)$. Using the properties of AP(n,0)-spaces, we generalize some results of Levin and Kato-Matsuhashi concerning the existence of residual sets of $n$-dimensional Lelek maps.

math.GT↗
arXiv2008

The coarse classification of homogeneous ultra-metric spaces

We prove that two homogeneous ultra-metric spaces $X,Y$ are coarsely equivalent if and only if $\mathrm{Ent}^\sharp(X)=\mathrm{Ent}^\sharp(Y)$ where $\mathrm{Ent}^\sharp(X)$ is the so-called sharp entropy of $X$. This classification implies that each homogeneous proper ultra-metric space is coarsely equivalent to the anti-Cantor set $2^{<ω}$. For the proof of these results we develop a technique of towers which can have an independent interest.

math.GT↗
arXiv2007

Spaces of continuous functions over Dugundji compacta

We show that for every Dugundji compact $K$ of weight aleph one the Banach space $C(K)$ is 1-Plichko and the space $P(K)$ of probability measures on $K$ is Valdivia compact. Combining this result with the existence of a non-Valdivia compact group, we answer a question of Kalenda.

math.FA↗