arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Tomoki Nosaka.
We find matching pairs of the line defect indices for 3d supersymmetric Abelian gauge theories as strong evidence of dualities of the BPS line operators. They lead to novel duality maps of the BPS line operators for $\mathcal{N}\ge 4$ supersymmetric circular and linear quiver gauge theories which can be realized as brane configurations in Type IIB string theory, including SQED, ADHM and ABJM theories.
In this paper we investigate the finite $N$ exact values of the $S^3$ partition function of the ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory with one adjoint hypermultiplet and $N_\text{f}$ fundamental hypermultiplets, which describes $N$ M2-branes on $\mathbb{C}^2\times \mathbb{C}^2/\mathbb{Z}_{N_\text{f}}$, with mass and FI deformations. We claim that the grand canonical sum of the partition function obeys a bilinear difference relation with respect to the shifts of the mass parameters of the fundamental hypermultiplets, which results in a new recursion relation for the partition function with respect to $N$. As an application, we also determine the analytic expression for the leading $1/N$ non-perturbative correction to the free energy of these models, which would correspond holographically to the contribution from an M2-brane wrapped on a 3d volume in the internal space of $\text{AdS}_4\times S^7/\mathbb{Z}_{N_\text{f}}$.
In this work, we revisit the exact computation of the round sphere partition function of 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ circular quiver Chern-Simons theories with mass and Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) deformations. Utilizing the Fermi gas formalism, we derive the large $N$ expansion of the partition function and determine the Airy function structure, parameterized by three functions $C$, $B$ and $A$. We propose a novel closed-form expression for $A$ that incorporates the effects of FI parameters and satisfies various consistency constraints from quiver reductions. As an application, by using an accidental coincidence of the Fermi gas density matrices we extend our results to the squashed sphere partition function of $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theories with an adjoint hypermultiplet and multiple fundamental hypermultiplets. Our findings provide further evidence for the universality of the Airy function structure in supersymmetric gauge theories of multiple M2-branes.
We examine the giant graviton expansions of the Higgs indices for the 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ $U(N)$ ADHM theories with $l$ fundamental hypermultiplets. The indices for the M5-brane giant gravitons of wrapping number $m$ appearing in the expansions consist of the contributions that generalize the characters of the W-algebra $\mathcal{W}(\mathfrak{gl}(m))$ and those which realize the characters of the affine Kac-Moody algebras of type $A_{l-1}$. Also we confirm that the inverse giant graviton expansions of the resulting M5-brane indices consistently reproduce the Higgs indices.
In this paper we study the partition function of the mass deformed ABJM theory on a squashed three sphere. In particular, we focus on the case with the Chern-Simons levels being $\pm 1$ and apply a duality between this theory and the $\mathcal{N}=4$ $\mathrm{U}\left(N\right)$ super Yang-Mills theory with an adjoint hypermultiplet and a fundamental hypermultiplet. For a special mass parameter depending on the squashing parameter, we find that the partition function can be written as that of an ideal Fermi gas with a non-trivial density matrix. By studying this density matrix, we analytically derive the all order perturbative expansion of the partition function in $1/N$, which turns out to take the form of the Airy function. Our results not only align with previous findings and conjectures but also lead to a new formula for the overall constant factor of the partition function. We also study the exact values of the partition function for small but finite values of $N$.
We examine the giant graviton expansions of the Coulomb and Higgs indices for the M2-brane SCFTs to find the closed-form expressions for the indices that encode the spectra of the $1/4$-BPS M5-brane giant gravitons and the $1/3$-BPS orbifold M5-brane giant gravitons. Consequently, we get exact forms of the twisted indices for the 6d $(2,0)$ theories describing a stack of $N$ M5-branes which generalize the unrefined indices. We confirm that they are also beautifully expanded with respect to the indices for the M2-brane giant gravitons which are obtained from the Coulomb and Higgs indices for the M2-brane SCFTs upon the change of variables.
The Coulomb and Higgs indices of the 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ $U(N)$ ADHM theories can be decorated by line defect operators as the line defect correlators. We obtain exact closed-form expressions and various non-trivial algebraic relations for the correlators of the Wilson lines in the fundamental and (anti)symmetric representations by means of the Hall-Littlewood expansion, the Fermi-gas method and the residue calculation. From the large $N$ limit of the correlators we obtain the single particle gravity indices which are expected to encode the spectra of fluctuation modes on the gravity duals of line operators in M2-brane SCFTs.
Partially motivated by the fact that the grand partition function of the ABJM theory or its generalization is expressed by a spectral operator enjoying symmetries of the Weyl group, it was found that the grand partition function satisfies the q-Painleve equation, which is constructed from the affine Weyl group. In this paper we clarify the affine symmetries of the grand partition function. With the affine symmetries, we find that the grand partition function extends naturally outside the fundamental domain of duality cascades and once the Painleve equation holds in the fundamental domain, so does it outside.
We construct the Fermi gas formalism for the partition function of supersymmetric Chern-Simons theories with affine $D$-type quiver diagrams with non-uniform ranks of the gauge groups and Fayet-Illiopoulos parameters by two different approaches: the open string formalism and the closed string formalism. In the closed string formalism approach, we find a novel connection between the partition function of this theory and the partition function of a four-nodes circular quiver supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory. We also studied a symmetry of a density matrix appeared in the closed string formalism. We further calculate the exact values of the partition function for finite $N$, with which we identified the exponent of the leading non-perturbative effect in $1/N$ corresponding to the worldsheet instantons in the circular quiver supersymmetric Chern-Simons theories.
We study the asymptotic growth of the degeneracy of the BPS local operators with scaling dimension $n/2$ in the three-dimensional superconformal field theories describing $N$ M2-branes. From the large $N$ supersymmetric indices we obtain the asymptotic formulas for degeneracies of the M2-brane SCFTs according to the Meinardus theorem. We observe an intriguing universal $n^{2/3}$ growth of the degeneracies in various theories of M2-brane SCFTs. We also determine the coefficients of $n^{2/3}$ growth as well as further corrections in these theories explicitly.
We find new bilinear relations for the partition functions of U(N)_k x U(N+M)_{-k} ABJ theory with two parameter mass deformation (m_1,m_2), which generalize the q-Toda-like equation found previously for m_1=m_2. By combining the bilinear relations with the Seiberg-like dualities and the duality cascade relations, we can determine the exact values of the partition functions recursively with respect to N. This method is more efficient than the exact calculation by the standard TBA-like approach in the Fermi gas formalism. As an application we study the large N asymptotics of the partition function with the mass parameters in the supercritical regime where the large N expansion obtained for small mass parameters is invalid.
We investigate partition functions of the circular-quiver supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory which corresponds to the q-deformed Painleve VI equation. From the partition functions with the lowest rank vanishing, where the circular quiver reduces to a linear one, we find 40 bilinear relations. The bilinear relations extend naturally to higher ranks if we regard these partition functions as those in the lowest order of the grand canonical partition functions in the fugacity. Furthermore, we show that these bilinear relations are a powerful tool to determine some unknown partition functions. We also elaborate the relation with some previous works on q-Painleve equations.
We study the effect of spatial inhomogeneity on quantum information scrambling, a process of spreading and locally hiding quantum information in quantum many-body systems. As a paradigmatic example, we consider the quantum chaotic Ising spin chain and its inhomogeneous counterpart that is obtained by modulating the Hamiltonian density. Specifically, we consider the so-called Möbius and sine-square deformations that were previously studied in the context of (1+1)-dimensional conformal field theories ($1+1$ d CFTs). In the spatial region where the modulated energy density is small, these deformations prevent the spreading of quantum information while in the region where the modulated energy density is large quantum information scrambling is accelerated. This suggests that we can control the scrambling and butterfly effect by spatially modulating the Hamiltonian density. We also found that the time dependence of energy density exhibits the signature of black-hole-like excitation found in the $1+1$ d CFTs even in the chaotic spin chain.
In this paper we study the phase structure of two Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models (L-system and R-system) coupled by a simple interaction, with imperfectly correlated disorder. When the disorder of the two systems are perfectly correlated, $J_{i_1\cdots i_q}^{(L)}=J_{i_1\cdots i_q}^{(R)}$, this model is known to exhibit a phase transition at a finite temperature between the two-black hole phase at high-temperature and the traversable wormhole phase at low temperature. We find that, as the correlation $\langle J_{i_1\cdots i_q}^{(L)} J_{i_1\cdots i_q}^{(R)}\rangle$ is decreased, the critical temperature becomes lower. At the same time, the transmission between L-system and R-system in the low-temperature phase becomes more suppressed, while the chaos exponent of the whole system becomes larger. Interestingly we also observe that when the correlation is smaller than some q-dependent critical value the phase transition completely disappears in the entire parameter space. At zero temperature, the energy gap becomes larger as we decrease the correlation. We also use a generalized thermofield double state as a variational state. Interestingly, this state coincide with the ground state in the large q limit.
In this paper we investigate a novel connection between the effective theory of M2-branes on $(\mathbb{C}^2/\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{C}^2/\mathbb{Z}_2)/\mathbb{Z}_k$ and the $\mathfrak{q}$-deformed Painlevé equations, by proposing that the grand canonical partition function of the corresponding four-nodes circular quiver $\mathcal{N}=4$ Chern-Simons matter theory solves the $\mathfrak{q}$-Painlevé VI equation. We analyse how this describes the moduli space of the topological string on local $\text{dP}_5$ and, via geometric engineering, five dimensional $N_f=4$ $\text{SU}(2)$ $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauge theory on a circle. The results we find extend the known relation between ABJM theory, $\mathfrak{q}$-Painlevé $\text{III}_3$, and topological strings on local ${\mathbb P}^1\times{\mathbb P}^1$. From the mathematical viewpoint the quiver Chern-Simons theory provides a conjectural Fredholm determinant realisation of the $\mathfrak{q}$-Painlevé VI $τ$-function. We provide evidence for this proposal by analytic and numerical checks and discuss in detail the successive decoupling limits down to $N_f=0$, corresponding to $\mathfrak{q}$-Painlevé$\,\,$III${}_3$.
We study various conjectural dual descriptions of a stack of M2-branes in M-theory including ADHM, ABJ(M), BLG, discrete gauge theories and quiver Chern-Simons (CS) theories and propose several new dualities of the M2-brane SCFTs by analyzing flavored supersymmetric indices in detail. The mapping of local operators, Coulomb, Higgs and mixed branch operators as well as global symmetries under the dualities are obtained from the precise matching of the indices. Furthermore, we find closed form expressions for the Coulomb limit of the indices of the $U(N)$ ADHM theory and the dual quiver CS theory for arbitrary $N$ and propose a refined generating function for plane partitions with trace $N$. For the quiver CS theories we also find an infinite-sum expression for the Higgs limit of the indices which is more useful than the original expression.
There is a property of a quantum state called magic. It measures how difficult for a classical computer to simulate the state. In this paper, we study magic of states in the integrable and chaotic regimes of the higher-spin generalization of the Ising model through two quantities called "Mana" and "Robustness of Magic" (RoM). We find that in the chaotic regime, Mana increases monotonically in time in the early-time region, and at late times these quantities oscillate around some non-zero value that increases linearly with respect to the system size. Our result also suggests that under chaotic dynamics, any state evolves to a state whose Mana almost saturates the optimal upper bound, i.e., the state becomes "maximally magical." We find that RoM also shows similar behaviors. On the other hand, in the integrable regime, Mana and RoM behave periodically in time in contrast to the chaotic case. In the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence (AdS/CFT correspondence), classical spacetime emerges from the chaotic nature of the dual quantum system. Our result suggests that magic of quantum states is strongly involved behind the emergence of spacetime geometry.
It is known that the partition functions of the U(N) x U(N+M) ABJM theory satisfy a set of bilinear relations, which, written in the grand partition function, was recently found to be the q-Painleve III_3 equation. In this paper we have suggested a similar bilinear relation holds for the ABJM theory with N=6 preserving mass deformation for an arbitrary complex value of mass parameter, to which we have provided several non-trivial checks by using the exact values of the partition functions for various N,k,M and the mass parameter. For particular choices of the mass parameters labeled by integers $ν,a$ as $m_1=m_2=-πi(ν-2a)/ν$, the bilinear relation corresponds to the q-deformation of the affine SU($ν$) Toda equation in $τ$-form.