arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Tonghai Yang.
We construct Gaussian test functions for the general linear side of the Jacquet-Rallis relative trace formula comparison. These are functions which are defined in terms of their orbital integrals and transfer to the compact unitary group. Our construction relies on the formalism of Kudla-Millson and simple geometric properties of symmetric spaces. In particular, it also provides an explicit formula in terms of the Howe operator.
Yui and Zagier made some fascinating conjectures on the factorization on the norm of the difference of Weber class invariants $ f(\mathfrak a_1) - f(\mathfrak a_2)$ based on their calculation in \cite{YZ}. Here $\mathfrak a_i$ belong two diferent ideal classes of discrimants $D_i$ in imagainary quadratic fields $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D_i})$. In \cite{LY}, we proved these conjectures and their generalizations when $(D_1, D_2) =1$ using the so-called big CM value formula of Borcherds lifting. In this sequel, we prove the conjectures when $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D_1}) =\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D_2})$ using the so-called small CM value formula. In addition, we give a precise factorization formula for the resultant of two different Weber class invariant polynomials for distinct orders.
Associated to an algebraic curve $X$, there are two canonically constructed homologically trivial algebraic $1$-cycles, the Ceresa cycle in the Jacobian of $X$, and the Gross-Kudla-Schoen modified diagonal cycle in the triple product $X \times X \times X$. By a result of Shou-Wu Zhang, one is torsion if and only if the other is. In this paper, we prove that these two cycles associated to a large family of modular curves are non-torsion in the corresponding Chow groups. We obtain the result by relating this problem to the study of special cycles on orthogonal Shimura varieties. As the main ingredient and a result of independent interest, we develop a pullback formula for special divisors on modular curves embedded in their products via the diagonal map.
This paper is a complement of the modularity result of Bruinier, Howard, Kudla, Rapoport and Yang (BHKRY) for the special case $U(1,1)$ not considered there. The main idea to embed a $U(1, 1)$ Shimura curve to many $U(n-1, 1)$ Shimura varieties for big $n$, and prove a precise pullback formula of the generating series of arithmetic divisors. Afterwards, we use the modularity result of BHKRY together with existence of non-vanishing of classical theta series at any given point in the upper half plane to prove the modulartiy result on $U(1, 1)$ Shimura curves.
We prove the Kudla--Rapoport conjecture for Kr\"amer models of unitary Rapoport--Zink spaces at ramified places. It is a precise identity between arithmetic intersection numbers of special cycles on Kr\"amer models and modified derived local densities of hermitian forms. As an application, we relax the local assumptions at ramified places in the arithmetic Siegel--Weil formula for unitary Shimura varieties, which is in particular applicable to unitary Shimura vartieties associated to unimodular hermitian lattices over imaginary quadratic fields.
In this paper, we propose a modified Kudla-Rapoport conjecture for the Kr\"amer model of unitary Rapoport-Zink space at a ramified prime, which is a precise identity relating intersection numbers of special cycles to derivatives of Hermitian local density polynomials. We also introduce the notion of special difference cycles, which has surprisingly simple description. Combining this with induction formulas of Hermitian local density polynomials, we prove the modified Kudla-Rapoport conjecture when $n=3$. Our conjecture, combining with known results at inert and infinite primes, implies arithmetic Siegel-Weil formula for all non-singular coefficients when the level structure of the corresponding unitary Shimura variety is defined by a self-dual lattice.
We define a family of arithmetic zero cycles in the arithmetic Chow group of a modular curve X_0(N), for N>3 odd and squarefree, and identify the arithmetic degrees of these cycles as q-coefficients of the central derivative of a Siegel Eisenstein series of genus two. This parallels work of Kudla-Rapoport-Yang for Shimura curves.
In this paper, we complete the proof of the conjecture of Gross and Zagier concerning algebraicity of higher Green functions at a single CM point on the product of modular curves. The new ingredient is an analogue of the incoherent Eisenstein series over a real quadratic field, which is constructed as the Doi-Naganuma theta lift of a deformed theta integral on hyperbolic space.
In this paper, we proved a local arithmetic Siegel-Weil formula for a $U(1, 1)$-Shimura variety at a ramified prime, a.k.a. a Kudla-Rapoport conjecture at a ramified case. The formula needs to be modified from the original Kudla-Rapoport conjecture. In the process, we also gives an explicit decomposition of the special divisors of the Rapoport-Zink space of unitary type $(1, 1)$ (Kr\"amer model). A key ingredient is to relate the Rapoport-Zink space to the Drinfeld upper plane.
Gross and Zagier conjectured that the CM values (of certain Hecke translates) of the automorphic Green function $G_s(z_1,z_2)$ for the elliptic modular group at positive integral spectral parameter $s$ are given by logarithms of algebraic numbers in suitable class fields. We prove a partial average version of this conjecture, where we sum in the first variable $z_1$ over all CM points of a fixed discriminant $d_1$ (twisted by a genus character), and allow in the second variable the evaluation at individual CM points of discriminant $d_2$. This result is deduced from more general statements for automorphic Green functions on Shimura varieties associated with the group $\mathrm{GSpin}(n,2)$. We also use our approach to prove a Gross-Kohnen-Zagier theorem for higher Heegner divisors on Kuga-Sato varieties over modular curves.
In this paper, we prove the conjecture of Yui and Zagier concerning the factorization of the resultants of minimal polynomials of Weber class invariants. The novelty of our approach is to systematically express differences of certain Weber functions as products of Borcherds products.
In the paper, we show that $\lambda(z_1) -\lambda(z_2)$, $\lambda(z_1)$ and $1-\lambda(z_1)$ are all Borcherds products in $X(2) \times X(2)$. We then use the big CM value formula of Bruinier, Kudla, and Yang to give explicit factorization formulas for the norms of $\lambda(\frac{d+\sqrt d}2)$, $1-\lambda(\frac{d+\sqrt d}2)$, and $\lambda(\frac{d_1+\sqrt{d_1}}2) -\lambda(\frac{d_2+\sqrt{d_2}}2)$, with the latter under the condition $(d_1, d_2)=1$. Finally, we use these results to show that $\lambda(\frac{d+\sqrt d}2)$ is always an algebraic integer and can be easily used to construct units in the ray class field of $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d})$ of modulus $2$. In the process, we also give explicit formulas for a whole family of local Whittaker functions, which are of independent interest.
Let V be a rational quadratic space of signature (m,2). A conjecture of Kudla relates the arithmetic degrees of top degree special cycles on an integral model of a Shimura variety associated with SO(V) to the coefficients of the central derivative of an incoherent Siegel Eisenstein series of genus m+1. We prove this conjecture for the coefficients of non-singular index T when T is not positive definite. We also prove it when T is positive definite and the corresponding special cycle has dimension 0. To obtain these results, we establish new local arithmetic Siegel-Weil formulas at the archimedean and non-archimedian places.
In this paper, we study twisted arithmetic divisors on the modular curve X_0(N) with N square-free. For each pair (\Delta, r) where \Delta >0 and \Delta \equiv r^2 \mod 4N, we constructed a twisted arithmetic theta function \phi_{\Delta, r}(\tau) which is a generating function of arithmetic twisted Heegner divisors. We prove the modularity of \phi_{\Delta, r}(\tau), along the way, we also identify the arithmetic pairing \langle \phi_{\Delta, r}(\tau),\widehat{\omega}_N \rangle with special value of some Eisenstein series, where \widehat{\omega}_N is a normalized metric Hodge line bundle.
In this paper, we use Borcherds lifting and the big CM value formula of Bruinier, Kudla, and Yang to give an explicit factorization formula for the norm of $Ψ(\frac{d_1+\sqrt{d_1}}2) -Ψ(\frac{d_2+\sqrt{d_2}}2)$, where $Ψ$ is the $j$-invariant or the Weber invariant $ω_2$. The $j$-invariant case gives another proof of the well-known Gross-Zagier factorization formula of singular moduli, while the Weber invariant case gives a proof of the Yui-Zagier conjecture for $ω_2$. The method used here could be extended to deal with other modular functions on a genus zero modular curve.
In this paper, we consider some CM fields which we call of dihedral type and compute the Artin $L$-functions associated to all CM types of these CM fields. As a consequence of this calculation, we see that the Colmez conjecture in this case is very closely related to understanding the log derivatives of certain Hecke characters of real quadratic fields. Recall that the `abelian case' of the Colmez conjecture, proved by Colmez himself, amounts to understanding the log derivatives of Hecke characters of $\Q$ (cyclotomic characters). In this paper, we also prove that the Colmez conjecture holds for `unitary CM types of signature $(n-1, 1)$' and holds on average for `unitary CM types of a fixed CM number field of signature $(n-r, r)$'.
We prove two formulas in the style of the Gross-Zagier theorem, relating derivatives of L-functions to arithmetic intersection pairings on a unitary Shimura variety. We also prove a special case of Colmez's conjecture on the Faltings heights of abelian varieties with complex multiplication. These results are derived from the authors' earlier results on the modularity of generating series of divisors on unitary Shimura varieties.
We form generating series of special divisors, valued in the Chow group and in the arithmetic Chow group, on the compactified integral model of a Shimura variety associated to a unitary group of signature (n-1,1), and prove their modularity. The main ingredient of the proof is the calculation of the vertical components appearing in the divisor of a Borcherds product on the integral model.