arXiv subjects

U. -J. Wiese

Publications and source records attributed to U. -J. Wiese.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

arXiv1998

Monte Carlo Study of Correlations in Quantum Spin Chains at Non-Zero Temperature

Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chains with various spin values ($S=1/2,1,3/2,2,5/2$) are studied numerically with the quantum Monte Carlo method. Effective spin $S$ chains are realized by ferromagnetically coupling $n=2S$ antiferromagnetic spin chains with $S=1/2$. The temperature dependence of the uniform susceptibility, the staggered susceptibility, and the static structure factor peak intensity are computed down to very low temperatures, $T/J \approx 0.01$. The correlation length at each temperature is deduced from numerical measurements of the instantaneous spin-spin correlation function. At high temperatures, very good agreement with exact results for the classical spin chain is obtained independent of the value of $S$. For $S$=2 chains which have a gap $Δ$, the correlation length and the uniform susceptibility in the temperature range $Δ< T < J$ are well predicted by a semi-classical theory due to Damle and Sachdev.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv1998

Complete Wetting of Gluons and Gluinos

Complete wetting is a universal phenomenon associated with interfaces separating coexisting phases. For example, in the pure gluon theory, at $T_c$ an interface separating two distinct high-temperature deconfined phases splits into two confined-deconfined interfaces with a complete wetting layer of confined phase between them. In supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, distinct confined phases may coexist with a Coulomb phase at zero temperature. In that case, the Coulomb phase may completely wet a confined-confined interface. Finally, at the high-temperature phase transition of gluons and gluinos, confined-confined interfaces are completely wet by the deconfined phase, and similarly, deconfined-deconfined interfaces are completely wet by the confined phase. For these various cases, we determine the interface profiles and the corresponding complete wetting critical exponents. The exponents depend on the range of the interface interactions and agree with those of corresponding condensed matter systems.

hep-th↗

arXiv1998

Lattice Fluid Dynamics from Perfect Discretizations of Continuum Flows

We use renormalization group methods to derive equations of motion for large scale variables in fluid dynamics. The large scale variables are averages of the underlying continuum variables over cubic volumes, and naturally live on a lattice. The resulting lattice dynamics represents a perfect discretization of continuum physics, i.e. grid artifacts are completely eliminated. Perfect equations of motion are derived for static, slow flows of incompressible, viscous fluids. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow in a channel with square cross section the equations reduce to a perfect discretization of the Poisson equation for the velocity field with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The perfect large scale Poisson equation is used in a numerical simulation, and is shown to represent the continuum flow exactly. For non-square cross sections we use a numerical iterative procedure to derive flow equations that are approximately perfect.

comp-gas↗

arXiv1998

Complete Wetting in Supersymmetric QCD or Why QCD Strings Can End on Domain Walls

As argued by Witten on the basis of M-theory, QCD strings can end on domain walls. We present an explanation of this effect in the framework of effective field theories for the Polyakov loop and the gluino condensate in N=1 supersymmetric QCD. The domain walls separating confined phases with different values of the gluino condensate are completely wet by a layer of deconfined phase at the high-temperature phase transition. As a consequence, even at low temperatures, the Polyakov loop has a non-vanishing expectation value on the domain wall. Thus, close to the wall, the free energy of a static quark is finite and the string emanating from it can end on the wall.

hep-th↗

arXiv1998

Quark Confinement in the Deconfined Phase

In cylindrical volumes with C-periodic boundary conditions in the long direction, static quarks are confined even in the gluon plasma phase due to the presence of interfaces separating the three distinct high-temperature phases. An effective "string tension" is computed analytically using a dilute gas of interfaces. At T_c, the deconfined-deconfined interfaces are completely wet by the confined phase and the high-temperature "string tension" turns into the usual string tension below T_c. Finite size formulae are derived, which allow to extract interface and string tensions from the expectation value of a single Polyakov loop. A cluster algorithm is built for the 3-d three-state Potts model and an improved estimator for the Polyakov loop is constructed, based on the number of clusters wrapping around the C-periodic direction of the cluster.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1998

Green's Functions from Quantum Cluster Algorithms

We show that cluster algorithms for quantum models have a meaning independent of the basis chosen to construct them. Using this idea, we propose a new method for measuring with little effort a whole class of Green's functions, once a cluster algorithm for the partition function has been constructed. To explain the idea, we consider the quantum XY model and compute its two point Green's function in various ways, showing that all of them are equivalent. We also provide numerical evidence confirming the analytic arguments. Similar techniques are applicable to other models. In particular, in the recently constructed quantum link models, the new technique allows us to construct improved estimators for Wilson loops and may lead to a very precise determination of the glueball spectrum.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv1998

Perfect Actions with Chemical Potential

We show how to include a chemical potential μin perfect lattice actions. It turns out that the standard procedure of multiplying the quark fields Ψ, \barΨat Euclidean time t by \exp(\pm μt), respectively, is perfect. As an example, the case of free fermions with chemical potential is worked out explicitly. Even after truncation, cut-off effects in the pressure and the baryon density are small. Using a (quasi-)perfect action, numerical QCD simulations for non-zero chemical potential become more powerful, because coarse lattices are sufficient for extracting continuum physics.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1997

The Square-Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnet at Very Large Correlation Lengths

The correlation length of the square-lattice spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet is studied in the low-temperature (asymptotic-scaling) regime. Our novel approach combines a very efficient loop cluster algorithm -- operating directly in the Euclidean time continuum -- with finite-size scaling. This enables us to probe correlation lengths up to $ξ\approx 350,000$ lattice spacings -- more than three orders of magnitude larger than any previous study. We resolve a conundrum concerning the applicability of asymptotic-scaling formulae to experimentally- and numerically-determined correlation lengths, and arrive at a very precise determination of the low-energy observables. Our results have direct implications for the zero-temperature behavior of spin-1/2 ladders.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv1997

D-Theory: Field Theory via Dimensional Reduction of Discrete Variables

A new non-perturbative approach to quantum field theory --- D-theory --- is proposed, in which continuous classical fields are replaced by discrete quantized variables which undergo dimensional reduction. The 2-d classical O(3) model emerges from the (2+1)-d quantum Heisenberg model formulated in terms of quantum spins. Dimensional reduction is demonstrated explicitly by simulating correlation lengths up to 350,000 lattice spacings using a loop cluster algorithm. In the framework of D-theory, gauge theories are formulated in terms of quantum links --- the gauge analogs of quantum spins. Quantum links are parallel transporter matrices whose elements are non-commuting operators. They can be expressed as bilinears of anticommuting fermion constituents. In quantum link models dimensional reduction to four dimensions occurs, due to the presence of a 5-d Coulomb phase, whose existence is confirmed by detailed simulations using standard lattice gauge theory. Using Shamir's variant of Kaplan's fermion proposal, in quantum link QCD quarks appear as edge states of a 5-d slab. This naturally protects their chiral symmetries without fine-tuning. The first efficient cluster algorithm for a gauge theory with a continuous gauge group is formulated for the U(1) quantum link model. Improved estimators for Wilson loops are constructed, and dimensional reduction to ordinary lattice QED is verified numerically.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1997

The Perfect Quark-Gluon Vertex Function

We evaluate a perfect quark-gluon vertex function for QCD in coordinate space and truncate it to a short range. We present preliminary results for the charmonium spectrum using this quasi-perfect action.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1997

Perfect Lattice Topology: The Quantum Rotor as a Test Case

Lattice actions and topological charges that are classically and quantum mechanically perfect (i.e. free of lattice artifacts) are constructed analytically for the quantum rotor. It is demonstrated that the Manton action is classically perfect while the Villain action is quantum perfect. The geometric construction for the topological charge is only perfect at the classical level. The quantum perfect lattice topology associates a topological charge distribution, not just a single charge, with each lattice field configuration. For the quantum rotor with the classically perfect action and topological charge, the remaining cut-off effects are exponentially suppressed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1997

QCD as a Quantum Link Model

QCD is constructed as a lattice gauge theory in which the elements of the link matrices are represented by non-commuting operators acting in a Hilbert space. The resulting quantum link model for QCD is formulated with a fifth Euclidean dimension, whose extent resembles the inverse gauge coupling of the resulting four-dimensional theory after dimensional reduction. The inclusion of quarks is natural in Shamir's variant of Kaplan's fermion method, which does not require fine-tuning to approach the chiral limit. A rishon representation in terms of fermionic constituents of the gluons is derived and the quantum link Hamiltonian for QCD with a U(N) gauge symmetry is expressed in terms of glueball, meson and constituent quark operators. The new formulation of QCD is promising both from an analytic and from a computational point of view.

hep-th↗

arXiv1997

Quark Confinement in C-periodic Cylinders at Temperatures above T_c

Due to the Gauss law, a single quark cannot exist in a periodic volume, while it can exist with C-periodic boundary conditions. In a C-periodic cylinder of cross section A = L_x L_y and length L_z >> L_x, L_y containing deconfined gluons, regions of different high temperature Z(3) phases are aligned along the z-direction, separated by deconfined- deconfined interfaces. In this geometry, the free energy of a single static quark diverges in proportion to L_z. Hence, paradoxically, the quark is confined, although the temperature T is larger than T_c. At T around T_c, the confined phase coexists with the three deconfined phases. The deconfined-deconfined interfaces can be completely or incompletely wet by the confined phase. The free energy of a quark behaves differently in these two cases. In contrast to claims in the literature, our results imply that deconfined-deconfined interfaces are not Euclidean artifacts, but have observable consequences in a system of hot gluons.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1996

Quantum Link Models: A Discrete Approach to Gauge Theories

We construct lattice gauge theories in which the elements of the link matrices are represented by non-commuting operators acting in a Hilbert space. These quantum link models are related to ordinary lattice gauge theories in the same way as quantum spin models are related to ordinary classical spin systems. Here U(1) and SU(2) quantum link models are constructed explicitly. As Hamiltonian theories quantum link models are nonrelativistic gauge theories with potential applications in condensed matter physics. When formulated with a fifth Euclidean dimension, universality arguments suggest that dimensional reduction to four dimensions occurs. Hence, quantum link models are also reformulations of ordinary quantum field theories and are applicable to particle physics, for example to QCD. The configuration space of quantum link models is discrete and hence their numerical treatment should be simpler than that of ordinary lattice gauge theories with a continuous configuration space.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1996

Perfect Lattice Actions for Staggered Fermions

We construct a perfect lattice action for staggered fermions by blocking from the continuum. The locality, spectrum and pressure of such perfect staggered fermions are discussed. We also derive a consistent fixed point action for free gauge fields and discuss its locality as well as the resulting static quark-antiquark potential. This provides a basis for the construction of (classically) perfect lattice actions for QCD using staggered fermions.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1996

Progress on Perfect Lattice Actions for QCD

We describe a number of aspects in our attempt to construct an approximately perfect lattice action for QCD. Free quarks are made optimally local on the whole renormalized trajectory and their couplings are then truncated by imposing 3-periodicity. The spectra of these short ranged fermions are excellent approximations to continuum spectra. The same is true for free gluons. We evaluate the corresponding perfect quark-gluon vertex function, identifying in particular the ``perfect clover term''. First simulations for heavy quarks show that the mass is strongly renormalized, but again the renormalized theory agrees very well with continuum physics. Furthermore we describe the multigrid formulation for the non-perturbative perfect action and we present the concept of an exactly (quantum) perfect topological charge on the lattice.

hep-lat↗

arXiv1996

A Monte Carlo Study of Correlations in Quantum Spin Ladders

We study antiferromagnetic spin--1/2 Heisenberg ladders, comprised of $n_c$ chains ($2 \leq n_c \leq 6$) with ratio $J_{\bot}/J_{\|}$ of inter-- to intra--chain couplings. From measurements of the correlation function we deduce the correlation length $ξ(T)$. For even $n_c$, the static structure factor exhibits a peak at a temperature below the corresponding spin gap. Results for isotropically coupled ladders ($J_{\bot}/J_{\|} = 1$) are compared to those for the single chain and the square lattice. For $J_{\bot}/J_{\|} \leq 0.5$, the correlation function of the two--chain ladder is in excellent agreement with analytic results from conformal field theory, and $ξ(T)$ exhibits simple scaling behavior.

cond-mat↗

arXiv1996

Simulations of Discrete Quantum Systems in Continuous Euclidean Time

Path integrals are usually formulated in discrete Euclidean time using the Trotter formula. We propose a new method to study discrete quantum systems, in which we work directly in the Euclidean time continuum. The method is of general interest and can be applied to studies of quantum spin systems, lattice fermions, and in principle also lattice gauge theories. Here it is applied to the Heisenberg quantum antiferromagnet using a continuous-time version of a loop cluster algorithm. The computational advantage of this algorithm is exploited to confirm the predictions of chiral perturbation theory in the extreme low temperature regime, down to $T = 0.01 J$. A fit of the low-energy parameters of chiral perturbation theory gives excellent agreement with previous results and with experiments.

cond-mat↗