arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Ulf-G. Meißner.
Effective field theory allows for a systematic and model-independent derivation of the forces between nucleons in harmony with the symmetries of Quantum Chromodynamics. We review the foundations of this approach and discuss its application for light nuclei at various resolution scales. The extension of this approach to many-body systems is briefly sketched.
In the low-energy region far below the chiral symmetry breaking scale (which is of the order of 1 GeV) chiral perturbation theory provides a model-independent approach for quantitative description of nuclear processes. In the two- and more-nucleon sector perturbation theory is applicable only at the level of an effective potential which serves as input in the corresponding dynamical equation. To deal with the resulting many-body problem we put chiral effective field theory (EFT) on the lattice. Here we present the results of our lattice EFT study up to next-to-next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion. Accurate description of two-nucleon phase-shifts and ground state energy ratio of dilute neutron matter up to corrections of higher orders shows that lattice EFT is a promising tool for a quantitative description of low-energy few- and many-body systems.
We calculate the mass splittings within the heavy baryon isospin multiplets Σ_{c(b)} and Ξ_{c(b)}' in chiral perturbation theory to leading one-loop order. The pattern of the mass splittings in the Σ_c iso-triplet, which is different from that of any other known isospin multiplet, can be explained. We predict m_{Ξ_c'^+} - m_{Ξ_c'^0}=-0.2\pm0.6 MeV, m_{Ξ_b'^0} - m_{Ξ_b'^-}=-4.0\pm1.9 MeV and the mass of the Σ_b^0 to be 5810.3\pm1.9 MeV.
We extend the method of infrared regularization to spin-1 fields coupled to baryons. As an application, we discuss the axial form factor of the nucleon.
We construct the effective chiral Lagrangian involving the D--mesons and Goldstone bosons at next-to-leading order taking into account strong as well as electromagnetic interactions. This allows us to disentangle -- to leading order in isospin violation -- the electromagnetic and the strong contribution to the D--meson mass differences. In addition, we also apply the interaction to the decay D_{s0}^*(2317)-> D_s pi0 under the assumption that the D_{s0}^*(2317) is a hadronic molecule. We find (180+-110) keV for the decay width $Γ(D_{s0}^*(2317)-> D_s pi0) -- consistent with currently existing experimental constraints as well as previous theoretical investigations. The result provides further evidence that this decay width can serve as a criterion for testing the nature of the D_{s0}^*(2317).
The neutron-proton mass difference in finite nuclei is studied in the framework of a medium-modified Skyrme model. The possible interplay between the effective nucleon mass in finite nuclei and the Nolen-Schiffer anomaly is discussed. In particular, we find that a correct description of the properties of mirror nuclei leads to a stringent restriction of possible modifications of the nucleon's effective mass in nuclei.
We study nucleon-nucleon scattering on the lattice at next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory. We determine phase shifts and mixing angles from the properties of two-nucleon standing waves induced by a hard spherical wall in the center-of-mass frame. At fixed lattice spacing we test model independence of the low-energy effective theory by computing next-to-leading-order corrections for two different leading-order lattice actions. The first leading-order action includes instantaneous one-pion exchange and same-site contact interactions. The second leading-order action includes instantaneous one-pion exchange and Gaussian-smeared interactions. We find that in each case the results at next-to-leading order are accurate up to corrections expected at higher order.
We discuss lattice simulations of the ground state of dilute neutron matter at next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory. In a previous paper the coefficients of the next-to-leading-order lattice action were determined by matching nucleon-nucleon scattering data for momenta up to the pion mass. Here the same lattice action is used to simulate the ground state of up to 12 neutrons in a periodic cube using Monte Carlo. We explore the density range from 2% to 8% of normal nuclear density and analyze the ground state energy as an expansion about the unitarity limit with corrections due to finite scattering length, effective range, and P-wave interactions.
The near-threshold behavior of the ppbar invariant mass spectrum from the J/psi -> omega ppbar decay reported recently by the BES Collaboration is analyzed. Contrary to the statement made by the BES Collaboration itself our study demonstrates that there is indeed a noticeable enhancement in the ppbar invariant mass spectrum near threshold. Moreover, this enhancement is nicely reproduced by the final state interaction in the relevant 11S0 ppbar partial wave as given by the Julich nucleon--antinucleon model. Therefore, and again contrary to the statement by the BES Collaboration, their new data on J/psi -> omega ppbar decay in fact strongly support the FSI interpretation of the ppbar enhancement, seen also in other decay reactions.
We examine the possibility to extract information about the DN and DbarN interactions from the pbar d to D Dbar N reaction. We utilize the notion that the open-charm mesons are first produced in the annihilation of the antiproton on one nucleon in the deuteron and subsequently rescatter on the other (the spectator) nucleon. The latter process is then exploited for investigating the DN and DbarN interactions. We study different methods for isolating the contributions from the D^0p and D^-p rescattering terms.
We demonstrate that the experimental information currently available for the Y(4660) is consistent with its being a f_0(980)psi' molecule. Possible experimental tests of our hypothesis are presented.
We study the leading isospin-breaking contributions to the two-nucleon two-pion exchange potential due to explicit Delta degrees of freedom in chiral effective field theory. In particular, we find important contributions due to the delta mass splittings to the charge symmetry breaking potential that act opposite to the effects induced by the nucleon mass splitting.
We determine two-particle scattering phase shifts and mixing angles for quantum theories defined with lattice regularization. The method is suitable for any nonrelativistic effective theory of point particles on the lattice. In the center-of-mass frame of the two-particle system we impose a hard spherical wall at some fixed large radius. For channels without partial-wave mixing the partial-wave phase shifts are determined from the energies of the nearly-spherical standing waves. For channels with partial-wave mixing further information is extracted by decomposing the standing wave at the wall boundary into spherical harmonics, and we solve coupled-channels equations to extract the phase shifts and mixing angles. The method is illustrated and tested by computing phase shifts and mixing angles on the lattice for spin-1/2 particles with an attractive Gaussian potential containing both central and tensor force parts.
We study the three-nucleon force in chiral effective field theory with explicit Delta-resonance degrees of freedom. We show that up to next-to-next-to-leading order, the only contribution to the isospin symmetric three-nucleon force involving the spin-3/2 degrees of freedom is given by the two-pion-exchange diagram with an intermediate delta, frequently called the Fujita-Miyazawa force. We also analyze the leading isospin-breaking corrections due to the delta. For that, we give the first analysis of the delta quartet mass splittings in chiral effective field theory. The charge-symmetry breaking three-nucleon force due to an intermediate delta excitation is small, of the order of a few keV.
We derive the long-range contributions to the tree-nucleon force at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion. We give both momentum and coordinate space representations.
We present a complete calculation of the SU(3)-breaking corrections to the hyperon vector form factors up to O(p^4) in covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory. Partial higher-order contributions are obtained, and we discuss chiral extrapolations of the vector form factor at zero momentum transfer. In addition we derive low-energy theorems for the subleading moments in hyperon decays, the weak Dirac radii and the weak anomalous magnetic moments, up to O(p^4).
We present a gauge invariant approach to photoproduction of mesons on nucleons within a chiral unitary framework. The interaction kernel for meson-baryon scattering is derived from the chiral effective Lagrangian and iterated in a Bethe-Salpeter equation. Within the leading order approximation to the interaction kernel, data on kaon photoproduction from SAPHIR, CLAS and CBELSA/TAPS are analyzed in the threshold region. The importance of gauge invariance and the precision of various approximations in the interaction kernel utilized in earlier works are discussed.
Isospin-breaking effects in the baryonic sector are studied in the framework of a medium-modified Skyrme model. The neutron-proton mass difference in infinite, asymmetric nuclear matter is discussed. In order to describe the influence of the nuclear environment on the skyrmions, we include energy-dependent charged and neutral pion optical potentials in the s- and p-wave channels. The present approach predicts that the neutron-proton mass difference is mainly dictated by its strong part and that it strongly decreases in neutron matter.