Methane ionization chamber to search for spin-dependent dark matter interactions
A liquid-methane ionization chamber is proposed as a setup to search for spin-dependent interactions of dark-matter particles with hydrogen
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arXiv subjects
V. A. Bednyakov
Publications and source records attributed to V. A. Bednyakov.
Nuclear target effect on dark matter detection rate
Expected event rates for a number of dark matter nuclear targets were calculated in the effective low-energy minimal supersymmetric standard model, provided the lightest neutralino is the dark matter Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP). These calculations allow direct comparison of sensitivities of different dark matter detectors to intermediate mass WIMPs expected from the measurements of the DArk MAtter (DAMA) experiment.
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On the mixed spin-scalar coupling approach in dark matter search
To avoid misleading discrepancies between results of different dark matter search experiments as well as between the data and SUSY calculations it is in general preferable to use a mixed spin-scalar coupling approach in which spin-independent and spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon couplings are both non-zero. On the other hand one may, however, to safely neglect the subdominant spin WIMP-nucleon contribution in comparison with the spin-independent one in analysis of data from experiments with heavy enough non-zero-spin target nuclei. The mixed coupling approach is applied to estimate future prospects of experiments with the odd-neutron high-spin isotope Ge-73.
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Nuclear Spin in Direct Dark Matter Search
The Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are among the main candidates for the relic dark matter (DM). The idea of the direct DM detection relies on elastic in-dependent (SD) and spin-independent (SI) interaction of WIMPs with target nuclei. The importance of the SD WIMP-nucleus interaction for reliable DM detection is argued. The absolute lower bound for the detection rate can naturally be due to SD interaction. An experiment aimed at detecting DM with sensitivity higher than 10^{-5} event/day/kg should have a non-zero-spin target.
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Nuclear spin structure in dark matter search: The zero momentum transfer limit
We review the calculation of spin-dependent matrix elements relevant to scattering of weakly interacting massive particles on nuclei. A comprehensive list, to our knowledge, of the proton and neutron total spin expectation values ($<{\bf S}_{p}>$ and $<{\bf S}_{n}>$) calculated within different nuclear models is presented. These values allow a conclusion about the event rate expected in direct dark matter search experiments due to spin-dependent neutralino-nucleon interaction, provided neutralino is a dark matter particle.
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On dark matter search after DAMA with Ge-73
The Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) is one of the main candidates for the relic dark matter (DM).In the effective low-energy minimal supersymmetric standard model (effMSSM) the neutralino-nucleon spin and scalar cross sections in the low-mass regime were calculated. The calculated cross sections are compared with almost all experimental currently available exclusion curves for spin-dependent WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron cross sections. It is demonstrated that in general about two-orders-of-magnitude improvement of the current DM experiment sensitivities is needed to reach the (effMSSM) SUSY predictions. At the current level of accuracy it looks reasonable to safely neglect sub-dominant spin WIMP-nucleon contributions analyzing the data from spin-non-zero targets. To avoid misleading discrepancies between data and SUSY calculations it is, however, preferable to use a mixed spin-scalar coupling approach.This approach is applied to estimate future prospects of experiments with the odd-neutron high-spin isotope Ge-73. It is noticed that the DAMA evidence favors the light Higgs sector in the effMSSM, a high event rate in a Ge-73 detector and relatively high upgoing muon fluxes from relic neutralino annihilations in the Earth and the Sun.
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Aspects of spin-dependent dark matter search
The Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) is the main candidate for the relic dark matter. A set of exclusion curves currently obtained for cross sections of the spin-dependent WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron interaction is given. A two-orders-of-magnitude improvement of the sensitivity of the dark matter experiment is needed to reach the SUSY predictions for relic neutralinos. It is noted that near-future experiments with the high-spin isotope Ge-73 can yield a new important constraint on the neutralino-neutron effective coupling and the SUSY parameter space.
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Squark-, Slepton- and Neutralino-Chargino coannihilation effects in the low-energy effective MSSM
Within the low-energy effective Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (effMSSM) we calculate the neutralino relic density taking into account slepton-neutralino, squark-neutralino and neutralino/chargino- neutralino coannihilation channels. By including squark (stop and sbottom) coannihilation channels we extend our comparative study to all allowed coannihilations and obtain the general result that all of them give sizable contributions to the reduction of the neutralino relic density. Due to these coannihilation processes some models (mostly with large neutralino masses) enter into the cosmologically interesting region for relic density, but other models leave this region. Nevertheless, in general, the predictions for direct and indirect dark matter detection rates are not strongly affected by these coannihilation channels in the effMSSM.
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Comparison of coannihilation effects in low-energy MSSM
The neutralino relic density is calculated in the low-energy effective Minimal Supersymmetric extension of Standard Model (effMSSM). The slepton-neutralino, squark-neutralino and neutralino/chargino-neutralino coannihilation channels are taking into account. The comparative study of these coannihilations is performed and demonstrated that all of them give the sizable contributions to the reduction of the neutralino relic density. It is shown that the predictions for direct dark matter detection rates are not strongly affected by these coannihilation channels in the effMSSM.
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Slepton and Neutralino/Chargino Coannihilations in MSSM
Within the low-energy effective Minimal Supersymmetric extension of Standard Model (effMSSM) we calculated the neutralino relic density taking into account slepton-neutralino and neutralino-chargino/neutralino coannihilation channels. We performed comparative study of these channels and obtained that both of them give sizable contributions to the reduction of the relic density. Due to these coannihilation processes some models (mostly with large neutralino masses) enter into the cosmologically interesting region for relic density, but other models leave this region. Nevertheless, in general, the predictions for direct and indirect dark matter detection rates are not strongly affected by these coannihilation channels in the effMSSM.
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On possible lower bounds for the direct detection rate of SUSY Dark Matter
One can expect accessible lower bounds for dark matter detection rate due to restrictions on masses of the SUSY-partners. To explore this correlation one needs a new-generation large-mass detector. The absolute lower bound for detection rate can naturally be due to spin-dependent interaction. Aimed at detecting dark matter with sensitivity higher than $10^{-5}$ event/day/kg an experiment should have a non-zero-spin target. Perhaps, the best is to create a GENIUS-like detector with both Ge-73 (high spin) and Ge-76 nuclei.
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Higgs Bosons and the Indirect Search for WIMPs
We investigated the contribution of the MSSM Higgs bosons produced in the neutralino annihilation in the Earth and Sun to the total WIMPs detection signals. We found that this contribution is very important and results in a lower bound for the muon flux from the Sun of 10^{-7} - 10^{-8} m^{-2} yr^{-1} for neutralinos heavier than 200 GeV. We noticed that due to the SUSY charged Higgs bosons one can expect an energetic tau neutrino flux from the Sun at a level of 10^2 m^{-2} yr^{-1}.
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Update of the direct detection of dark matter and the role of the nuclear spin
We update our exploration of the MSSM parameter space at the weak scale where new accelerator and cosmological constraints are respected. The dependence of WIMP-nucleon cross sections on parameters of the MSSM, uncertainties of the nucleon structure and other theoretical assumptions like universality and co-annihilation are considered. In particular, we find that the coannihilation does not have a significant effect in our analysis in certain regions which are allowed even with coannihilation. The new cosmological constraint on the relic neutralino density used in the form $0.1 < Ω_χh^2_0<0.3$ does also not significantly affect the regions of allowed neutralino-nucleon cross sections. We notice that for nuclear targets with spin the spin-dependent interaction may determine the lower bound for the direct detection rate when the cross section of the scalar interaction drops below about $10^{-12} $pb.
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On importance of dark matter for LHC physics
I would like to attract attention of the LHC high-energy physics community to non-accelerator, low-energy experiments, that are also very sensitive to new physics. My example concerns search for supersymmetric dark matter particles. It is shown that non-observation of the SUSY dark matter candidates with a high-accuracy detector can exclude large domains of the MSSM parameter space and, in particular, can make especially desirable collider search for light SUSY charged Higgs boson.
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SUSY spectrum constraints on direct dark matter detection
We perform an investigation of the MSSM parameter space at the Fermi scale taking into account available accelerator, non-accelerator and cosmological constraints. Extra assumptions about upper bounds for some of the SUSY particles are also imposed. We show that a non-observation of the SUSY dark matter candidates with a high-accuracy dark matter detector, such as Ge-73, under above-mentioned assumptions can exclude large domains of the MSSM parameter space and, for instance, can make especially desirable collider search for light SUSY charged Higgs boson.
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On Prospects for Exploration of Supersymmetry in Double Beta Decay Experiments
We analyze constraints on the parameters of the R-parity violating supersymmetry which can be extracted from non-observation of the neutrinoless nuclear double beta decay ($0νββ$) at a given half-life lower bound. Our analysis covers a large class of phenomenologically viable R-parity violating SUSY models. We introduce special characteristics: the SUSY sensitivity of a $ββ$ decaying isotope and the SUSY reach of a $0νββ$ experiment. The former provides a physical criterion for a selection of the most promising isotopes for SUSY searches and the latter gives a measure of success for a $0νββ$ experiment in exploring the R-parity violating SUSY parameter space. On this basis we discuss prospects for exploration of supersymmetry in various $0νββ$ experiments.
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About direct Dark Matter detection in Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Direct dark matter detection is considered in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM). The effective neutralino-quark Lagrangian is obtained and event rates are calculated for the Ge-73 isotope. Accelerator and cosmological constraints on the NMSSM parameter space are included. By means of scanning the parameter space at the Fermi scale we show that the lightest neutralino could be detected in dark matter experiments with sizable event rate.
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Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and direct Dark Matter detection
Prospects for direct dark matter detection are considered in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM). The effective neutralino-quark Lagrangian is obtained and event rates are calculated for Ge-73. Accelerator and cosmological constraints on the NMSSM are included in our numerical analysis, which allows us to conclude that the lightest neutralino from NMSSM could be detected in future dark matter experiments.
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