arXiv subjects

Vladan Pankovic

Publications and source records attributed to Vladan Pankovic.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Quantum Zeno, Hamlet and similar effects

Simply speaking quantum Zeno effect for an unstable quantum system represents total decay probability decrease by frequent decay detection. Analogously simply speaking quantum anti-Zeno effect for an unstable quantum system represents total no-decay probability decrease by frequent decay detection. Also, some authors considered optical, i.e. polarization detection analogy of quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects. In this work we consider basic standard quantum mechanical concepts in quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effect. We use simplest (Malus law) form of mentioned ideas on the photon polarization detection analogy of quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects and we suggest some new situations (non-equivalent time duration of the quantum dynamical evolution between different frequent detection). Correspondingly we define new quantum effects, quantum Hamlet effect (when, by frequent detection, final total polarization angle and state converge but total probability for appearance of this state diverges) and quantum anti-Hamlet effect (when, by frequent detection, final total polarization angle and state diverge but total probability for appearance of this state converges). Also, we consider a rough classical mechanical analogy of Zeno effect. Finally we consider frequent interference of single photon at beam splitters and obtain for different values of reflection and transmission coefficients analogies of quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effect as well as analogy of usual exponentially decreasing decay law.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Two and single superconductive capacitor paradox

In this work we consider a new version of the remarkable two capacitor paradox, concretely its simpler form called single capacitor paradox in realistic case when all capacitors plates, conductors and switch are made by the same kind of superconductive material. In non-superconductive regime (when temperature is larger than critical) electric circuit holds non-zero residual electric resistance by means of which decrease of the initial electric field energy in closed circuit by single capacitor discharge can be explained. (Also it will be supposed that within mentioned electric circuit any residual inductivity can be effectively neglected.) But in superconductive regime (when temperature is smaller than critical) electric circuit exactly does not hold any residual resistance and we consider what then appears. It is shown that here, according to London law, electric field energy in closed circuit oscillates during time between its initial value and zero what seemingly represents new single (two) superconductive capacitor paradox (of electric field energy oscillation). Precisely, it is shown that here electric charge and current harmonically oscillate during time in such way that mentioned electric circuit can be considered as a typical LC circuit with inductivity defined by superconductivity, i.e. London parameter and capacitor characteristics. In this way total energy of the capacitor variable electric field and electric current variable magnetic field stands constant which represents solution of mentioned paradox.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2021

Photon-detector entanglement by interference at a beam splitter

In early days of navigation over sea and ocean it has been considered that when a ship, governed by waves, arrives as some critical distance of the global character, then this ship must absolute collapse, i.e. must fall in the nothing. Only remarkable Magellan voyage definitely "experimentally" realized proof that there is no absolute collapse of the ship trajectory on the ocean, that different collapses of the ship trajectories have always less or more local character, and, that only spherical-symmetric form of the Earth has absolute character. Within standard quantum mechanical formalism collapse by measurement, i.e. detection must be postulated independently of the unitary symmetric (that conserves superposition or entanglement) quantum mechanical dynamics since to this day there is no realized experiment on the existence of the entanglement between quantum system and detector (Schrodinger cat effect). In this work we suggest an original, realistic and simple, form of the experiment of interference of single photon at beam splitter. Here quantum entanglement between photon and photon trajectories detector (which corresponds to single simple two-level system, practically single atom) is studied. (All this is equivalent to elementary processes within typical gas laser tube and in this sense suggested entanglement can be considered even experimentally verified.) It admits model of the collapse by detection as the spontaneous breaking of the unitary symmetry of quantum mechanical dynamics as an especial case of the general formalism of the spontaneous symmetry breaking. Collapse represents an effective,local phenomena, while unitary symmetry represents an absolute exact, global phenomena. It can be extremely important for the quantum mechanics foundation.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2021

Photon-Detector Entanglement by interference at beam splitter (Collapse and spontaneous superposition breaking)

In this work we suggest an original, realistic and simple, form of the experiment of interference of single photon at beam splitter. Here quantum entanglement (Schrodinger cat effect) between photon and photon trajectories detector (which includes two same simple two-level systems) is studied. It admits a consistent model of the detection or measurement procedure. Concretely here (self-)collapse at detector is consistently treated as the spontaneous (non-dynamical) breaking (effective hiding) of the unitary symmetry (superposition or entanglement) of quantum mechanical dynamics. It can be considered as an especial case of the general formalism of the spontaneous symmetry breaking.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2021

(Sub-systemic) quantum Zeno effect and single photon interference at a beam splitter

In this work we consider quantum dynamical interaction of single photon with beam splitter after which well-known superposition between reflected and transmitted photon appears. Later reflected photon is absorbed by one and transmitted photon is absorbed by other, distant of two two-level systems of the same type (prepared initially in ground states). It implies entanglement between mentioned two two-level systems. Any two-level system in excited state represents an unstable system that quantum dynamically evolves in a superposition of the initial excited (non-decayed) and ground (decayed) state. We consider frequent detection at only one of two two-level systems and we prove that here a modification of the usual quantum Zeno effect called sub-systemic quantum Zeno effect appears. Namely after mentioned frequent detection two two-level systems are in a specific entangled state with two terms. First term (term of the "frozen" evolution) includes detected two-level system in initial excited state and non-detected two-level system in the ground state. Second term (term of free evolution) includes detected system in ground state and non-detected system in free evolved excited state.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2021

Dynamical determination of the basic Planck units

In this work we consider determination of the basic Planck units (mass, length and charge) using two dynamical principles. First one is definition of the (reduced) Compton length of the physical system (which, as it is well-known, can be considered as the critical parameter that characterizes necessity for application of the quantum field theoretical formalism). Second one is definition of the classical dimension of a physical system (that can be considered as a generalization of the concept of the classical radius of the electron) by equivalence of the system rest energy and potential energy for corresponding length. For electrostatic Coulomb potential energy it implies Planck charge, but without any explicit expression for system mass or (reduced) Compton length. For Newtonian gravitational potential energy it implies Planck mass and Planck length. It is shown that analogous results follow when second dynamical principle is changed by new dynamical principles in which Planck length corresponds to geometrical mean value between (reduced) Compton wavelength and Schwarzschild radius for arbitrary physical system. More generally, it is shown that basic Planck units can be obtained by analogous relations between three characteristic length parameters determined by general relativity dynamics for Kerr-Newman black hole with angular momentum equivalent to reduced Planck constant.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2020

Black Hole (Thermodynamics) -- a Simplified Theory for Quantum Gravity Non-Specialists

In this work we suggest a simplified "quasi-classical" formalism of the Schwarzschild black hole thermodynamics. We define such small quantum system at Schwarzschild black hole horizon surface whose reduced Compton wavelength equals one circumference of a great circle on the black hole horizon surface. (It is in some way similar to the Bohr orbital momentum quantization postulate for the ground state interpreted via de Broglie relation.) It admits very simple functional connections between all black hole basic thermodynamic characteristics (Unruh temperature, Hawking temperature, Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, Bekenstein entropy horizon surface quantization, evaporation time) and small quantum system mass. All this can be very interesting for the quantum gravity specialists as well as non-specialists.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2020

Simple (SISYPHUS) dynamical model of the cosmological constant

In this work we suggest (in a formal analogy with Linde chaotic inflation scenario) simple dynamical model of the dark energy or cosmological constant. Concretely, we suggest a Lagrangian dependent of Universe scale factor and scalar field (with constant and positive total energy density as cosmological constant). Then, Euler-Lagrange equation for Universe scale factor is equivalent to the second Friedman equation for the flat empty space with cosmological constant (in this sense our model is full agreement with recent astronomical observations). Also there is Euler-Lagrange equation for scalar field that includes additional "friction" term and negative first partial derivative of unknown potential energy density (this equation is, in some way, similar to Klein-Gordon equation modified for cosmic expansion in Linde chaotic inflation scenario). Finally, total time derivative of the (constant) scalar field total energy density must be zero. It implies third dynamical equation which is equivalent to usual Euler-Lagrange equation with positive partial derivative of unknown potential energy density (this equation is formally exactly equivalent to corresponding equation in static Universe). Last two equations admit simple exact determination of scalar field and potential energy density, while cosmological constant stands a "free parameter". Potential energy density represents a square function of scalar field with unique maximum (dynamically non-stable point). Any initial scalar field tends (co-exponentially) during time toward the same final scalar field, argument of the maximum of the potential energy density. It admits a possibility that final dynamically non-stable scalar field value turns out spontaneously in any other scalar field value when all begins again (like Sisyphus boulder motion).

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2016

Definite solution of the two capacitor paradox (and two water bucket paradox)

In this work we suggest very simple solution of the two capacitors paradox in the completely ideal (without any electrical resistance or inductive) electrical circuit. Namely, it is shown that electrical field energy loss corresponds to works done by electrical fields of both capacitors by movement of the electrical charge. It is all and nothing more (some dissipation processes, e.g. Joule heating and electromagnetic wave emission effects) is necessary. Additionally, we shortly demonstrate a simple mechanical analogy of mentioned paradox and its solution. Concretely we consider two water buckets connected by a valve where is a seeming loss of the gravitational potential energy that can be explained by the work in the gravitational field.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2015

Bohr quantum theory of the magnetic monopoles and classical electron electromagnetic mass problem

In the first part of this work we apply Bohr (old or naive quantum atomic) theory for analysis of the remarkable electro-dynamical problem of magnetic monopoles. We reproduce formally exactly some basic elements of the Dirac magnetic monopoles theory, especially Dirac electric/magnetic charge quantization condition. It follows after application of Bohr theory at the system, simply called magnetic monopole "atom", consisting of the practically standing, massive magnetic monopole as the "nucleus" and electron rotating stable around magnetic monopole under magnetic and electrostatic interactions. Also, in the second part of this work we suggest a simple solution of the classical electron electromagnetic mass problem.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2015

A simplified quantum theoretical derivation of the Unruh and Hawking temperature

In this work we suggest a sufficiently simple for understanding "without knowing the details of the quantum gravity" and quite correct deduction of the Unruh temperature (but not whole Unruh radiation process!). Firstly, we shall directly apply usual consequences of the Unruh radiation and temperature at surface gravity of a large spherical physical system and we shall show that corresponding thermal energy can be formally quite correctly presented as the potential energy absolute value of the classical gravitational interaction between this large and a small quantum system with well defined characteristics. Secondly, we shall inversely "postulate" small quantum system with necessary well defined characteristics and then, after "supposition" on the equivalence between potential energy absolute value of its gravitational interaction with large system with thermal energy, we shall obtain exact value of the Unruh temperature. Moreover, by very simple and correct application of suggested formalism (with small quantum system) at thermodynamic laws, we shall successfully study other thermodynamic characteristics, especially entropy, characteristic for Unruh and Hawking radiation

gr-qc↗

arXiv2015

Gizza Pyramidas and Taurus constellation

In this work we apply generalized A. Sparavigna method (use of freely available softwares (programs), e.g. http://www.sollumis.com/, http://suncalc.net/#/44.557,22.0265,13/2014.12.29/09:22, http://universimmedia.pagesperso-orange.fr/geo/loc.htm, http://www.spectralcalc.com/solar_calculator/solar_position.php and http://www.fourmilab.ch/cgi-bin/Yourhorizon) for analysis of possible astronomical characteristics of three remarkable Giza, i.e. Cheops, Chephren and Mikerin pyramids. Concretely, we use mentioned programs for determination of the Giza plateau longitude and latitude, moments of the sunrise and sunset for any day at the Giza plateau, and, simulation of the sky horizon above Giza plateau in any moment of any day, respectively. In this way we obtain a series of the figures which unambiguously imply the following original results. Any of three remarkable Giza pyramids (Cheops, Chephren and Mikerin) holds only one characteristic edge between apex and north-west vertex of the base so that sunrise direction overlap almost exactly this edge during 28. October. (There is a small declination of the overlap date by Chephren pyramid by which overlap date is approximately 23. or 24. October.) Simultaneously, in the sunset moment for the same day, Taurus constellation (corresponding to holly bull in ancient Egypt mythology) appears at a point at the very eastern boundary of the sky horizon.

physics.pop-ph↗

arXiv2015

Was Lepenski Vir an ancient Sun or Pleiades observatory?

In this work we consider some old hypotheses according to which remarkable mesolithic village Lepenski Vir (9500 -- 5500 BC) at the right (nearly west) Danube riverside in the Iron gate in Serbia was an ancient (one of the oldest) Sun observatory. We use method recently suggested by A. C. Sparavigna, concretely we use "freely available software" or local Sun radiation direction simulation computer programs. In this way we obtain and discuss pictures of the sunrise in the Lepenski Vir during winter and summer solstice and spring and autumn equinox in relation to position of the mountains, especially Treskavac (Trescovat) and Kukuvija at left (nearly east) Danube riverside (in Romania). While mountain Kukuvija represents really the marker for the Sun in date of the winter solstice, mountain Treskavac, in despite to usual opinions, does not represent a real marker for the Sun in date of the summer solstice. Sun rises behind Treskavac, roughly speaking, between 22.April and 1. May. It corresponds to year period when heliacal rising of the Pleiades constellation occurs, which by many ancient cultures, e.g. Celts of northern Europe, denotes very beginning of the year. All this, in common with some archeological facts (house-shrine No.47 in the Lepenski Vir holds seven signs beside hearth which would correspond to the seven Pleiades stars), opens a possibility that Lepenski Vir was an ancient Pleiades constellation observatory.

physics.hist-ph↗

arXiv2014

A simple solution of the proton spin crisis and supersymmetry crisis

In this work we suggest a simple theoretical model of the proton able to effectively solve proton spin crisis. Within domain of applicability of this simple model proton consists only of two u quarks and one d quarks (two of which have spin opposite to proton and one identical to proton) and one neutral vector phi meson (with spin two times larger than proton spin and directed identically to proton spin). This model is in full agreement not only with existing DIS experiments, but also with spin and electric charge conservation as well as in a satisfactory agreement with rest mass-energy conservation (since phi meson mass is close to proton rest mass). Our model opens an interesting possibility of the solution of the quarks and leptons families problem (proton is not an absolutely non-strange particle, but only a particle with almost totally effectively hidden strange). Also we suggest a possible "first step" toward the solution of the supersymmetry crisis using so-called superexclusion principle. According to this principle usual particles (electron, neutrino,...) can exist actually and virtually, while their supersymmetric partners, s-particles (selectron, neutralino, ...) can exist (super)exclusively virtually but not actually.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2012

Mpemba effect, Newton cooling law and heat transfer equation

In this work we suggest a simple theoretical solution of the Mpemba effect in full agreement with known experimental data. This solution follows simply as an especial approximation (linearization) of the usual heat (transfer) equation, precisely linearization of the second derivation of the space part of the temperature function (as it is well-known Newton cooling law can be considered as the effective approximation of the heat (transfer) equation for constant space part of the temperature function).

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2012

K-MOND (with "Dark Matter" as a distinction between Inertial and Gravitational Mass)

In this work we definitely prove a possibility that Milgrom's modified Newtonian dynamics, MOND, can be consistently interpreted as a theory with the modified kinetic terms of the usual Newtonain dynamics, simply called k-MOND. Precisely, we suggest only a functional dependence between inertial and gravitational mass tending toward identity in the limit of large accelerations (characteristic for Newtonian dynamics and its relativistic generalizations) but which behaves as a principal non-identity in the limit of small accelerations (smaller than Milgrom's acceleration constant). This functional dependence implies a generalization of the kinetic terms (without any change of the gravitational potential energy terms) in the usual Newtonain dynamics including generalization of corresponding Lagrange formalism. Such generalized dynamics, k-MOND, is identical to Milgrom's MOND. Also, mentioned k-MOND distinction between inertial and gravitational mass would be formally treated as "dark matter".

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Is OPERA Neutrino Superluminal Propagation similar to Gain-Assisted Superluminal Light Propagation

In this work we consider a possible conceptual similarity between recent, amazing OPERA experiment of the superluminal propagation of neutrino and experiment of the gain-assisted superluminal light propagation realized about ten years ago. Last experiment refers on the propagation of the light, precisely laser pulse through a medium, precisely caesium atomic gas, with characteristic anomalous dispersion and corresponding negative group-velocity index with very large amplitude between two closely spaced gain lines (that is in some way similar to quantum theory of the ferromagnetism). It implies superluminal propagation of the light through this medium. Nevertheless all this, at it has been pointed out by authors, "is not at odds with causality or special relativity", since it simply represents "a direct consequence of the classical interference between ... different frequency components". We suggest that OPERA experiment can be in some way conceptually similar to the gain-assisted superluminal light propagation experiment. For this reason we suppose too that OPERA experiment can be simply explained in full agreement with causality and special relativity if there is some medium, precisely a scalar field (e.g. dark matter field, Higgs field or similar) through which neutrino propagates. We prove that, according to OPERA experiment data, supposed medium must be non-dispersive while its refractive index must be positive, smaller but relatively close to 1 (that is in some way similar to quantum theory of the diamagnetism). If it is true OPERA experiment results do not mean that special theory of relativity is broken, but they mean detection of suggested medium, i.e. a scalar field (e.g. dark matter field, Higgs field or similar).

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2011

Complete Quantum Thermodynamics of the Black Body Photon Gas

Kelly and Leff demonstrated and discussed formal and conceptual similarities between basic thermodynamic formulas for the classical ideal gas and black body photon gas. Leff pointed out that thermodynamic formulas for the photon gas cannot be deduced completely by thermodynamic methods since these formulas hold two characteristic parameters, {\it r} and {\it b}, whose accurate values can be obtained exclusively by accurate methods of the quantum statistics (by explicit use of the Planck's or Bose-Einstein distribution). In this work we prove that the complete quantum thermodynamics of the black body photon gas can be done by simple, thermodynamic (non-statistical) methods. We prove that both mentioned parameters and corresponding variables (photons number and pressure) can be obtained very simply and practically exactly (with relative error about few percent), by non-statistical (without any use of the Planck's or Bose-Einstein distribution), quantum thermodynamic methods. Corner-stone of these methods represents a quantum thermodynamic stability condition that is, in some degree, very similar to quantum stability condition in the Bohr quantum atomic theory (de Broglie's interpretation of the Bohr quantization postulate). Finally, we discuss conceptual similarities between black body photon gas entropy and Bekenstein-Hawking black hole entropy.

physics.gen-ph↗