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Xiao-Gang He

Publications and source records attributed to Xiao-Gang He.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

B decays with $τ$-leptons in non-universal left-right models

Recent measurements of semileptonic $B$-meson decays into $τ$-leptons are somewhat higher than expected in the standard model. Although the deviations are less than 3$σ$, they suggest the possibility of new physics affecting primarily the $τ$-lepton. In this paper we examine these results within the context of non-universal left-right models. We find that strong constraints from $b\to s γ$ on $W-W^\prime$ mixing lead to a prediction of approximately equal enhancements for the $B\to D τν$ and the $B\to D^\star τν$ modes. The model predicts approximately the same enhancement for the inclusive semileptonic rate $\bar{B} \to X_c τν$ as well as for the leptonic decay $B_c^-\to τ^- ν$. An enhancement in the leptonic decay $B^-\to τ^-ν$ is also possible but is not uniquely correlated with the other modes. For this explanation to be viable, the mass of the non-universal $W^\prime$ would be below 1 TeV, within LHC reach.

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Radiative Two Loop Inverse Seesaw and Dark Matter

Seesaw mechanism provides a natural explanation of light neutrino masses through suppression of heavy seesaw scale. In inverse seesaw models the seesaw scale can be much lower than that in the usual seesaw models. If terms inducing seesaw masses are further induced by loop corrections, the seesaw scale can be lowered to be in the range probed by experiments at the LHC without fine tuning. In this paper we construct models in which inverse seesaw neutrino masses are generated at two loop level. These models also naturally have dark matter candidates. Although the recent data from Xenon100 put stringent constraint on the models, they can be consistent with data on neutrino masses, mixing, dark matter relic density and direct detection. These models also have some interesting experimental signatures for collider and flavor physics.

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Hints of Standard Model Higgs Boson at the LHC and Light Dark Matter Searches

The most recent results of searches at the LHC for the Higgs boson h have turned up possible hints of such a particle with mass m_h about 125 GeV consistent with standard model (SM) expectations. This has many potential implications for the SM and beyond. We consider some of them in the contexts of a simple Higgs-portal dark matter (DM) model, the SM plus a real gauge-singlet scalar field D as the DM candidate, and a couple of its variations. In the simplest model with one Higgs doublet and three or four generations of fermions, for D mass m_D < m_h/2 the invisible decay h -> DD tends to have a substantial branching ratio. If future LHC data confirm the preliminary Higgs indications, m_D will have to exceed m_h/2. To keep the DM lighter than m_h/2, one will need to extend the model and also satisfy constraints from DM direct searches. The latter can be accommodated if the model provides sizable isospin violation in the DM-nucleon interactions. We explore this in a two-Higgs-doublet model combined with the scalar field D. This model can offer a 125-GeV SM-like Higgs and a light DM candidate having isospin-violating interactions with nucleons at roughly the required level, albeit with some degree of fine-tuning.

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The $α$, $β$ and $γ$ parameterizations of CP violating CKM phase

The CKM matrix describing quark mixing with three generations can be parameterized by three mixing angles and one CP violating phase. In most of the parameterizations, the CP violating phase chosen is not a directly measurable quantity and is parametrization dependent. In this work, we propose to use experimentally measurable CP violating quantities, $α$, $β$ or $γ$ in the unitarity triangle as the phase in the CKM matrix, and construct explicit $α$, $β$ and $γ$ parameterizations. Approximate Wolfenstein-like expressions are also suggested.

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Comment on Reparametrization Invariance of Quark-Lepton Complementarity

We study the complementarity between quark and lepton mixing angles (QLC), the sum of an angle in quark mixing and the corresponding angle in lepton mixing is $π/4$. Experimentally in the standard PDG parametrization, two such relations exist approximately. These QLC relations are accidental which only manifest themselves in the PDG parametrization. We propose reparametrization invariant expressions for the complementarity relations in terms of the magnitude of the elements in the quark and lepton mixing matrices. In the exact QLC limit, it is found that $|V_{us}/V_{ud}| + |V_{e2}/V_{e1}| + |V_{us}/V_{ud}| |V_{e2}/V_{e1}| =1$ and $|V_{cb}/V_{tb}| + |V_{μ3}/V_{τ3}| +|V_{cb}/V_{tb}|| {V_{μ3}}/V_{τ3}| =1$. Expressions with deviations from exact complementarity are obtained. Implications of these relations are also discussed.

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Colored Scalars And The CDF $W+$dijet Excess

The recent data on $W+$dijet excess reported by CDF may be interpreted as the associated production of a $W$ and a new particle of mass about 150 GeV which subsequently decays into two hadron jets. We study the possibility of explaining the $W+$dijet excess by colored scalar bosons. There are several colored scalars which can have tree level renormalizable Yukawa couplings with two quarks, $({\bf 8}, {\bf 2},1/2)$, $(\bar{\bf 6}({\bf 3}), {\bf 3}({\bf 1}), -1/3)$, $(\bar {\bf 6}({\bf 3}), {\bf 1}, -4/3(2/3))$. If one of these scalars has a mass about 150 GeV, being colored it can naturally explain why the excess only shows up in the form of two hadron jets. Although the required production cross section and mass put constraints on model parameters and rule out some possible scenarios when confronted with other existing data, in particular FCNC data, we find that there are strong constraints on the Yukawa couplings of these scalars. Without forcing the couplings to be some special texture forms most of the scalars, except the $({\bf 3}, {\bf 3}, -1/3)$, are in trouble with FCNC data. We also study some features for search of these new particles at the RHIC and the LHC and find that related information can help further to distinguish different models.

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Implications of Recent Data on Neutrino Mixing and Lepton Flavour Violating Decays for the Zee Model

We study implications of recent data on neutrino mixing from T2K, MINOS, Double Chooz and $μ\to e γ$ from MEG for the Zee model. The simplest version of this model has been shown to be ruled out by experimental data some time ago. The general Zee model is still consistent with recent data. We demonstrate this with a constrained Zee model based on naturalness consideration. In this constrained model, only inverted mass hierarchy for neutrino masses is allowed, and $θ_{13}$ must be non-zero in order to have correct ratio for neutrino mass-squared differences and for mixing in solar and atmospherical neutrino oscillations. The best fit value of our model for $θ_{13}$ is $8.91°$ from T2K and MINOS data, very close to the central value obtained by Double Chooz experiment. There are solutions with non-zero CP violation with the Jarlskog parameter predicted in the range $\pm 0.039$, $\pm 0.044$ and $\pm 0.048$ respectively for a 1$σ$, 2$σ$ and 3$σ$ ranges of other input parameters. However, without any constraint on the $θ_{13}$-parameter above respective ranges become $\pm 0.049$, $\pm 0.053$ and $\pm 0.056$. We analyse different cases to obtain a branching ratio for $μ\to e γ$ close to the recent MEG bound. We also discuss other radiative as well as the charged trilepton flavour violating decay modes of the $τ$-lepton.

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An extended scalar sector to address the tension between a fourth generation and Higgs searches at the LHC

It is expected that the LHC will soon discover the Higgs boson, or that failure to find it will severely constrain its production cross-section over a large mass range. Either one of these results spells trouble for a fourth generation that significantly enhances the Higgs production cross-section at LHC. In fact the LHC has already ruled out a SM Higgs mass in the range of 120 GeV to 600 GeV with a fourth generation at the 95% C.L. In this paper we explore options within extended scalar sectors to maintain the viability of a heavy fourth generation if an enhanced (relative to the Standard Model) Higgs production cross-section is not observed.

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LHC Evidence Of A 126 GeV Higgs Boson From $H \to γγ$ With Three And Four Generations

Searches for Higgs boson at the LHC have excluded standard model (SM) Higgs boson mass in the range between 127 GeV to 600 GeV. With a fourth generation, the excluded range is wider. To close the windows between 114 GeV to 127 GeV, the mode $H \to γγ$ plays an important role. There are evidences that the Higgs boson mass is about 126 GeV from LHC data. $H\to γγ$ can occur at one loop level in the SM. In the SM with three generations (SM3), the dominant contribution is from W boson with some cancellation from top quark in the loop. With SM4, the large mass of the fourth generation quarks and charged lepton cancel the W boson contribution significantly, the decay width is suppressed by a factorin the range of 0.25 $\sim$ 0.55 for the fourth generation mass in the range of 500 to 1000 GeV. This reduction factor makes $σ(pp\to H X)Br(H\to γγ)$ for SM4 comparable to that for SM3 for Higgs boson mass in the window allowed mentioned earlier. Using $H \to γγ$ alone, therefore, it is difficult at present to distinguish whether the Higgs boson is from SM3 or SM4. We also comments on some other detection channels.

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Dispersion Relations Explaining OPERA Data From Deformed Lorentz Transformation

OPERA collaboration has reported evidence of superluminal phenomenon for neutrinos. One of the possible ways to explain the superluminality is to have Lorentz symmetry violated. It has been shown that dispersion relations put forwards has the problem of physics laws vary in different inertial frames leading to conflicting results on Cherenkov-like radiation, pion decay and high energy neutrino cosmic ray. For theories with deformed Lorentz symmetry, by modifying conservation laws corresponding to energy and momentum in the usual Lorentz invariant theory, it is possible to have superluminal effect and at the same time avoid to have conflicts encountered in Lorentz violating theories. We study dispersion relations from deformed Lorentz symmetry. We find that it is possible to have dispersion relations which can be consistent with data on neutrinos. We show that once the superluminality $δv$ as a function of energy is known the corresponding dispersion relation in the deformed Lorentz symmetry can be determined.

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The CDF dijet excess from intrinsic quarks

The CDF collaboration reported an excess in the production of two jets in association with a $W$. We discuss constraints on possible new particle state interpretations of this excess. The fact of no statistically significant deviation from the SM expectation for {$Z$+dijet} events in CDF data disfavors the new particle explanation. We show that the nucleon intrinsic strange quarks provide an important contribution to the $W$ boson production in association with a single top quark production. Such {$W$+t} single top quark production can contribute to the CDF {$W$+dijet} excess, thus the nucleon intrinsic quarks can provide a possible explanation to the CDF excess in {$W$+dijet} but not in {$Z$+dijet} events.

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Lifshitz theories with extra dimensions and 3+1-d Lorentz invariance

We construct Lifshitz scalar field theories in 4+1 dimensions which retain 3+1-d Lorentz invariance and therefore ensure a unique limiting speed in the 3+1-d world. Such a construction is potentially useful in developing field-theoretic ultraviolet completions of extra-dimensional field theories. The extra dimension y is treated asymmetrically from the usual three spatial dimensions by introducing derivatives of order 2n with respect to y in the action. We show that lambda phi^4 theory becomes progressively less non-renormalisable by power counting as n is increased. This suggests that the non-local theory obtained in the infinite-n limit may be complete in the ultraviolet.

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R$ν$MDM and Lepton Flavor Violation

A model relating radiative seesaw and minimal dark matter mass scales without beyond the standard model (SM) gauge symmetry (R$ν$MDM) is constructed. In addition to the SM particles, the R$ν$MDM contains, a Majorana fermion multiplet $N_R$ and scalar multiplet $χ$ that transform respectively as $(1,5,0)$ and $(1,6,-1/2)$ under the SM gauge group $SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$. The neutral component $N_R^0$ plays the role of dark matter with a mass in the range of 9 to 10 TeV. This scale also sets the lower limit for the scale for the heavy degrees of freedom in $N_R$ and $χ$ which generate light neutrino masses through the radiative seesaw mechanism. The model predicts an $N_R^0$-nucleus scattering cross section that would be accessible with future dark matter direct detection searches as well as observable effects in present and searches for charged lepton flavor violating processes, such as $l_i\to l_j γ$ and $μ- e$ conversion.

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Hidden Higgs Boson at the LHC and Light Dark Matter Searches

Recent LHC searches have not found a clear signal of the Higgs boson h of the standard model (SM) with three or four families in the mass range m_h = 120-600 GeV. If the Higgs had an unexpectedly large invisible branching ratio, the excluded m_h regions would shrink. This can be realized in the simplest weakly interacting massive particle dark matter (DM) model, which is the SM plus a real gauge-singlet scalar field D as the DM, via the invisible mode h -> DD. Current data allow this decay to occur for D-mass values near, but below, m_h/2 and those compatible with the light DM hypothesis. For such D masses, h -> DD can dominate the Higgs width depending on m_h, and thus sizable portions of the m_h exclusion zones in the SM with three or four families may be recovered. Increased luminosity at the LHC may even reveal a Higgs having SM-like visible decays still hiding in the presently disallowed regions. The model also accommodates well the new possible DM hints from CRESST-II and will be further tested by improved data from future DM direct searches.

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Color-octet scalars and potentially large CP violation at the LHC

We consider the phenomenology of CP violation in a color-octet extended scalar sector for t\bar{t} production and decay at the LHC. In particular we study the effect of the two neutral color-octet scalars S_I and S_R that occur in the model. There are two new sources of CP violation: a phase in the couplings of S_{I,R} to top-quarks; and two phases in the quartic couplings of the scalar potential. In resonant production of a single S_{I,R} followed by its decay into t\bar{t} pairs through the parton level process gg to S_{I,R} to t\bar{t}, we find large raw CP asymmetries which can reach 12%. These raw asymmetries are, of course, diluted by standard model (SM) t\bar{t} pairs making observation of CP violation contingent on whether the resonance itself can be extracted from the SM background.

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Minimal Modification to Tri-bimaximal Mixing

We explore some ways of minimally modifying the neutrino mixing matrix from tribimaximal, characterized by introducing at most one mixing angle and a CP violating phase thus extending our earlier work. One minimal modification, motivated to some extent by group theoretic considerations, is a simple case with the elements $V_{α2}$ of the second column in the mixing matrix equal to $1/\sqrt{3}$. Modifications by keeping one of the columns or one of the rows unchanged from tri-bimaximal mixing all belong to the class of minimal modification. Some of the cases have interesting experimentally testable consequences. In particular, the T2K and MINOS collaborations have recently reported indications of a non-zero $θ_{13}$. For the cases we consider, the new data sharply constrain the CP violating phase angle $δ$, with $δ$ close to 0 (in some cases) and $π$ disfavored.

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A Higgs Quadruplet for Type III Seesaw and Implications for $μ\to eγ$ and $μ- e$ Conversion

In Type III seesaw model the heavy neutrinos are contained in leptonic triplet representations. The Yukawa couplings of the triplet fermion and the left-handed neutrinos with the doublet Higgs field produce the Dirac mass terms. Together with the Majorana masses for the leptonic triplets, the light neutrinos obtain non-zero seesaw masses. We point out that it is also possible to have a quadruplet Higgs field to produce the Dirac mass terms to facilitate the seesaw mechanism. The vacuum expectation value of the quadruplet Higgs is constrained to be small by electroweak precision data. Therefore the Yukawa couplings of a quadruplet can be much larger than those for a doublet. We also find that unlike the usual Type III seesaw model where at least two copies of leptonic triplets are needed, with both doublet and quadruplet Higgs representations, just one leptonic triplet is possible to have a phenomenologically acceptable model because light neutrino masses can receive sizable contributions at both tree and one loop levels. Large Yukawa couplings of the quadruplet can induce observable effects for lepton flavor violating processes $μ\to e γ$ and $μ- e$ conversion. Implications of the recent $μ\to eγ$ limit from MEG and also limit on $μ- e $ conversion on Au are also given. Some interesting collider signatures for the doubly charged Higgs boson in the quadruplet are discussed.

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Quartification with T' Flavor

In the simplest (non-quiver) unified theories, fermion families are often treated sequentially and a flavor symmetry may act similarly. As an alternative with non-sequential flavor symmetry, we consider a model based on the group (T'*Z_2)_global * [SU(3)^4]_local which combines the predictions of T' flavor symmetry with the features of a unified quiver gauge theory. The model accommodates the relationships between mixing angles separately for neutrinos, and for quarks, which have been previously predicted with T'. This quiver unification theory makes predictions of several additional gauge bosons and bifundamental fermions at the TeV scale.

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