arXiv subjects

Xiaohui Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Xiaohui Liu.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

arXiv2016

Fast implementation of the Tukey depth

Tukey depth function is one of the most famous multivariate tools serving robust purposes. It is also very well known for its computability problems in dimensions $p \ge 3$. In this paper, we address this computing issue by presenting two combinatorial algorithms. The first is naive and calculates the Tukey depth of a single point with complexity $O\left(n^{p-1}\log(n)\right)$, while the second further utilizes the quasiconcave of the Tukey depth function and hence is more efficient than the first. Both require very minimal memory and run much faster than the existing ones. All experiments indicate that they compute the exact Tukey depth.

stat.CO↗

arXiv2016

$W$-boson production in association with a jet at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD

We present the complete calculation of $W$-boson production in association with a jet in hadronic collisions through next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. To cancel infrared divergences we introduce a new subtraction method that exploits the fact that the $N$-jettiness event-shape variable fully captures the singularity structure of QCD amplitudes with final-state partons. This method holds for processes with an arbitrary number of jets, and is easily implemented into existing frameworks for higher-order calculations. We present initial phenomenological results for $W$+jet production at the LHC. The NNLO corrections are small and lead to a significantly reduced theoretical error, opening the door to precision measurements in the $W$+jet channel at the LHC.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

A comparison of NNLO QCD predictions with 7 TeV ATLAS and CMS data for $V$+jet processes

We perform a detailed comparison of next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD predictions for the W+jet and Z+jet processes with 7 TeV experimental data from ATLAS and CMS. We observe excellent agreement between theory and data for most studied observables, which span several orders of magnitude in both cross section and energy. For some observables, such as the $H_T$ distribution, the NNLO QCD corrections are essential for resolving existing discrepancies between theory and data.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Z-boson production in association with a jet at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD

We present the first complete calculation of Z-boson production in association with a jet in hadronic collisions through next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. Our computation uses the recently-proposed N-jettiness subtraction scheme to regulate the infrared divergences that appear in the real-emission contributions. We present phenomenological results for 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with fully realistic fiducial cuts on the final-state particles. The remaining theoretical uncertainties after the inclusion of our calculations are at the percent-level, making the Z+jet channel ready for precision studies at the LHC Run II.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

Color singlet production at NNLO in MCFM

We present the implementation of several color-singlet final-state processes at Next-to-Next-to Leading Order (NNLO) accuracy in QCD to the publicly available parton-level Monte Carlo program MCFM. Specifically we discuss the processes $pp\rightarrow H$, $pp\rightarrow Z$, $pp\rightarrow W$, $pp\rightarrow HZ$, $pp\rightarrow HW$ and $pp\rightarrowγγ$. Decays of the unstable bosons are fully included, resulting in a flexible fully differential Monte Carlo code. The NNLO corrections have been calculated using the non-local $N$-jettiness subtraction approach. Special attention is given to the numerical aspects of running MCFM for these processes at this order. We pay particular attention to the systematic uncertainties due to the power corrections induced by the $N$-jettiness regularization scheme and the evaluation time needed to run the hybrid openMP/MPI version of MCFM at NNLO on multi-processor systems.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2016

The limit of finite sample breakdown point of Tukey's halfspace median for general data

Under special conditions on data set and underlying distribution, the limit of finite sample breakdown point of Tukey's halfspace median ($\frac{1} {3}$) has been obtained in literature. In this paper, we establish the result under \emph{weaker assumption} imposed on underlying distribution (halfspace symmetry) and on data set (not necessary in general position). The representation of Tukey's sample depth regions for data set \emph{not necessary in general position} is also obtained, as a by-product of our derivation.

math.ST↗

arXiv2016

Finite sample breakdown point of Tukey's halfspace median

Tukey's halfspace median ($\HM$), servicing as the {multivariate} counterpart of the univariate median, has been introduced and extensively studied in the literature. It is supposed and expected to preserve robustness property (the most outstanding property) of the univariate median. One of prevalent quantitative assessments of robustness is finite sample breakdown point (FSBP). Indeed, the FSBP of many multivariate medians have been identified, except for the most prevailing one---the Tukey's halfspace median. This paper presents a precise result on FSBP for Tukey's halfspace median. The result here depicts the complete prospect of the global robustness of $\HM$ in the \emph{finite sample} practical scenario, revealing the dimension effect on the breakdown point robustness and complimenting the existing \emph{asymptotic} breakdown point result.

math.ST↗

arXiv2016

Some results on the computing of Tukey's halfspace medain

Depth of the Tukey median is investigated for empirical distributions. A sharper upper bound is provided for this value for data sets in general position. This bound is lower than the existing one in the literature, and more importantly derived under the \emph{fixed} sample size practical scenario. Several results obtained in this paper are interesting theoretically and useful as well to reduce the computational burden of the Tukey median practically when $p$ is large relative to large $n$.

math.ST↗

arXiv2016

RG-improved Prediction for 750 GeV Resonance Production at the LHC

We present a renormalization-group (RG) improved prediction for $750$ GeV heavy state production recently seen as the diphoton excess at the LHC. Due to the universality of QCD feature in the threshold region, our result provides reasonable estimate of the K-factor for most existing leading order predictions, independent of the specific nature of the resonance. We consider specifically the spin-$2$ warped Kaluza-Klein graviton model to highlight our calculation. We performed soft gluon resummation near threshold at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy together with resumming enhanced corrections from a towers of $π^2$ due to analytic continuation. We find the resummation effects are significant. When matching our resummed result to next-to-leading order calculation, we find our improved predictions exceed the leading fixed-order results by about $56\%$ ($K=1.56$) for the LHC energies at 13 TeV and 14 TeV, and about $63\%$ ($K=1.63$) for 8 TeV.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Jet vetoes versus giant K-factors in the exclusive Z+1-jet cross section

We perform a detailed study of the exclusive Z+1-jet cross section at the 13 TeV LHC, motivated by the importance of similar exclusive cross sections in understanding the production of the Higgs boson in the W^+W^- final state. We point out a feature of the ATLAS analysis that has significant impact on the theoretical predictions: the jet-isolation criterion implemented by ATLAS effectively allows dijet events where an energetic jet is collinear to a final-state lepton. This process contains a giant $K$-factor arising from the collinear emission of a Z-boson from the dijet configuration. This overwhelms the effect of the jet-veto logarithms, making it difficult to test their resummation in this process. We provide numerical results that demonstrate the interplay between the jet-veto logarithms and the giant K-factor in the theoretical prediction. We study several observables, including the transverse momentum distributions of the leading jet and the Z-boson, in the exclusive Z+1-jet process, and discuss their sensitivity to both the giant K-factor and the jet-veto logarithms. We suggest a modified isolation criterion that removes the giant K-factor and allows for a direct test of the jet-veto resummation framework in the exclusive Z+1-jet process.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Higgs boson production in association with a jet at NNLO using jettiness subtraction

We use the recently proposed jettiness-subtraction scheme to provide the complete calculation of Higgs boson production in association with a jet in hadronic collisions through next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. This method exploits the observation that the $N$-jettiness event-shape variable completely describes the singularity structure of QCD when final-state colored particles are present. Our results are in agreement with a recent computation of the $gg$ and $qg$ partonic initial states based on sector-improved residue subtraction. We present phenomenological results for both fiducial cross sections and distributions at the LHC.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

The N-jettiness soft function at next-to-next-to-leading order

We present a general framework for the calculation of soft functions for SCET_I observables through next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the strong coupling constant. As an example of our formalism we show how it can be used to obtain the complete NNLO soft function for the $N$-jettiness event shape variable. We present numerical results for two examples with phenomenological impact: the one-jettiness soft function for both electron-proton and proton-proton collisions.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

The 1-Jettiness DIS Spectrum: Factorization, Resummation, and Jet Algorithm Dependence

The 1-Jettiness (tau_1) event shape for Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS), allows for a quantitative and global description of the pattern of QCD radiation for single jet (J) production in electron-nucleus (N_A) collisions e^- + N_A \to e^- + J + X. It allows for precision studies of QCD and is a sensitive probe of nuclear structure and dynamics. The large transverse momentum (P_{J_T}) of the final state jet $J$, characterizes the hard scale in the problem. The region of phase space where tau_1 << P_{J_T}, corresponds to configurations where energetic radiation (E~ P_{J_T}) is only along either the single jet direction or the beam direction with only soft radiation (E ~ τ_1 <<P_{J_T}) in between. Thus, the restriction tau_1 << P_{J_T} corresponds to a veto on additional jets and leads to large Sudakov logarithms of τ_1/P_{J_T} that must be resummed. Based on a factorization framework, derived using the Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), we provide resummation results at the NNLL level of accuracy and match them onto the NLO result in fixed order perturbation theory, appropriate in the τ_1 \sim P_{J_T} region where additional jets and hard radiation are allowed. The τ_1-distribution depends on the jet algorithm used to find the leading jet in the region tau_1 ~ P_{J_T}, unlike the resummation region where this dependence is power suppressed in tau_1/P_{J_T} << 1. We give results for the entire tau_1 spectrum, with a smooth matching between the resummation region and fixed-order region, where we make use of the anti-kt jet algorithm. The 1-Jettiness event shape can be a powerful probe of nuclear and QCD dynamics at future electron-ion colliders and by analyzing existing HERA data.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2015

Large-scale ab initio simulations based on systematically improvable atomic basis

We present a first-principles computer code package (ABACUS) that is based on density functional theory and numerical atomic basis sets. Theoretical foundations and numerical techniques used in the code are described, with focus on the accuracy and transferability of the hierarchical atomic basis sets as generated using a scheme proposed by Chen, Guo and He [J. Phys.:Condens. Matter \textbf{22}, 445501 (2010)]. Benchmark results are presented for a variety of systems include molecules, solids, surfaces, and defects. All results show that the ABACUS package with its associated atomic basis sets is an efficient and reliable tool for simulating both small and large-scale materials.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2014

Probing nuclear dynamics in jet production with a global event shape

We study single jet production in electron-nucleus collisions e^- + N_A -> J + X, using the 1-jettiness (τ_1) global event shape. It inclusively quantifies the pattern of radiation in the final state, gives enhanced sensitivity to soft radiation at wide angles from the nuclear beam and final-state jet, and facilitates the resummation of large Sudakov logarithms associated with the veto on additional jets. Through their effect on the observed pattern of radiation, 1-jettiness can be a useful probe of nuclear PDFs and power corrections from dynamical effects in the nuclear medium. This formalism allows for the standard jet shape analysis while simultaneously providing sensitivity to soft radiation at wide angles from the jet. We use a factorization framework for cross-sections differential in $τ_1$ and the transverse momentum (P_{J_T}) and rapidity (y) of the jet, in the region τ_1<< P_{J_T}. The restriction $τ_1 << P_{J_T}$ allows only soft radiation between the nuclear beam and jet directions, thereby acting as a veto on additional jets. This region is also insensitive to the details of the jet algorithm, allowing for better theoretical control over resummation, while providing enhanced sensitivity to nuclear medium effects. We give numerical results at leading twist, with resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) level of accuracy, for a variety of nuclear targets. Such studies would be ideal for the EIC and the LHeC proposals for a future electron-ion collider, where a range of nuclear targets are planned.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

The 1-Jettiness DIS event shape: NNLL + NLO results

We present results for the complete NNLL+NLO (~ α_s) 1-jettiness (τ_1) event shape distribution for single jet (J) production in electron-nucleus (N_A) collisions e^- + N_A \to e^- + J + X, in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) region where the hard scale is set by the jet transverse momentum P_{J_T}. These results cover the entire τ_1-spectrum including the resummation (τ_1<<P_{J_T}) and fixed-order (τ_1~ P_{J_T}) perturbative QCD regions. They incorporate non-perturbative soft radiation effects, the anti-k_T jet algorithm in the fixed-order calculation, and a smooth matching between the resummation and fixed-order perturbative QCD regions. The matching smoothly connects the spectrum in the resummation region, which can be computed without reference to an external jet algorithm, and the fixed-order region where an explicit jet algorithm must be specified. Our code, used for generating the numerical results, is flexible enough to incorporate different jet algorithms for the fixed-order calculation. We also perform a jet shape analysis, defined within the 1-jettiness framework, which allows one to control the amount of radiation included in the definition of the final state jet. This formalism can allow for detailed studies of jet energy-loss mechanisms and nuclear medium effects. The analysis presented here can be used for precision studies of QCD and as a probe of nuclear dynamics using data collected at HERA and in proposed future electron-ion colliders such as the EIC and the LHeC.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2014

Electric control of spin injection into a ferroelectric semiconductor

Electric-field control of spin-dependent properties has become one of the most attractive phenomena in modern materials research due the promise of new device functionalities. One of the paradigms in this approach is to electrically toggle the spin polarization of carriers injected into a semiconductor using ferroelectric polarization as a control parameter. Using first-principles density functional calculations, we explore the effect of ferroelectric polarization of electron-doped BaTiO3 (n-BaTiO3) on the spin-polarized transmission across the SrRuO3/n-BaTiO3 (001) interface. Our study reveals that the interface transmission is negatively spin-polarized and that ferroelectric polarization reversal leads to a change in the transport spin polarization from -65% to -98%. We show that this effect stems from the large difference in Fermi wave vectors between up- and down-spins in ferromagnetic SrRuO3 and a change in the transport regime driven by ferroelectric polarization switching. The predicted sizeable change in the spin polarization provides a non-volatile mechanism to electrically control spin injection in semiconductor-based spintronics devices.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2014

High precision predictions for exclusive $VH$ production at the LHC

We present a resummation-improved prediction for $VH$ + 0 jets production at the Large Hadron Collider. We focus on highly-boosted final states in the presence of jet veto to suppress the $t{\bar t}$ background. In this case, conventional fixed-order calculations are plagued by the existence of large Sudakov logarithms $α_s^n \log^m (p_T^{veto}/Q)$ for $Q\sim m_V + m_H$ which lead to unreliable predictions as well as large theoretical uncertainties, and thus limit the accuracy when comparing experimental measurements to the Standard Model. In this work, we show that the resummation of Sudakov logarithms beyond the next-to-next-to-leading-log accuracy, combined with the next-to-next-to-leading order calculation, reduces the scale uncertainty and stabilizes the perturbative expansion in the region where the vector bosons carry large transverse momentum. Our result improves the precision with which Higgs properties can be determined from LHC measurements using boosted Higgs techniques.

hep-ph↗