arXiv subjects

Xuan Thinh Duong

Publications and source records attributed to Xuan Thinh Duong.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2018

Lower bound of Riesz transform kernels revisited and commutators on stratified Lie groups

Let $\mathcal G$ be a stratified Lie group and $\{\X_j\}_{1 \leq j \leq n}$ a basis for the left-invariant vector fields of degree one on $\mathcal G$. Let $Δ= \sum_{j = 1}^n \X_j^2 $ be the sub-Laplacian on $\mathcal G$ and the $j^{\mathrm{th}}$ Riesz transform on $\mathcal G$ is defined by $R_j:= \X_j (-Δ)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$, $1 \leq j \leq n$. In this paper we give a new version of the lower bound of the kernels of Riesz transform $R_j$ and then establish the Bloom-type two weight estimates as well as a number of endpoint characterisations for the commutators of the Riesz transforms and BMO functions, including the $L\log^+L(\mathcal G)$ to weak $L^1(\mathcal G)$, $H^1(\mathcal G)$ to $L^1(\mathcal G)$ and $L^\infty(\mathcal G)$ to BMO$(\mathcal G)$. Moreover, we also study the behaviour of the Riesz transform kernel on a special case of stratified Lie group: the Heisenberg group, and then we obtain the weak type $(1,1)$ characterisations for the Riesz commutators.

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arXiv2018

Lower bound of Riesz transform kernels and Commutator Theorems on stratified nilpotent Lie groups

We provide a study of the Riesz transforms on stratified nilpotent Lie groups, and obtain a certain version of the pointwise lower bound of the Riesz transform kernel. Then we establish the characterisation of the BMO space on stratified nilpotent Lie groups via the boundedness of the commutator of the Riesz transforms and the BMO function. This extends the well-known Coifman, Rochberg, Weiss theorem from Euclidean space to the setting of stratified nilpotent Lie groups. In particular, these results apply to the well-known example of the Heisenberg group. As an application, we also study the curl operator on the Heisenberg group and stratified nilpotent Lie groups, and establish the div-curl lemma with respect to the Hardy space on stratified nilpotent Lie groups.

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arXiv2017

Product BMO, little BMO and Riesz Commutators in the Bessel setting

In this paper, we study the product BMO space, little bmo space and their connections with the corresponding commutators associated with Bessel operators studied by Weinstein, Huber, and by Muckenhoupt-Stein. We first prove that the product BMO space in the Bessel setting can be used to prove the boundedness of the iterated commutators with the Bessel Riesz transforms. We next study the little $\rm bmo$ space in this Bessel setting and obtain the equivalent characterization of this space in terms of commutators. We further show that in analogy with the classical setting, the little $\rm bmo$ space is a proper subspace of the product $\rm BMO$ space. These extend the previous related results studied by Cotlar-Sadosky and Ferguson-Sadosky on the bidisc to the Bessel setting.

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arXiv2017

Two weight commutators for Beurling--Ahlfors operator

We establish the equivalent characterisation of the weighted BMO space on the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$ via the two weight commutator of the Beurling--Ahlfors operator with a BMO function. Our method of proofs relies on the explicit kernel of the Beurling--Ahlfors operator and the properties of Muckenhoupt weight class.

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arXiv2017

Equivalence of Littlewood-Paley square function and area function characterizations of weighted product Hardy spaces associated to operators

Let $L_{1}$ and $L_{2}$ be non-negative self-adjoint operators acting on $L^{2}(X_{1})$ and $L^{2}(X_{2})$, respectively, where $X_{1}$ and $X_{2}$ are spaces of homogeneous type. Assume that $L_{1}$ and $L_{2}$ have Gaussian heat kernel bounds. This paper aims to study some equivalent characterizations of the weighted product Hardy spaces $H^{p}_{w,L_{1},L_{2}}(X_{1}\times X_{2})$ associated to $L_{1}$ and $L_{2}$, for $p \in (0, \infty)$ and the weight $w$ belongs to the product Muckenhoupt class $A_{\infty}(X_{1} \times X_{2})$. Our main result is that the spaces $H^{p}_{w,L_{1},L_{2}}(X_{1}\times X_{2})$ introduced via area functions can be equivalently characterized by Littlewood-Paley $g$-functions, Littlewood-Paley $g^{\ast}_{λ_{1}, λ_{2}}$-functions, and Peetre type maximal functions, without any further assumptions beyond the Gaussian upper bounds on the heat kernels of $L_{1}$ and $L_{2}$. Our results are new even in the unweighted product setting.

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arXiv2017

Commutators, Little BMO and Weak Factorization

In this paper, we provide a direct and constructive proof of weak factorization of $h^1(\mathbb{R})$ (the predual of little BMO space bmo$(\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R})$ studied by Cotlar-Sadosky and Ferguson-Sadosky), i.e., for every $f\in h^1(\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R})$ there exist sequences $\{α_j^k\}\in\ell^1$ and functions $g_j^k,h^k_j\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^2)$ such that \begin{align*} f=\sum_{k=1}^\infty\sum_{j=1}^\inftyα^k_j\Big(\, h^k_j H_1H_2 g^k_j - g^k_j H_1H_2 h^k_j\Big) \end{align*} in the sense of $h^1(\mathbb{R})$, where $H_1$ and $H_2$ are the Hilbert transforms on the first and second variable, respectively. Moreover, the norm $\|f\|_{h^1(\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R})}$ is given in terms of $\|g^k_j\|_{L^2(\mathbb{R}^2)}$ and $\|h^k_j\|_{L^2(\mathbb{R}^2)}$. By duality, this directly implies a lower bound on the norm of the commutator $[b,H_1H_2]$ in terms of $\|b\|_{{\rm bmo}(\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R})}$. Our method bypasses the use of analyticity and the Fourier transform, and hence can be extended to the higher dimension case in an arbitrary $n$-parameter setting for the Riesz transforms.

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arXiv2017

Two weight Commutators in the Dirichlet and Neumann Laplacian settings

In this paper we establish the characterization of the weighted BMO via two weight commutators in the settings of the Neumann Laplacian $Δ_{N_+}$ on the upper half space $\mathbb{R}^n_+$ and the reflection Neumann Laplacian $Δ_N$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with respect to the weights associated to $Δ_{N_+}$ and $Δ_{N}$ respectively. This in turn yields a weak factorization for the corresponding weighted Hardy spaces, where in particular, the weighted class associated to $Δ_{N}$ is strictly larger than the Muckenhoupt weighted class and contains non-doubling weights. In our study, we also make contributions to the classical Muckenhoupt--Wheeden weighted Hardy space (BMO space respectively) by showing that it can be characterized via area function (Carleson measure respectively) involving the semigroup generated by the Laplacian on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and that the duality of these weighted Hardy and BMO spaces holds for Muckenhoupt $A^p$ weights with $p\in (1,2]$ while the previously known related results cover only $p\in (1,{n+1\over n}]$. We also point out that this two weight commutator theorem might not be true in the setting of general operators $L$, and in particular we show that it is not true when $L$ is the Dirichlet Laplacian $Δ_{D_+}$ on $\mathbb{R}^n_+$.

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arXiv2017

Product Hardy, BMO spaces and iterated commutators associated with Bessel Schrödinger operators

In this paper we establish the product Hardy spaces associated with the Bessel Schrödinger operator introduced by Muckenhoupt and Stein, and provide equivalent characterizations in terms of the Bessel Riesz transforms, non-tangential and radial maximal functions, and Littlewood--Paley theory, which are consistent with the classical product Hardy space theory developed by Chang and Fefferman. Moreover, in this specific setting, we also provide another characterization via the Telyakovskií transform, which further implies that the product Hardy space associated with this Bessel Schrödinger operator is isomorphic to the subspace of suitable "odd functions" in the standard Chang--Fefferman product Hardy space. Based on the characterizations of these product Hardy spaces, we study the boundedness of the iterated commutator of the Bessel Riesz transforms and functions in the product BMO space associated with Bessel Schrödinger operator. We show that this iterated commutator is bounded above, but does not have a lower bound.

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arXiv2017

Carleson measures, BMO spaces and balayages associated to Schrodinger operators

Let $Ł$ be a Schrödinger operator of the form $Ł=-Δ+V$ acting on $L^2(\mathbb R^n)$, $n\geq3$, where the nonnegative potential $V$ belongs to the reverse Hölder class $B_q$ for some $q\geq n.$ Let ${\rm BMO}_{\mathcal{L}}(\RR)$ denote the BMO space associated to the Schrödinger operator $Ł$ on $\RR$. In this article we show that for every $f\in {\rm BMO}_{\mathcal{L}}(\RR)$ with compact support, then there exist $g\in L^{\infty}(\RR)$ and a finite Carleson measure $μ$ such that $$ f(x)=g(x) + S_{μ, {\mathcal P}}(x) $$ with $\|g\|_{\infty} +\||μ\||_{c}\leq C \|f\|_{{\rm BMO}_{\mathcal{L}}(\RR)},$ where $$ S_{μ, {\mathcal P}}=\int_{{\mathbb R}^{n+1}_+} {\mathcal P}_t(x,y) dμ(y, t), $$ and ${\mathcal P}_t(x,y)$ is the kernel of the Poisson semigroup $\{e^{-t\sqrtŁ}\}_{t> 0} $ on $L^2(\mathbb R^n)$. Conversely, if $μ$ is a Carleson measure, then $S_{μ, {\mathcal P}}$ belongs to the space ${\rm BMO}_{\mathcal{L}}(\RR)$. This extends the result for the classical John--Nirenberg BMO space by Carleson \cite{C} (see also \cite{U,GJ,W}) to the BMO setting associated to Schrödinger operators.

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arXiv2017

Maximal function characterizations for new local Hardy type spaces on spaces of homogeneous type

Let $X$ be a space of homogeneous type and let $\mathfrak{L}$ be a nonnegative self-adjoint operator on $L^2(X)$ enjoying Gaussian estimates. The main aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we prove the (local) nontangential and radial maximal function charaterization for the local Hardy spaces associated to $\mathfrak{L}$. This deduces the maximal function charaterization for local Hardy spaces in the sense of Coifman and Weiss provided that $\mathfrak{L}$ satisfies certain extra conditions. Secondly, we introduce the local Hardy space associated to the critical function $ρ$ which is motivated by the theory of Hardy spaces related to Schrödinger operators and includes the local Hardy spaces of Coifman and Weiss as a special case. Then we prove that these local Hardy spaces can be characterized by the the local nontangential and radial maximal function charaterization related to $\mathfrak{L}$ and $ρ$ and the global maximal function charaterizations associated to `perturbations' of $\mathfrak{L}$. As applications, we apply our theory to obtain a number of new results on maximal characterizations for the local Hardy type spaces in various settings ranging from Shrödinger operators on manifolds to Shrödinger operators on connected and simply connected nilpotent Lie groups.

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arXiv2017

Global Marcinkiewicz estimates for nonlinear parabolic equations with nonsmooth coefficients

Consider the parabolic equation with measure data \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{aligned} &u_t-{\rm div} \mathbf{a}(D u,x,t)=μ&\text{in}& \quad Ω_T, &u=0 \quad &\text{on}& \quad \partial_pΩ_T, \end{aligned}\right. \end{equation*} where $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $Ω_T=Ω\times (0,T)$, $\partial_pΩ_T=(\partialΩ\times (0,T))\cup (Ω\times\{0\})$, and $μ$ is a signed Borel measure with finite total mass. Assume that the nonlinearity ${\bf a}$ satisfies a small BMO-seminorm condition, and $Ω$ is a Reifenberg flat domain. This paper proves a global Marcinkiewicz estimate for the SOLA (Solution Obtained as Limits of Approximation) to the parabolic equation.

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arXiv2017

Global Lorentz estimates for nonlinear parabolic equations on nonsmooth domains

Consider the nonlinear parabolic equation in the form $$ u_t-{\rm div} \mathbf{a}(D u,x,t)={\rm div}\,(|F|^{p-2}F) \quad \text{in} \quad Ω\times(0,T), $$ where $T>0$ and $Ω$ is a Reifenberg domain. We suppose that the nonlinearity $\mathbf{a}(ξ,x,t)$ has a small BMO norm with respect to $x$ and is merely measurable and bounded with respect to the time variable $t$. In this paper, we prove the global Calderón-Zygmund estimates for the weak solution to this parabolic problem in the setting of Lorentz spaces which includes the estimates in Lebesgue spaces. Our global Calderón-Zygmund estimates extend certain previous results to equations with less regularity assumptions on the nonlinearity $\mathbf{a}(ξ,x,t)$ and to more general setting of Lorentz spaces.

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arXiv2017

Weighted variable exponent Sobolev estimates for elliptic equations with non-standard growth and measure data

Consider the following nonlinear elliptic equation of $p(x)$-Laplacian type with nonstandard growth \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{aligned} &{\rm div} a(Du, x)=μ\quad &\text{in}& \quad Ω, &u=0 \quad &\text{on}& \quad \partialΩ, \end{aligned} \right. \end{equation*} where $Ω$ is a Reifenberg domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $μ$ is a Radon measure defined on $Ω$ with finite total mass and the nonlinearity $a: \mathbb{R}^n\times \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}^n$ is modeled upon the $p(\cdot)$-Laplacian. We prove the estimates on weighted {\it variable exponent} Lebesgue spaces for gradients of solutions to this equation in terms of Muckenhoupt--Wheeden type estimates. As a consequence, we obtain some new results such as the weighted $L^q-L^r$ regularity (with constants $q < r$) and estimates on Morrey spaces for gradients of the solutions to this non-linear equation.

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arXiv2016

Weighted estimates for powers and Smoothing estimates of Schrödinger operators with inverse-square potentials

Let $\mathcal{L}_a$ be a Schrödinger operator with inverse square potential $a|x|^{-2}$ on $\mathbb{R}^d, d\geq 3$. The main aim of this paper is to prove weighted estimates for fractional powers of $\mathcal{L}_a$. The proof is based on weighted Hardy inequalities and weighted inequalities for square functions associated to $\mathcal{L}_a$. As an application, we obtain smoothing estimates regarding the propagator $e^{it\mathcal{L}_a}$.

math.AP↗

arXiv2016

Exponential-square integrability, weighted inequalities for the square functions associated to operators and applications

Let $X$ be a metric space with a doubling measure. Let $L$ be a nonnegative self-adjoint operator acting on $L^2(X)$, hence $L$ generates an analytic semigroup $e^{-tL}$. Assume that the kernels $p_t(x,y)$ of $e^{-tL}$ satisfy Gaussian upper bounds and Hölder's continuity in $x$ but we do not require the semigroup to satisfy the preservation condition $e^{-tL}1 = 1$. In this article we aim to establish the exponential-square integrability of a function whose square function associated to an operator $L$ is bounded, and the proof is new even for the Laplace operator on the Euclidean spaces ${\mathbb R^n}$. We then apply this result to obtain: (i) estimates of the norm on $L^p$ as $p$ becomes large for operators such as the square functions or spectral multipliers; (ii) weighted norm inequalities for the square functions; and (iii) eigenvalue estimates for Schrödinger operators on ${\mathbb R}^n$ or Lipschitz domains of ${\mathbb R}^n$.

math.AP↗

arXiv2016

A Moser type inequality for Bessel Laplace equations and applications

In this paper, we study Bessel operators and Bessel Laplace equations studied by Weinstein, Huber, and related the harmonic function theory introduced by Muckenhoupt--Stein. We establish the Moser type inequality for these harmonic functions, which is missing in this setting before. We then apply it to give a direct proof for the equivalence of characterizations of the Hardy spaces associated to Bessel operator via non-tangential maximal function and radial maximal function defined in terms of the Poisson semigroup.

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arXiv2016

Characterizations of product Hardy spaces in Bessel setting

In this paper, we work in the setting of Bessel operators and Bessel Laplace equations studied by Weinstein, Huber, and the harmonic function theory in this setting introduced by Muckenhoupt--Stein, especially the generalised Cauchy--Riemann equations and the conjugate harmonic functions. We provide the equivalent characterizations of product Hardy spaces associated with Bessel operators in terms of the Bessel Riesz transforms, non-tangential and radial maximal functions defined via Poisson and heat semigroups, based on the atomic decomposition, the extension of Merryfield's result which connects the product non-tangential maximal function and area function, and on the grand maximal function technique which connects the product non-tangential and radial maximal function. We then obtain directly the decomposition of the product BMO space associated with Bessel operators. These results are a first extension for product Hardy and BMO associated to a differential operator other than the Laplacian and are a major step beyond the Chang--Fefferman setting.

math.AP↗

arXiv2016

Compactness of Riesz transform commutator associated with Bessel operators

Let $λ>0$ and $\triangle_λ:=-\frac{d^2}{dx^2}-\frac{2λ}{x} \frac d{dx}$ be the Bessel operator on $\mathbb R_+:=(0,\infty)$. We first introduce and obtain an equivalent characterization of ${\rm CMO}(\mathbb R_+,\, x^{2λ}dx)$. By this equivalent characterization and establishing a new version of the Fréchet-Kolmogorov theorem in the Bessel setting, we further prove that a function $b\in {\rm BMO}(\mathbb R_+,\, x^{2λ}dx)$ is in ${\rm CMO}(\mathbb R_+,\, x^{2λ}dx)$ if and only if the Riesz transform commutator $[b, R_{Δ_λ}]$ is compact on $L^p(\mathbb R_+, x^{2λ}dx)$ for any $p\in(1, \infty)$.

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