arXiv subjects

Y. Hu

Publications and source records attributed to Y. Hu.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

Results on Total and Elastic Cross Sections in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV

We report results on the total and elastic cross sections in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section was measured in the squared four-momentum transfer range $0.045 \leq -t \leq 0.135$ GeV$^2$. The value of the exponential slope parameter $B$ of the elastic differential cross section $dσ/dt \sim e^{-Bt}$ in the measured $-t$ range was found to be $B = 14.32 \pm 0.09 (stat.)^{\scriptstyle +0.13}_{\scriptstyle -0.28} (syst.)$ GeV$^{-2}$. The total cross section $σ_{tot}$, obtained from extrapolation of the $dσ/dt$ to the optical point at $-t = 0$, is $σ_{tot} = 54.67 \pm 0.21 (stat.) ^{\scriptstyle +1.28}_{\scriptstyle -1.38} (syst.)$ mb. We also present the values of the elastic cross section $σ_{el} = 10.85 \pm 0.03 (stat.) ^{\scriptstyle +0.49}_{\scriptstyle -0.41}(syst.)$ mb, the elastic cross section integrated within the STAR $t$-range $σ^{det}_{el} = 4.05 \pm 0.01 (stat.) ^{\scriptstyle+0.18}_{\scriptstyle -0.17}(syst.)$ mb, and the inelastic cross section $σ_{inel} = 43.82 \pm 0.21 (stat.) ^{\scriptstyle +1.37}_{\scriptstyle -1.44} (syst.)$ mb. The results are compared with the world data.

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arXiv2020

Measurement of the central exclusive production of charged particle pairs in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV with the STAR detector at RHIC

We report on the measurement of the Central Exclusive Production of charged particle pairs $h^{+}h^{-}$ ($h = π, K, p$) with the STAR detector at RHIC in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV. The charged particle pairs produced in the reaction $pp\to p^\prime+h^{+}h^{-}+p^\prime$ are reconstructed from the tracks in the central detector, while the forward-scattered protons are measured in the Roman Pot system. Differential cross sections are measured in the fiducial region, which roughly corresponds to the square of the four-momentum transfers at the proton vertices in the range $0.04~\mbox{GeV}^2 < -t_1 , -t_2 < 0.2~\mbox{GeV}^2$, invariant masses of the charged particle pairs up to a few GeV and pseudorapidities of the centrally-produced hadrons in the range $|η|<0.7$. The measured cross sections are compared to phenomenological predictions based on the Double Pomeron Exchange (DPE) model. Structures observed in the mass spectra of $π^{+}π^{-}$ and $K^{+}K^{-}$ pairs are consistent with the DPE model, while angular distributions of pions suggest a dominant spin-0 contribution to $π^{+}π^{-}$ production. The fiducial $π^+π^-$ cross section is extrapolated to the Lorentz-invariant region, which allows decomposition of the invariant mass spectrum into continuum and resonant contributions. The extrapolated cross section is well described by the continuum production and at least three resonances, the $f_0(980)$, $f_2(1270)$ and $f_0(1500)$, with a possible small contribution from the $f_0(1370)$. Fits to the extrapolated differential cross section as a function of $t_1$ and $t_2$ enable extraction of the exponential slope parameters in several bins of the invariant mass of $π^+π^-$ pairs. These parameters are sensitive to the size of the interaction region.

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arXiv2020

Measurement of D$^0$-meson + hadron two-dimensional angular correlations in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = $ 200 GeV

Open heavy flavor hadrons provide unique probes of the medium produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Due to their increased mass relative to light-flavor hadrons, long lifetime, and early production in hard-scattering interactions, they provide access to the full evolution of the partonic medium formed in heavy-ion collisions. This paper reports two-dimensional (2D) angular correlations between neutral $D$-mesons and unidentified charged particles produced in minimum-bias Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 200 GeV. $D^0$ and $\bar{D}^0$ mesons are reconstructed via their weak decay to $K^{\mp} π^{\pm}$ using the Heavy Flavor Tracker (HFT) in the Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR) experiment. Correlations on relative pseudorapidity and azimuth $(Δη,Δϕ)$ are presented for peripheral, mid-central and central collisions with $D^0$ transverse momentum from 2 to 10 GeV/$c$. Attention is focused on the 2D peaked correlation structure near the triggered $D^0$-meson, the {\em near-side} (NS) peak, which serves as a proxy for a charm-quark containing jet. The correlated NS yield of charged particles per $D^0$-meson and the 2D widths of the NS peak increase significantly from peripheral to central collisions. These results are compared with similar correlations using unidentified charged particles, consisting primarily of light-flavor hadrons, at similar trigger particle momenta. Similar per-trigger yields and widths of the NS correlation peak are observed. The present results provide additional evidence that $D^0$-mesons undergo significant interactions with the medium formed in heavy-ion collision and show, for the first time, significant centrality evolution of the NS 2D peak in the correlations of particles associated with a heavy-flavor hadron produced in these collisions.

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arXiv2020

Investigation of the linear and mode-coupled flow harmonics in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{\textit{s}_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV

Flow harmonics ($\textit{v}_{n}$) of the Fourier expansion for the azimuthal distributions of hadrons are commonly employed to quantify the azimuthal anisotropy of particle production relative to the collision symmetry planes. While lower order Fourier coefficients ($\textit{v}_{2}$ and $\textit{v}_{3}$) are more directly related to the corresponding eccentricities of the initial state, the higher-order flow harmonics ($\textit{v}_{n>3}$) can be induced by a mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, in addition to a linear response to the same-order anisotropies. These higher-order flow harmonics and their linear and mode-coupled contributions can be used to more precisely constrain the initial conditions and the transport properties of the medium in theoretical models. The multiparticle azimuthal cumulant method is used to measure the linear and mode-coupled contributions in the higher-order anisotropic flow, the mode-coupled response coefficients, and the correlations of the event plane angles for charged particles as functions of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{\textit{s}_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The results are compared to similar LHC measurements as well as to several viscous hydrodynamic calculations with varying initial conditions.

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arXiv2020

Beam energy dependence of net-$Λ$ fluctuations measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC

The measurements of particle multiplicity distributions have generated considerable interest in understanding the fluctuations of conserved quantum numbers in the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) hadronization regime, in particular near a possible critical point and near the chemical freeze-out. We report the measurement of efficiency and centrality bin width corrected cumulant ratios ($C_{2}/C_{1}$, $C_{3}/C_{2}$) of net-$Λ$ distributions, in the context of both strangeness and baryon number conservation, as a function of collision energy, centrality and rapidity. The results are for Au + Au collisions at five beam energies ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4 and 200 GeV) recorded with the Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR). We compare our results to the Poisson and negative binomial (NBD) expectations, as well as to Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) and Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model predictions. Both NBD and Poisson baselines agree with data within the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The ratios of the measured cumulants show no features of critical fluctuations. The chemical freeze-out temperatures extracted from a recent HRG calculation, which was successfully used to describe the net-proton, net-kaon and net-charge data, indicate $Λ$ freeze-out conditions similar to those of kaons. However, large deviations are found when comparing to temperatures obtained from net-proton fluctuations. The net-$Λ$ cumulants show a weak, but finite, dependence on the rapidity coverage in the acceptance of the detector, which can be attributed to quantum number conservation.

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arXiv2019

Underlying event measurements in $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}= 200 $ GeV at RHIC

Particle production sensitive to non-factorizable and non-perturbative processes that contribute to the underlying event associated with a high transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) jet in proton+proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=200 GeV is studied with the STAR detector. Each event is divided into three regions based on the azimuthal angle with respect to the highest-$p_{T}$ jet direction: in the leading jet direction ("Toward"), opposite to the leading jet ("Away"), and perpendicular to the leading jet ("Transverse"). In the Transverse region, the average charged particle density is found to be between 0.4 and 0.6 and the mean transverse momentum, $\langle p_{T}\rangle$, between 0.5-0.7 GeV/$c$ for particles with $p_{T}$$>$0.2 GeV/$c$ at mid-pseudorapidity ($|η|$$<$1) and jet $p_{T}$$>$15 GeV/$c$. Both average particle density and $\langle p_{T}\rangle$ depend weakly on the leading jet $p_{T}$. Closer inspection of the Transverse region hints that contributions to the underlying event from initial- and final-state radiation are significantly smaller in these collisions than at the higher energies, up to 13 TeV, recorded at the LHC. Underlying event measurements associated with a high-$p_{T}$ jet will contribute to our understanding of QCD processes at hard and soft scales at RHIC energies, as well as provide constraints to modeling of underlying event dynamics.

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arXiv2019

Methods for a blind analysis of isobar data collected by the STAR collaboration

In 2018, the STAR collaboration collected data from $_{44}^{96}Ru+_{44}^{96}Ru$ and $_{40}^{96}Zr+_{40}^{96}Zr$ at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV to search for the presence of the chiral magnetic effect in collisions of nuclei. The isobar collision species alternated frequently between $_{44}^{96}Ru+_{44}^{96}Ru$ and $_{40}^{96}Zr+_{40}^{96}Zr$. In order to conduct blind analyses of studies related to the chiral magnetic effect in these isobar data, STAR developed a three-step blind analysis procedure. Analysts are initially provided a "reference sample" of data, comprised of a mix of events from the two species, the order of which respects time-dependent changes in run conditions. After tuning analysis codes and performing time-dependent quality assurance on the reference sample, analysts are provided a species-blind sample suitable for calculating efficiencies and corrections for individual $\approx30$-minute data-taking runs. For this sample, species-specific information is disguised, but individual output files contain data from a single isobar species. Only run-by-run corrections and code alteration subsequent to these corrections are allowed at this stage. Following these modifications, the "frozen" code is passed over the fully un-blind data, completing the blind analysis. As a check of the feasibility of the blind analysis procedure, analysts completed a "mock data challenge," analyzing data from $Au+Au$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=27$ GeV, collected in 2018. The $Au+Au$ data were prepared in the same manner intended for the isobar blind data. The details of the blind analysis procedure and results from the mock data challenge are presented.

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arXiv2019

Beam-energy dependence of identified two-particle angular correlations in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

The two-particle angular correlation functions, $R_2$, of pions, kaons, and protons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV were measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. These correlations were measured for both like-sign and unlike-sign charge combinations and versus the centrality. The correlations of pions and kaons show the expected near-side ({\it i.e.}, at small relative angles) peak resulting from short-range mechanisms. The amplitudes of these short-range correlations decrease with increasing beam energy. However, the proton correlation functions exhibit strong anticorrelations in the near-side region. This behavior is observed for the first time in an A+A collision system. The observed anticorrelation is $p_{T}$-independent and decreases with increasing beam energy and centrality. The experimental results are also compared to the Monte Carlo models UrQMD, Hijing, and AMPT.

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arXiv2019

The afterglow and kilonova of the short GRB 160821B

GRB 160821B is a short duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected and localized by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory in the outskirts of a spiral galaxy at z=0.1613, at a projected physical offset of 16 kpc from the galaxy's center. We present X-ray, optical/nIR and radio observations of its counterpart and model them with two distinct components of emission: a standard afterglow, arising from the interaction of the relativistic jet with the surrounding medium, and a kilonova, powered by the radioactive decay of the sub-relativistic ejecta. Broadband modeling of the afterglow data reveals a weak reverse shock propagating backward into the jet, and a likely jet-break at 3.5 d. This is consistent with a structured jet seen slightly off-axis while expanding into a low-density medium. Analysis of the kilonova properties suggests a rapid evolution toward red colors, similar to AT2017gfo, and a low nIR luminosity, possibly due to the presence of a long-lived neutron star. The global properties of the environment, the inferred low mass (M_ej < 0.006 Msun) and velocities (v > 0.05 c) of lanthanide-rich ejecta are consistent with a binary neutron star merger progenitor.

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arXiv2019

Charmonium and Charm Spectroscopy

In this talk, we review the recent experimental developments on charmonium and charm spectroscopy base on the data samples taken by the BESIII, Belle, LHCb and CMS experiments. We concentrate on the resonant parameter measurement of $χ_{cJ}$, $η_{c}$, $η_{c}(2S)$, observation of $ψ(1^{3}D_{3})$ candidate and alternative $χ_{c0}(2P)$ candidate, observation of excited $B_{c}$ states, $Ξ(2930)$ states, excited $Ω_{c}$ states and doubly charm baryon, and the study of $Λ_{c}^{*}$ states.

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arXiv2019

Evidence of a resonant structure in the $e^+e^-\to π^+D^0D^{*-}$ cross section between 4.05 and 4.60 GeV

The cross section of the process $e^+e^-\to π^+D^0D^{*-}$ for center-of-mass energies from 4.05 to 4.60~GeV is measured precisely using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two enhancements are clearly visible in the cross section around 4.23 and 4.40~GeV. Using several models to describe the dressed cross section yields stable parameters for the first enhancement, which has a mass of $4228.6 \pm 4.1 \pm 6.3 \un{MeV}/c^2$ and a width of $77.0 \pm 6.8 \pm 6.3 \un{MeV}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. Our resonant mass is consistent with previous observations of the $Y(4220)$ state and the theoretical prediction of a $D\bar{D}_1(2420)$ molecule. This result is the first observation of $Y(4220)$ associated with an open-charm final state. Fits with three resonance functions with additional $Y(4260)$, $Y(4320)$, $Y(4360)$, $ψ(4415)$, or a new resonance, do not show significant contributions from either of these resonances. The second enhancement is not from a single known resonance. It could contain contributions from $ψ(4415)$ and other resonances, and a detailed amplitude analysis is required to better understand this enhancement.

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arXiv2019

A multi-wavelength analysis of a collection of short-duration GRBs observed between 2012-2015

We investigate the prompt emission and the afterglow properties of short duration gamma-ray burst (sGRB) 130603B and another eight sGRB events during 2012-2015, observed by several multi-wavelength facilities including the GTC 10.4m telescope. Prompt emission high energy data of the events were obtained by INTEGRAL/SPI/ACS, Swift/BAT and Fermi/GBM satellites. The prompt emission data by INTEGRAL in the energy range of 0.1-10 MeV for sGRB 130603B, sGRB 140606A, sGRB 140930B, sGRB 141212A and sGRB 151228A do not show any signature of the extended emission or precursor activity and their spectral and temporal properties are similar to those seen in case of other short bursts. For sGRB130603B, our new afterglow photometric data constraints the pre jet-break temporal decay due to denser temporal coverage. For sGRB 130603B, the afterglow light curve, containing both our new as well as previously published photometric data is broadly consistent with the ISM afterglow model. Modeling of the host galaxies of sGRB 130603B and sGRB 141212A using the LePHARE software supports a scenario in which the environment of the burst is undergoing moderate star formation activity. From the inclusion of our late-time data for 8 other sGRBs we are able to; place tight constraints on the non-detection of the afterglow, host galaxy or any underlying kilonova emission. Our late-time afterglow observations of the sGRB 170817A/GW170817 are also discussed and compared with the sub-set of sGRBs.

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arXiv2019

Search for a strangeonium-like structure $Z_s$ decaying into $ϕπ$ and a measurement of the cross section $e^+e^-\rightarrowϕππ$

Using a data sample of $e^+e^-$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 108 pb$^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 2.125 GeV, we study the process $e^+e^-\rightarrow ϕππ$ and search for a strangeoniumlike structure $Z_s$ decaying into $ϕπ$. No signal is observed in the $ϕπ$ mass spectrum. Upper limits on the cross sections for $Z_s$ production at the 90\% confidence level are determined. In addition, the cross sections of $e^+e^-\rightarrowϕπ^{+}π^{-}$ and $e^+e^-\rightarrowϕπ^{0}π^{0}$ at 2.125 GeV are measured to be $(436.2\pm6.4\pm30.1)$ pb and $(237.0\pm8.6\pm15.4)$ pb, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.

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arXiv2018

Measurements of the absolute branching fractions and $CP$ asymmetries for $D^+\rightarrow K_{S,L}^0 K^+(π^0)$

Using $e^+e^-$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb$^{-1}$ taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we determine the absolute branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_S^0 K^+)$ = $(3.02 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.08)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_S^0 K^+ π^0)$ = $(5.07 \pm 0.19 \pm 0.23)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_L^0 K^+)$ = $(3.21 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.11)\times10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_L^0 K^+ π^0)$ = $(5.24 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.22)\times10^{-3}$, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The branching fraction \wbrksk is consistent with the world average value and the other three branching fractions are measured for the first time. We also measure the $CP$ asymmetries for the four decays and do not find a significant deviation from zero.

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arXiv2018

Measurement of the Branching Fraction For the Semi-Leptonic Decays $D^{0(+)}\to π^{-(0)}μ^+ν_μ$ and Test of Lepton Flavor Universality

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $2.93\,\rm fb^{-1}$ taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773\,GeV with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII collider, we perform an analysis of the semi-leptonic decays $D^{0(+)}\to π^{-(0)}μ^+ν_μ$. The branching fractions of $D^0\to π^-μ^+ν_μ$ and $D^+\to π^0μ^+ν_μ$ are measured to be $(0.272 \pm 0.008_{\rm stat.} \pm 0.006_{\rm syst.})\%$ and $(0.350 \pm 0.011_{\rm stat.} \pm 0.010_{\rm syst.})\%$, respectively, where the former is of much improved precision compared to previous results and the latter is determined for the first time. Using these results along with previous BESIII measurements of $D^{0(+)}\to π^{-(0)}e^+ν_e$, we calculate the branching fraction ratios to be ${\mathcal R}^0\equiv {\mathcal B}_{D^{0}\to π^{-}μ^+ν_μ}/{\mathcal B}_{D^{0}\to π^{-}e^+ν_e}=0.922\pm 0.030_{\rm stat.}\pm0.022_{\rm syst.}$ and ${\mathcal R}^+\equiv {\mathcal B}_{D^{+}\to π^{0}μ^+ν_μ}/{\mathcal B}_{D^{+}\to π^{0}e^+ν_e}=0.964\pm 0.037_{\rm stat.}\pm0.026_{\rm syst.}$, which are compatible with the theoretical expectation of lepton flavor universality within $1.7σ$ and $0.5σ$, respectively. We also examine the branching fraction ratios in different four-momentum transfer square regions, and find no significant deviations from the standard model predictions.

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arXiv2018

Observation of $h_1(1380)$ in the $J/ψ\to η^{\prime} K\bar K π$ Decay

Using $1.31 \times 10^9$ $J/ψ$ events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII $e^+e^-$ collider, we report the first observation of the $h_1(1380)$ in $J/ψ\to η^{\prime} h_1(1380)$ with a significance of more than ten standard deviations. The mass and width of the possible axial-vector strangeonium candidate $h_1(1380)$ are measured to be $M = (1423.2 \pm 2.1 \pm 7.3)\mevcc$ and $Γ= (90.3 \pm 9.8 \pm 17.5)\mev$. The product branching fractions, assuming no interference, are determined to be $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to η^{\prime}h_1(1380)) \times \mathcal{B}(h_1(1380) \to K^{*}(892)^{+} K^{-} +c.c.) = (1.51 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.21) \times 10^{-4}$ in $η^{\prime}K^+K^-π^0$ mode and $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to η^{\prime}h_1(1380)) \times \mathcal{B}(h_1(1380) \to K^{*}(892)\bar K +c.c.) = (2.16 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.29) \times 10^{-4}$ in $η^{\prime}K_S^0K^{\pm}π^{\mp}$ mode. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. Isospin symmetry violation is observed in the decays $h_1(1380) \to K^{*}(892)^{+} K^{-} +c.c.$ and $h_1(1380) \to K^{*}(892)^{0}\bar K^{0} +c.c.$. Based on the measured $h_1(1380)$ mass, the mixing angle between the states $h_1(1170)$ and $h_1(1380)$ is determined to be $(35.9\pm2.6)^{\circ}$, consistent with theoretical expectations.

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arXiv2018

Observation of $ψ(3686) \to n\bar{n}$ and improved measurement of $ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p}$

We observe the decay $ψ(3686) \to n \bar{n}$ for the first time and measure $ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p}$ with improved accuracy by using $1.07\times 10^8$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector. The measured branching fractions are $\mathcal{B}(ψ(3686) \to n \bar{n}) = (3.06 \pm 0.06 \pm 0.14)\times 10^{-4}$ and $\mathcal{B}(ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p}) = (3.05 \pm 0.02 \pm 0.12) \times 10^{-4}$. Here, the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones systematic. With the hypothesis that the polar angular distributions of the neutron and proton in the center-of-mass system obey $1+α\cos^2θ$, we determine the $α$ parameters to be $α_{n\bar{n}} = 0.68 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.11$ and $α_{p\bar{p}} = 1.03 \pm 0.06 \pm 0.03$ for $ψ(3686)\to n\bar{n}$ and $ψ(3686)\to p\bar{p}$, respectively.

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arXiv2018

Observation of $e^{+}e^{-} \to ϕχ_{c1}$ and $ϕχ_{c2}$ at $\sqrt{s}$=4.600 GeV

Using a data sample collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=4.600$ GeV, we search for the production of $e^{+}e^{-} \to ϕχ_{c0,1,2}$ and the charmonium-like state $Y(4140)$ in the radiative transition $e^{+}e^{-} \to γY(4140)$ with $Y(4140)$ subsequently decaying into $ϕJ/ψ$. The processes $e^{+}e^{-} \to ϕχ_{c1}$ and $ϕχ_{c2}$ are observed for the first time, each with a statistical significance of more than 10σ, and the Born cross sections are measured to be $(4.2^{+1.7}_{-1.0}\pm 0.3)$ pb and $(6.7^{+3.4}_{-1.7}\pm 0.5)$ pb, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. No significant signals are observed for $e^{+}e^{-} \to ϕχ_{c0}$ and $e^{+}e^{-} \to γY(4140)$ and upper limits on the Born cross sections at $90\%$ confidence level are provided at $\sqrt{s}=4.600$ GeV.

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