arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Yasuhiko Yamada.
A system of q-Painlevé type equations with multi-time variables t_1,...,t_M is obtained as a similarity reduction of the N-reduced q-KP hierarchy. This system has affine Weyl group symmetry of type A^{(1)}_{M-1} \times A^{(1)}_{N-1}. Its rational solutions are constructed in terms of q-Schur functions.
We give a birational realization of affine Weyl group of type $A^{(1)}_{m-1} \times A^{(1)}_{n-1}$. We apply this representation to construct some discrete integrable systems and discrete Painlevé equations. Our construction has a combinatorial counterpart through the ultra-discretization procedure.
A q-difference analogue of the fourth Painlevé equation is proposed. Its symmetry structure and some particular solutions are investigated.
We propose a general method to realize an arbitrary Weyl group of Kac-Moody type as a group of birational canonical transformations, by means of a nilpotent Poisson algebra. We also give a Lie theoretic interpretation of this realization in terms of Kac-Moody Lie algebras and Kac-Moody groups.
The box ball system is studied in the crystal theory formulation. New conserved quantities and the phase shift of the soliton scattering are obtained by considering the energy function (or $H$-function) in the combinatorial $R$-matrix.
We analyze the structure of singularities, Mordell-Weil lattices and torsions of a rational elliptic surface using string junctions in the background of 12 7-branes. The classification of the Mordell-Weil lattices due to Oguiso-Shioda is reproduced in terms of the junction lattice. In this analysis an important role played by the global structure of the surface is observed. It is then found that the torsions in the Mordell-Weil group are generated by the fraction of loop junctions which represent the imaginary roots of the loop algebra $\hat E_9$. From the structure of the Mordell-Weil lattice we find 7-brane configurations which support non-BPS junctions carrying conserved Abelian charges.
Determinant formulas for the general solutions of the Toda and discrete Toda equations are presented. Application to the $τ$ functions for the Painlevé equations is also discussed.
Elliptic curves for the 7-brane configurations realizing the affine Lie algebras $\wh E_n$ $(1 \leq n \leq 8)$ and $\wh{\wt E}_n$ $(n=0,1)$ are systematically derived from the cubic equation for a rational elliptic surface. It is then shown that the $\wh E_n$ 7-branes describe the discriminant locus of the elliptic curves for five-dimensional (5D) N=1 $E_n$ theories compactified on a circle. This is in accordance with a recent construction of 5D N=1 $E_n$ theories on the IIB 5-brane web with 7-branes, and indicates the validity of the D3 probe picture for 5D $E_n$ theories on $\bR^4 \times S^1$. Using the $\wh E_n$ curves we also study the compactification of 5D $E_n$ theories to four dimensions.
Fermionic formulae originate in the Bethe ansatz in solvable lattice models. They are specific expressions of some q-polynomials as sums of products of q-binomial coefficients. We consider the fermionic formulae associated with general non-twisted quantum affine algebra U_q(X^{(1)}_n) and discuss several aspects related to representation theories and combinatorics. They include crystal base theory, one dimensional sums, spinon character formulae, Q-system and combinatorial completeness of the string hypothesis for arbitrary X_n.
Explicit determinant formulas are presented for the $τ$ functions of the generalized Painlevé equations of type $A$. This result allows an interpretation of the $τ$-functions as the Plücker coordinates of the universal Grassmann manifold.
A series of systems of nonlinear equations with affine Weyl group symmetry of type $A^{(1)}_l$ is studied. This series gives a generalization of Painlevé equations $P_{IV}$ and $P_{V}$ to higher orders.
A new class of representations of affine Weyl groups on rational functions are constructed, in order to formulate discrete dynamical systems associated with affine root systems. As an application, some examples of difference and differential systems of Painleve type are discussed.
Let B_{(l)} be the perfect crystal for the l-symmetric tensor representation of the quantum affine algebra U'_q(\hat{sl(n)}). For a partition mu = (mu_1,...,mu_m), elements of the tensor product B_{(mu_1)} \otimes ... \otimes B_{(mu_m)} can be regarded as inhomogeneous paths. We establish a bijection between a certain large mu limit of this crystal and the crystal of an (generally reducible) integrable U_q(\hat{sl(n)})-module, which forms a large family depending on the inhomogeneity of mu kept in the limit. For the associated one dimensional sums, relations with the Kostka-Foulkes polynomials are clarified, and new fermionic formulae are presented. By combining their limits with the bijection, we prove or conjecture several formulae for the string functions, branching functions, coset branching functions and spinon character formula of both vertex and RSOS types.
We propose a new representation of the fourth Painlevé equation in which the $A^{(1)}_2$-symmetries become clearly visible. By means of this representation, we clarify the internal relation between the fourth Painlevé equation and the modified KP hierarchy. We obtain in particular a complete description of the rational solutions of the fourth Painlevé equation in terms of Schur functions. This implies that the so-called Okamoto polynomials, which arise from the $τ$-functions for rational solutions, are in fact expressible by the 3-reduced Schur functions.
A $q$-analog of the Clebsch Gordan rules for the tensor products of the fundamental representations of Yangian is introduced. Its relation to the crystal base theory and application to the spinon character formulas are discussed in case of $C_2^{(1)}$ explicitly.
The relation between the charge of Lascoux-Schuzenberger and the energy function in solvable lattice models is clarified. As an application, A.N.Kirillov's conjecture on the expression of the branching coefficient of ${\widehat {sl_n}}/{sl_n}$ as a limit of Kostka polynomials is proved.
The crystalline spinon basis for the RSOS models associated with $\widehat{sl_2}$ is studied. This basis gives fermionic type character formulas for the branching coefficients of the coset $(\widehat{sl_2})_l \times (\widehat{sl_2})_N/(\widehat{sl_2})_{l+N}$. In addition the path description of the parafermion characters is found as a limit of the spinon description of the string functions.
The quasi-particle structure of the higher spin XXZ model is studied. We obtained a new description of crystals associated with the level $k$ integrable highest weight $U_q(\widehat{sl_2})$ modules in terms of the creation operators at $q=0$ (the crystaline spinon basis). The fermionic character formulas and the Yangian structure of those integrable modules naturally follow from this description. We have also derived the conjectural formulas for the multi quasi-particle states at $q=0$.